CREATE ROUTE (Transact-SQL)

Artikel
12/30/2022

Applies to: SQL Server Azure SQL Managed Instance

Adds a new route to the routing table for the current database. For outgoing messages, Service Broker determines routing by checking the routing table in the local database. For messages on conversations that originate in another instance, including messages to be forwarded, Service Broker checks the routes in msdb.

Transact-SQL syntax conventions

Syntax

CREATE ROUTE route_name  
[ AUTHORIZATION owner_name ]  
WITH    
   [ SERVICE_NAME = 'service_name', ]  
   [ BROKER_INSTANCE = 'broker_instance_identifier' , ]  
   [ LIFETIME = route_lifetime , ]  
   ADDRESS =  'next_hop_address'  
   [ , MIRROR_ADDRESS = 'next_hop_mirror_address' ]  
[ ; ]

Arguments

route_name
Is the name of the route to create. A new route is created in the current database and owned by the principal specified in the AUTHORIZATION clause. Server, database, and schema names cannot be specified. The route_name must be a valid sysname.

AUTHORIZATION owner_name
Sets the owner of the route to the specified database user or role. The owner_name can be the name of any valid user or role when the current user is a member of either the db_owner fixed database role or the sysadmin fixed server role. Otherwise, owner_name must be the name of the current user, the name of a user that the current user has IMPERSONATE permission for, or the name of a role to which the current user belongs. When this clause is omitted, the route belongs to the current user.

WITH
Introduces the clauses that define the route being created.

SERVICE_NAME = 'service_name'
Specifies the name of the remote service that this route points to. The service_name must exactly match the name the remote service uses. Service Broker uses a byte-by-byte comparison to match the service_name. In other words, the comparison is case sensitive and does not consider the current collation. If the SERVICE_NAME is omitted, this route matches any service name, but has lower priority for matching than a route that specifies a SERVICE_NAME. A route with a service name of 'SQL/ServiceBroker/BrokerConfiguration' is a route to a Broker Configuration Notice service. A route to this service might not specify a broker instance.

BROKER_INSTANCE = 'broker_instance_identifier'
Specifies the database that hosts the target service. The broker_instance_identifier parameter must be the broker instance identifier for the remote database, which can be obtained by running the following query in the selected database:

SELECT service_broker_guid  
FROM sys.databases  
WHERE database_id = DB_ID()

When the BROKER_INSTANCE clause is omitted, this route matches any broker instance. A route that matches any broker instance has higher priority for matching than routes with an explicit broker instance when the conversation does not specify a broker instance. For conversations that specify a broker instance, a route with a broker instance has higher priority than a route that matches any broker instance.

LIFETIME =route_lifetime
Specifies the time, in seconds, that SQL Server retains the route in the routing table. At the end of the lifetime, the route expires, and SQL Server no longer considers the route when choosing a route for a new conversation. If this clause is omitted, the route_lifetime is NULL and the route never expires.

ADDRESS ='next_hop_address'
For SQL Managed Instance, ADDRESS must be local.

Specifies the network address for this route. The next_hop_address specifies a TCP/IP address in the following format:

TCP://{ dns_name | netbios_name | ip_address } :port_number

The specified port_number must match the port number for the Service Broker endpoint of an instance of SQL Server at the specified computer. This can be obtained by running the following query in the selected database:

SELECT tcpe.port  
FROM sys.tcp_endpoints AS tcpe  
INNER JOIN sys.service_broker_endpoints AS ssbe  
   ON ssbe.endpoint_id = tcpe.endpoint_id  
WHERE ssbe.name = N'MyServiceBrokerEndpoint';

When the service is hosted in a mirrored database, you must also specify the MIRROR_ADDRESS for the other instance that hosts a mirrored database. Otherwise, this route does not fail over to the mirror.

When a route specifies 'LOCAL' for the next_hop_address, the message is delivered to a service within the current instance of SQL Server.

When a route specifies 'TRANSPORT' for the next_hop_address, the network address is determined based on the network address in the name of the service. A route that specifies 'TRANSPORT' might not specify a service name or broker instance.

MIRROR_ADDRESS ='next_hop_mirror_address'
Specifies the network address for a mirrored database with one mirrored database hosted at the next_hop_address. The next_hop_mirror_address specifies a TCP/IP address in the following format:

TCP://{ dns_name | netbios_name | ip_address } : port_number

SELECT tcpe.port  
FROM sys.tcp_endpoints AS tcpe  
INNER JOIN sys.service_broker_endpoints AS ssbe  
   ON ssbe.endpoint_id = tcpe.endpoint_id  
WHERE ssbe.name = N'MyServiceBrokerEndpoint';

When the MIRROR_ADDRESS is specified, the route must specify the SERVICE_NAME clause and the BROKER_INSTANCE clause. A route that specifies 'LOCAL' or 'TRANSPORT' for the next_hop_address might not specify a mirror address.

Remarks

The routing table that stores the routes is a metadata table that can be read through the sys.routes catalog view. This catalog view can only be updated through the CREATE ROUTE, ALTER ROUTE, and DROP ROUTE statements.

By default, the routing table in each user database contains one route. This route is named AutoCreatedLocal. The route specifies 'LOCAL' for the next_hop_address and matches any service name and broker instance identifier.

When a route specifies 'TRANSPORT' for the next_hop_address, the network address is determined based on the name of the service. SQL Server can successfully process service names that begin with a network address in a format that is valid for a next_hop_address.

The routing table can contain any number of routes that specify the same service, network address, and broker instance identifier. In this case, Service Broker chooses a route using a procedure designed to find the most exact match between the information specified in the conversation and the information in the routing table.

Service Broker does not remove expired routes from the routing table. An expired route can be made active using the ALTER ROUTE statement.

A route cannot be a temporary object. Route names that start with # are allowed, but are permanent objects.

Permissions

Permission for creating a route defaults to members of the db_ddladmin or db_owner fixed database roles and the sysadmin fixed server role.

Examples

A. Creating a TCP/IP route by using a DNS name

The following example creates a route to the service //Adventure-Works.com/Expenses. The route specifies that messages to this service travel over TCP to port 1234 on the host identified by the DNS name www.Adventure-Works.com. The target server delivers the messages upon arrival to the broker instance identified by the unique identifier D8D4D268-00A3-4C62-8F91-634B89C1E315.

CREATE ROUTE ExpenseRoute  
    WITH  
    SERVICE_NAME = '//Adventure-Works.com/Expenses',  
    BROKER_INSTANCE = 'D8D4D268-00A3-4C62-8F91-634B89C1E315',  
    ADDRESS = 'TCP://www.Adventure-Works.com:1234' ;

B. Creating a TCP/IP route by using a NetBIOS name

The following example creates a route to the service //Adventure-Works.com/Expenses. The route specifies that messages to this service travel over TCP to port 1234 on the host identified by the NetBIOS name SERVER02. Upon arrival, the target SQL Server delivers the message to the database instance identified by the unique identifier D8D4D268-00A3-4C62-8F91-634B89C1E315.

CREATE ROUTE ExpenseRoute  
    WITH   
    SERVICE_NAME = '//Adventure-Works.com/Expenses',  
    BROKER_INSTANCE = 'D8D4D268-00A3-4C62-8F91-634B89C1E315',  
    ADDRESS = 'TCP://SERVER02:1234' ;

C. Creating a TCP/IP route by using an IP address

The following example creates a route to the service //Adventure-Works.com/Expenses. The route specifies that messages to this service travel over TCP to port 1234 on the host at the IP address 192.168.10.2. Upon arrival, the target SQL Server delivers the message to the broker instance identified by the unique identifier D8D4D268-00A3-4C62-8F91-634B89C1E315.

CREATE ROUTE ExpenseRoute  
    WITH  
    SERVICE_NAME = '//Adventure-Works.com/Expenses',  
    BROKER_INSTANCE = 'D8D4D268-00A3-4C62-8F91-634B89C1E315',  
    ADDRESS = 'TCP://192.168.10.2:1234' ;

D. Creating a route to a forwarding broker

The following example creates a route to the forwarding broker on the server dispatch.Adventure-Works.com. Because both the service name and the broker instance identifier are not specified, SQL Server uses this route for services that have no other route defined.

CREATE ROUTE ExpenseRoute  
    WITH  
    ADDRESS = 'TCP://dispatch.Adventure-Works.com' ;

E. Creating a route to a local service

The following example creates a route to the service //Adventure-Works.com/LogRequests in the same instance as the route.

CREATE ROUTE LogRequests  
    WITH  
    SERVICE_NAME = '//Adventure-Works.com/LogRequests',  
    ADDRESS = 'LOCAL' ;

F. Creating a route with a specified lifetime

The following example creates a route to the service //Adventure-Works.com/Expenses. The lifetime for the route is 259200 seconds, which equates to 72 hours.

CREATE ROUTE ExpenseRoute  
    WITH  
    SERVICE_NAME = '//Adventure-Works.com/Expenses',  
    LIFETIME = 259200,  
    ADDRESS = 'TCP://services.Adventure-Works.com:1234' ;

G. Creating a route to a mirrored database

The following example creates a route to the service //Adventure-Works.com/Expenses. The service is hosted in a database that is mirrored. One of the mirrored databases is located at the address services.Adventure-Works.com:1234, and the other database is located at the address services-mirror.Adventure-Works.com:1234.

CREATE ROUTE ExpenseRoute  
    WITH  
    SERVICE_NAME = '//Adventure-Works.com/Expenses',  
    BROKER_INSTANCE = '69fcc80c-2239-4700-8437-1001ecddf933',  
    ADDRESS = 'TCP://services.Adventure-Works.com:1234',   
    MIRROR_ADDRESS = 'TCP://services-mirror.Adventure-Works.com:1234' ;

H. Creating a route that uses the service name for routing

The following example creates a route that uses the service name to determine the network address to send the message to. Notice that a route that specifies 'TRANSPORT' as the network address has lower priority for matching than other routes.

CREATE ROUTE TransportRoute  
    WITH ADDRESS = 'TRANSPORT' ;

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