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sp_fulltext_column (Transact-SQL)

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Applies to: SQL Server Azure Synapse Analytics

Specifies whether or not a particular column of a table participates in full-text indexing.

Important

This feature will be removed in a future version of SQL Server. Avoid using this feature in new development work, and plan to modify applications that currently use this feature. Use ALTER FULLTEXT INDEX instead.

Transact-SQL syntax conventions

Syntax

sp_fulltext_column
    [ @tabname = ] N'tabname'
    , [ @colname = ] N'colname'
    , [ @action = ] 'action'
    [ , [ @language = ] language ]
    [ , [ @type_colname = ] N'type_colname' ]
[ ; ]

Arguments

[ @tabname = ] N'tabname'

A one-part or two-part table name. The table must exist in the current database. The table must have a full-text index. @tabname is nvarchar(517), with no default.

[ @colname = ] N'colname'

The name of a column in @tabname. The column must be either a character, varbinary(max), or image, and can't be a computed column. @colname is sysname, with no default.

SQL Server can create full-text indexes of text data stored in columns that are of varbinary(max) or image data type. Images and pictures aren't indexed.

[ @action = ] 'action'

The action to be performed. @action is varchar(20), with no default, and can be one of the following values.

Value Description
add Adds @colname of @tabname to the table's inactive full-text index. This action enables the column for full-text indexing.
drop Removes @colname of @tabname from the table's inactive full-text index.

[ @language = ] language

The language of the data stored in the column. @language is int, with a default of NULL. For a list of languages included in SQL Server, see sys.fulltext_languages.

Note

Use Neutral when a column contains data in multiple languages or in an unsupported language. The default is specified by the server configuration option default full-text language.

[ @type_colname = ] N'type_colname'

The name of a column in @tabname that holds the document type of @colname. This column must be char, nchar, varchar, or nvarchar. It's only used when the data type of @colname is of type varbinary(max) or image. @type_colname is sysname, with a default of NULL.

Return code values

0 (success) or 1 (failure).

Result set

None.

Remarks

If the full-text index is active, any ongoing population is stopped. Furthermore, if a table with an active full-text index has change tracking enabled, SQL Server ensures that the index is current. For example, SQL Server stops any current population on the table, drops the existing index, and starts a new population.

If change tracking is on and columns need to be added or dropped from the full-text index while preserving the index, the table should be deactivated, and the required columns should be added or dropped. These actions freeze the index. The table can be activated later when starting a population is practical.

Permissions

User must be a member of the db_ddladmin fixed database role, or a member of the db_owner fixed database role, or the owner of the table.

Examples

The following example adds the DocumentSummary column from the Document table to the full-text index of the table.

USE AdventureWorks2022;
GO
EXEC sp_fulltext_column 'Production.Document', DocumentSummary, 'add';
GO

The following example assumes you created a full-text index on a table named spanishTbl. To add the spanishCol column to the full-text index, execute the following stored procedure:

EXEC sp_fulltext_column 'spanishTbl', 'spanishCol', 'add', 0xC0A;
GO

When you run this query:

SELECT *
FROM spanishTbl
WHERE CONTAINS (spanishCol, 'formsof(inflectional, trabajar)');

The result set would include rows with different forms of trabajar (to work), such as trabajo, trabajamos, and trabajan.

Note

All columns listed in a single full-text query function clause must use the same language.

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