Writing an Internet Client Application Using MFC WinInet Classes

The basis of every Internet client application is the Internet session. MFC implements Internet sessions as objects of class CInternetSession. Using this class, you can create one Internet session or several simultaneous sessions.

To communicate with a server, you need a CInternetConnection object as well as a CInternetSession. You can create a CInternetConnection by using CInternetSession::GetFtpConnection, CInternetSession::GetHttpConnection, or CInternetSession::GetGopherConnection. Each of these calls is specific to the protocol type. These calls do not open a file on the server for reading or writing. If you intend to read or write data, you must open the file as a separate step.

For most Internet sessions, the CInternetSession object works hand-in-hand with a CInternetFile object:

• For an Internet session, you must create an instance of CInternetSession.

• If your Internet session reads or writes data, you must create an instance of CInternetFile (or its subclasses, CHttpFile or CGopherFile). The easiest way to read data is to call CInternetSession::OpenURL. This function parses a Universal Resource Locator (URL) supplied by you, opens a connection to the server specified by the URL, and returns a read-only CInternetFile object. CInternetSession::OpenURL is not specific to one protocol type — the same call works for any FTP, HTTP, or gopher URL. CInternetSession::OpenURL even works with local files (returning a CStdioFile instead of a CInternetFile).

• If your Internet session does not read or write data, but performs other tasks, such as deleting a file in an FTP directory, you may not need to create an instance of CInternetFile.

There are two ways to create a CInternetFile object:

• If you use CInternetSession::OpenURL to establish your server connection, the call to OpenURL returns a CStdioFile.

• If use CInternetSession::GetFtpConnection, GetGopherConnection, or GetHttpConnection to establish your server connection, you must call CFtpConnection::OpenFile, CGopherConnection::OpenFile, or CHttpConnection::OpenRequest, respectively, to return a CInternetFile, CGopherFile, or CHttpFile, respectively.

The steps in implementing an Internet client application vary depending on whether you create a generic Internet client based on OpenURL or a protocol-specific client using one of the GetConnection functions.

What do you want to know more about?

• How do I write an Internet client application that works generically with FTP, HTTP, and gopher?

• How do I write an FTP client application that opens a file?

• How do I write an FTP client application that does not open a file but performs a directory operation, such as deleting a file?

• How do I write a gopher client application?

• How do I write an HTTP client application?

See Also

Concepts

Win32 Internet Extensions (WinInet)

MFC Classes for Creating Internet Client Applications

Prerequisites for Internet Client Classes