prev_permutation (STL Samples)

Illustrates how to use the prev_permutation Standard Template Library (STL) function in Visual C++.

template<class BidirectionalIterator> inline
   bool prev_permutation(
      BidirectionalIterator First,
      BidirectionalIterator Last
   )

Remarks

Note

The class/parameter names in the prototype do not match the version in the header file. Some have been modified to improve readability.

The prev_permutation algorithm changes the order of the elements the range [First, Last), to the previous lexicographic permutation and returns true. If there is no prev_permutation, it arranges the sequence to be the first permutation and returns false.

Note

The prev_permutation algorithm assumes the sequence is sorted in descending order using operator<. The nonpredicate version uses the operator< to order the permutations.

Example

// prev_permutation.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
// Illustrates how to use the prev_permutation
// function.
//
// Functions:
//    prev_permutation : Change the order of the sequence to the
//                       previous lexicographic permutation.

// disable warning C4786: symbol greater than 255 character,
// okay to ignore
#pragma warning(disable: 4786)

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>

using namespace std ;

int main()
{
    const int VECTOR_SIZE = 3;

    // Define a template class vector of strings
    typedef vector<string> StrVector;

    // Define an iterator for template class vector of strings
    typedef StrVector::iterator StrVectorIt;

    // Define an ostream iterator for strings
    typedef ostream_iterator<string>
    StrOstreamIt;

    StrVector Pattern(VECTOR_SIZE);

    StrVectorIt start, end, it;

    StrOstreamIt outIt(cout, " ");

    // location of first element of Pattern
    start = Pattern.begin();

    // one past the location last element of Pattern
    end = Pattern.end();

    //Initialize vector Pattern
    Pattern[0] = "C";
    Pattern[1] = "B";
    Pattern[2] = "A";

    // print content of Pattern
    cout << "Before calling prev_permutation..." << endl << "Pattern: [";
    for (it = start; it != end; it++)
        cout << " " << *it;
    cout << " ]" << endl;

    // Generate all possible permutations
    cout << "After calling prev_permutation...." << endl;
    while ( prev_permutation(start, end) )
    {
        cout << "[ ";
        copy(start, end, outIt);
        cout << "]" << endl;
    }
}

Output

Before calling prev_permutation...
Pattern: [ C B A ]
After calling prev_permutation....
[ C A B ]
[ B C A ]
[ B A C ]
[ A C B ]
[ A B C ]

Requirements

Header: <algorithm>

See Also

Concepts

Standard Template Library Samples