Mining Model Content for Clustering Models (Analysis Services - Data Mining)

This topic describes mining model content that is specific to models that use the Microsoft Clustering algorithm. For a general explanation of mining model content for all model types, see Mining Model Content (Analysis Services - Data Mining).

Understanding the Structure of a Clustering Model

A clustering model has a simple structure. Each model has a single parent node that represents the model and its metadata, and each parent node has a flat list of clusters (NODE_TYPE = 5). This organization is shown in the following image.

Each child node represents a single cluster and contains detailed statistics about the attributes of the cases in that cluster. This includes a count of the number of cases in the cluster, and the distribution of values that distinguish the cluster from other clusters.

Note

You do not need to iterate through the nodes to get a count or description of the clusters; the model parent node also counts and lists the clusters.

The parent node contains useful statistics that describe the actual distribution of all the training cases. These statistics are found in the nested table column, NODE_DISTRIBUTION. For example, the following table shows several rows from the NODE_DISTRIBUTION table that describe the distribution of customer demographics for the clustering model, TM_Clustering, that you create in the Basic Data Mining Tutorial:

ATTRIBUTE_NAME	ATRIBUTE_VALUE	SUPPORT	PROBABILITY	VARIANCE	VALUE_TYPE
Age	Missing	0	0	0	1 (Missing)
Age	44.9016152716593	12939	1	125.663453102554	3 (Continuous)
Gender	Missing	0	0	0	1 (Missing)
Gender	F	6350	0.490764355823479	0	4 (Discrete)
Gender	M	6589	0.509235644176521	0	4 (Discrete)

From these results, you can see that there were 12939 cases used to build the model, that the ratio of males to females was about 50-50, and that the mean age was 44. The descriptive statistics vary depending on whether the attribute being reported is a continuous numeric data type, such as age, or a discrete value type, such as gender. The statistical measures mean and variance are computed for continuous data types, whereas probability and support are computed for discrete data types.

Note

The variance represents the total variance for the cluster. When the value for variance is small, it indicates that most values in the column were fairly close to the mean. To obtain the standard deviation, calculate the square root of the variance.

Note that for each of the attributes there is a Missing value type that tells you how many cases had no data for that attribute. Missing data can be significant and affects calculations in different ways, depending on the data type. For more information, see Missing Values (Analysis Services - Data Mining).

Model Content for a Clustering Model

This section provides detail and examples only for those columns in the mining model content that are relevant for clustering models.

For information about the general-purpose columns in the schema rowset, such as MODEL_CATALOG and MODEL_NAME, see Mining Model Content (Analysis Services - Data Mining).

• MODEL_CATALOG
  Name of the database where the model is stored.

• MODEL_NAME
  Name of the model.

• ATTRIBUTE_NAME
  Always blank in clustering models because there is no predictable attribute in the mode.

• NODE_NAME
  Always same as NODE_UNIQUE_NAME.

• NODE_UNIQUE_NAME
  A unique identifier for the node within the model. This value cannot be changed.

• NODE_TYPE
  A clustering model outputs the following node types:

  Node ID and Name	Description
  1 (Model)	Root node for model.
  5 (Cluster)	Contains a count of cases in the cluster, the characteristics of cases in the cluster, and statistics that describe the values in the cluster.

• NODE_CAPTION
  A friendly name for display purposes. When you create a model, the value of NODE_UNIQUE_NAME is automatically used as the caption. However, you can change the value for NODE_CAPTION to update the display name for the cluster, either programmatically or by using the viewer.

  Note

  When you reprocess the model, all name changes will be overwritten by the new values. You cannot persist names in the model, or track changes in cluster membership between different versions of a model.

• CHILDREN_CARDINALITY
  An estimate of the number of children that the node has.

  Parent node   Indicates the number of clusters in the model.

  Cluster nodes   Always 0.

• PARENT_UNIQUE_NAME
  The unique name of the node's parent.

  Parent node   Always NULL

  Cluster nodes   Usually 000.

• NODE_DESCRIPTION
  A description of the node.

  Parent node   Always (All).

  Cluster nodes   A comma-separated list of the primary attributes that distinguish the cluster from other clusters.

• NODE_RULE
  Not used for clustering models.

• MARGINAL_RULE
  Not used for clustering models.

• NODE_PROBABILITY
  The probability associated with this node. Parent node   Always 1.

  Cluster nodes   The probability represents the compound probability of the attributes, with some adjustments depending on the algorithm used to create the clustering model.

• MARGINAL_PROBABILITY
  The probability of reaching the node from the parent node. In a clustering model, the marginal probability is always the same as the node probability.

• NODE_DISTRIBUTION
  A table that contains the probability histogram of the node.

  Parent node   See the Introduction to this topic.

  Cluster nodes   Represents the distribution of attributes and values for cases that are included in this cluster.

• NODE_SUPPORT
  The number of cases that support this node. Parent node   Indicates the number of training cases for the entire model.

  Cluster nodes   Indicates the size of the cluster as a number of cases.

  Note   If the model uses K-Means clustering, each case can belong to only one cluster. However, if the model uses EM clustering, each case can belong to different cluster, and the case is assigned a weighted distance for each cluster to which it belongs. Therefore, for EM models the sum of support for an individual cluster is greater than support for the overall model.

• MSOLAP_MODEL_COLUMN
  Not used for clustering models.

• MSOLAP_NODE_SCORE
  Displays a score associated with the node.

  Parent node   The Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) score for the clustering model.

  Cluster nodes   Always 0.

• MSOLAP_NODE_SHORT_CAPTION
  A label used for display purposes. You cannot change this caption.

  Parent node   The type of model: Cluster model

  Cluster nodes   The name of the cluster. Example: Cluster 1.

Remarks

Analysis Services provides multiple methods for creating a clustering model. If you do not know which method was used to create the model that you are working with, you can retrieve the model metadata programmatically, by using an ADOMD client or AMO, or by querying the data mining schema rowset. For more information, see How to: Query the Parameters Used to Create a Mining Model.

Note

The structure and content of the model stay the same, regardless of which clustering method or parameters you use.

See Also

Concepts

Mining Model Content (Analysis Services - Data Mining)

Microsoft Clustering Algorithm

Querying Data Mining Models (Analysis Services - Data Mining)

Other Resources

Viewing a Data Mining Model