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Troubleshooting Bot Framework authentication

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APPLIES TO: SDK v3

This guide can help you to troubleshoot authentication issues with your bot by evaluating a series of scenarios to determine where the problem exists.

Note

To complete all steps in this guide, you will need to download and use the Bot Framework Emulator and must have access to the bot's registration settings in the Azure Portal.

App ID and password

Bot security is configured by the Microsoft App ID and Microsoft App Password that you obtain when you register your bot with the Bot Framework. These values are typically specified within the bot's configuration file and used to retrieve access tokens from the Microsoft Account service.

If you have not yet done so, deploy your bot to azure to obtain a Microsoft App ID and Microsoft App Password that it can use for authentication.

Note

To find your bot's AppID and AppPassword for an already deployed bot, see MicrosoftAppID and MicrosoftAppPassword.

Step 1: Disable security and test on localhost

In this step, you will verify that your bot is accessible and functional on localhost when security is disabled.

Warning

Disabling security for your bot may allow unknown attackers to impersonate users. Only implement the following procedure if you are operating in a protected debugging environment.

Disable security

To disable security for your bot, edit its configuration settings to remove the values for app ID and password.

If you're using the Bot Framework SDK for .NET, edit these settings in your Web.config file:

<appSettings>
  <add key="MicrosoftAppId" value="" />
  <add key="MicrosoftAppPassword" value="" />
</appSettings>

If you're using the Bot Framework SDK for Node.js, edit these values (or update the corresponding environment variables):

var connector = new builder.ChatConnector({
  appId: null,
  appPassword: null
});

Test your bot on localhost

Next, test your bot on localhost by using the Bot Framework Emulator.

  1. Start your bot on localhost.
  2. Start the Bot Framework Emulator.
  3. Connect to your bot using the emulator.
    • Type http://localhost:port-number/api/messages into the emulator's address bar, where port-number matches the port number shown in the browser where your application is running.
    • Ensure that the Microsoft App ID and Microsoft App Password fields are both empty.
    • Click Connect.
  4. To test connectivity to your bot, type some text into the emulator and press Enter.

If the bot responds to the input and there are no errors in the chat window, you have verified that your bot is accessible and functional on localhost when security is disabled. Proceed to Step 2.

If one or more error(s) are indicated in the chat window, click the error(s) for details. Common issues include:

  • The emulator settings specify an incorrect endpoint for the bot. Make sure you have included the proper port number in the URL and the proper path at the end of the URL (e.g., /api/messages).
  • The emulator settings specify a bot endpoint that begins with https. On localhost, the endpoint should begin with http.
  • The emulator settings specify a value for the Microsoft App ID field and/or the Microsoft App Password field. Both fields should be empty.
  • Security has not been disabled of for the bot. Verify that the bot does not specify a value for either app ID or password.

Step 2: Verify your bot's app ID and password

In this step, you will verify that the app ID and password that your bot will use for authentication are valid. (If you do not know these values, obtain them now.)

Warning

The following instructions disable SSL verification for login.microsoftonline.com. Only perform this procedure on a secure network and consider changing your application's password afterward.

Issue an HTTP request to the Microsoft login service

These instructions describe how to use cURL to issue an HTTP request to the Microsoft login service. You may use an alternative tool such as Postman, just ensure that the request conforms to the Bot Framework authentication protocol.

To verify that your bot's app ID and password are valid, issue the following request using cURL, replacing APP_ID and APP_PASSWORD with your bot's app ID and password.

Tip

Your password may contain special characters that make the following call invalid. If so, try converting your password to URL encoding.

curl -k -X POST https://login.microsoftonline.com/botframework.com/oauth2/v2.0/token -d "grant_type=client_credentials&client_id=APP_ID&client_secret=APP_PASSWORD&scope=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.botframework.com%2F.default"

This request attempts to exchange your bot's app ID and password for an access token. If the request is successful, you will receive a JSON payload that contains an access_token property, amongst others.

{"token_type":"Bearer","expires_in":3599,"ext_expires_in":0,"access_token":"eyJ0eXAJKV1Q..."}

If the request is successful, you have verified that the app ID and password that you specified in the request are valid. Proceed to Step 3.

If you receive an error in response to the request, examine the response to identify the cause of the error. If the response indicates that the app ID or the password is invalid, obtain the correct values from the Bot Framework Portal and re-issue the request with the new values to confirm that they are valid.

Step 3: Enable security and test on localhost

At this point, you have verified that your bot is accessible and functional on localhost when security is disabled and confirmed that the app ID and password that the bot will use for authentication are valid. In this step, you will verify that your bot is accessible and functional on localhost when security is enabled.

Enable security

Your bot's security relies on Microsoft services, even when your bot is running only on localhost. To enable security for your bot, edit its configuration settings to populate app ID and password with the values that you verified in Step 2. Additionally, make sure your packages are up to date, specifically System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt and Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.

If you're using the Bot Framework SDK for .NET, populate these settings in your appsettings.config or the corresponding values in your appsettings.json file:

<appSettings>
  <add key="MicrosoftAppId" value="APP_ID" />
  <add key="MicrosoftAppPassword" value="PASSWORD" />
</appSettings>

If you're using the Bot Framework SDK for Node.js, populate these settings (or update the corresponding environment variables):

var connector = new builder.ChatConnector({
  appId: 'APP_ID',
  appPassword: 'PASSWORD'
});

Note

To find your bot's AppID and AppPassword, see MicrosoftAppID and MicrosoftAppPassword.

Test your bot on localhost

Next, test your bot on localhost by using the Bot Framework Emulator.

  1. Start your bot on localhost.
  2. Start the Bot Framework Emulator.
  3. Connect to your bot using the emulator.
    • Type http://localhost:port-number/api/messages into the emulator's address bar, where port-number matches the port number shown in the browser where your application is running.
    • Enter your bot's app ID into the Microsoft App ID field.
    • Enter your bot's password into the Microsoft App Password field.
    • Click Connect.
  4. To test connectivity to your bot, type some text into the emulator and press Enter.

If the bot responds to the input and there are no errors in the chat window, you have verified that your bot is accessible and functional on localhost when security is enabled. Proceed to Step 4.

If one or more error(s) are indicated in the chat window, click the error(s) for details. Common issues include:

  • The emulator settings specify an incorrect endpoint for the bot. Make sure you have included the proper port number in the URL and the proper path at the end of the URL (e.g., /api/messages).
  • The emulator settings specify a bot endpoint that begins with https. On localhost, the endpoint should begin with http.
  • In the emulator settings, the Microsoft App ID field and/or the Microsoft App Password do not contain valid values. Both fields should be populated and each field should contain the corresponding value that you verified in Step 2.
  • Security has not been enabled for the bot. Verify that the bot configuration settings specify values for both app ID and password.

Step 4: Test your bot in the cloud

At this point, you have verified that your bot is accessible and functional on localhost when security is disabled, confirmed that your bot's app ID and password are valid, and verified that your bot is accessible and functional on localhost when security is enabled. In this step, you will deploy your bot to the cloud and verify that it is accessible and functional there with security enabled.

Deploy your bot to the cloud

The Bot Framework requires that bots be accessible from the internet, so you must deploy your bot to a cloud hosting platform such as Azure. Be sure to enable security for your bot prior to deployment, as described in Step 3.

Note

If you do not already have a cloud hosting provider, you can register for a free account..

If you deploy your bot to Azure, SSL will automatically be configured for your application, thereby enabling the HTTPS endpoint that the Bot Framework requires. If you deploy to another cloud hosting provider, be sure to verify that your application is configured for SSL so that the bot will have an HTTPS endpoint.

Test your bot

To test your bot in the cloud with security enabled, complete the following steps.

  1. Ensure that your bot has been successfully deployed and is running.
  2. Sign in to the Azure Portal.
  3. Navigate to the Bot Channels Registration for your bot within the portal.
  4. Click Test in Web Chat in the Bot management pane on the left.
  5. To test connectivity to your bot, type some text into the web chat control and press Enter.

If an error is indicated in the chat window, use the error message to determine the cause of the error. Common issues include:

  • The Messaging endpoint specified on the Settings page for your bot in the Bot Framework Portal is incorrect. Make sure you have included the proper path at the end of the URL (e.g., /api/messages).
  • The Messaging endpoint specified on the Settings page for your bot in the Bot Framework Portal does not begin with https or is not trusted by the Bot Framework. Your bot must have a valid, chain-trusted certificate.
  • The bot is configured with missing or incorrect values for app ID or password. Verify that the bot configuration settings specify valid values for app ID and password.

If the bot responds appropriately to the input, you have verified that your bot is accessible and functional in the cloud with security enabled. At this point, your bot is ready to securely connect to a channel such as Facebook Messenger, Direct Line, and others.

Additional resources

If you are still experiencing issues after completing the steps above, you can:

  • Review how-to debug a bot and the other debugging articles in that section.
  • Debug your bot in the cloud using the Bot Framework Emulator and ngrok tunnelling software. ngrok is not a Microsoft product.
  • Use a proxying tool like Fiddler to inspect HTTPS traffic to and from your bot. Fiddler is not a Microsoft product.
  • Review the Bot Connector authentication guide to learn about the authentication technologies that the Bot Framework uses.
  • Solicit help from others by using the Bot Framework support resources.