Arbeta med administrativa enheter

Artikel
11/14/2024

I den här artikeln lär du dig hur du använder Azure AD PowerShell för att arbeta med administrativa enheter. Artikeln består av skript som utgör en fullständig demo. Stegen i den här artikeln hjälper dig att:

Konfigurera en demomiljö för administrativa enheter i din katalog,
Skapa och fylla i administrativa enheter
Som #-inloggning som privilegierad rolladministratör tilldelar du roller till delegerade administratörer
Logga in som delegerad administratör för att se effekterna av föregående steg
Rensa slutligen alla objekt som vi skapade i den här demonstrationen.

Demoskript

Steg 1: Installationsskript

Kör det här skriptet först för att skapa de användare och administratörer som används senare i demonstrationen.

# Login as Privileged Role Administrator
Connect-AzureAD

### Create users we'll add as AU members later
$initialDomain = (Get-AzureADDomain)[0].Name
$passwordProfile = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.Open.AzureAD.Model.PasswordProfile -ArgumentList "Windows2000", $false
for($i = 1; $i -le 2; $i++) {
    New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "WestCoastUser$i@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "WestCoastUser$i" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "WestCoastUser$i"
    New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "EastCoastUser$i@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "EastCoastUser$i" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "EastCoastUser$i"
}

### Create admins we'll assign later to manage the users in the AUs
New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "WestCoastUserAdmin@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "WestCoastUserAdmin" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "WestCoastUserAdmin"
New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "WestCoastHelpdeskAdmin@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "WestCoastPasswordAdmin" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "WestCoastPasswordAdmin"
New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "EastCoastUserAdmin@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "EastCoastUserAdmin" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "EastCoastUserAdmin"
New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "EastCoastHelpdeskAdmin@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "EastCoastPasswordAdmin" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "EastCoastPasswordAdmin"
New-AzureADUser -UserPrincipalName "MobileUserAdmin@$initialDomain" -DisplayName "MobileUserAdmin" -PasswordProfile $passwordProfile -UsageLocation "US" -AccountEnabled $true -MailNickName "MobileUserAdmin"

### Enable the Helpdesk Administrator Role using the templateId GUID for the role
Enable-AzureADDirectoryRole -RoleTemplateId "729827e3-9c14-49f7-bb1b-9608f156bbb8"

### Enable the User Account Administrator Role using the templateId GUID for the role
Enable-AzureADDirectoryRole -RoleTemplateId "fe930be7-5e62-47db-91af-98c3a49a38b1"

Steg 2: Skapa administrativa enheter och tilldela roller

Kör det här skriptet efter installationsskriptet för att gå igenom upplevelsen av att skapa och fylla i AUs och tilldela respektive AU-begränsade användarkonton och supportadministratörer.

Connect-AzureAD

<# Simple Administrative Unit (AU) Demo

This demo walks through creating AUs for each region, adding members to those
AUs, and granting AU-scoped admin permissions. Our fictional company Contoso
has four users and two admins.  Contoso IT would like to segment admin
permissions into two regions, west coast and east coast. They will do this by
creating two AUs, West Coast and East Coast, then placing the corresponding
users into the respective AUs, and finally granting AU-scoped admin permissions
to the respective west coast and east coast admins.

#>

### List company information and users
Get-AzureADUser | ft DisplayName, UserPrincipalName

### Setup Administrative Units ######################################################
#Create West Coast AU
New-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit -Description “West Coast region” -DisplayName “West Coast”
#Create East Coast AU
New-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit -Description “East Coast region” -DisplayName “East Coast”

### Get the list of AUs
Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit | ft DisplayName, Description

### Add West Coast AU member
$westCoastAU = Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'West Coast'”
$initialDomain = (Get-AzureADDomain)[0].Name
$westCoastUser1 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'"
$westCoastUser2 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUser2@$InitialDomain'"
Add-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnitMember -Id $westCoastAU.Id -RefObjectId $westCoastUser1.ObjectId
Add-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnitMember -Id $westCoastAU.Id -RefObjectId $westCoastUser2.ObjectId
Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnitMember -Id $westCoastAU.Id

### Add East Coast AU member
$eastCoastAU = Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'East Coast'”
$eastCoastUser1 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'"
$eastCoastUser2 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUser2@$InitialDomain'"
Add-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnitMember -Id $eastCoastAU.Id -RefObjectId $eastCoastUser1.ObjectId
Add-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnitMember -Id $eastCoastAU.Id -RefObjectId $eastCoastUser2.ObjectId
Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnitMember -ObjectId $eastCoastAU.ObjectId 
###################################################################################

### Delegate Admin Permissions Scoped to Administrative Units ######################
### Get list of available roles
$admins = Get-AzureADDirectoryRole
foreach($i in $admins) {
    if($i.DisplayName -eq "User Administrator") {
        $uaAdmin = $i
        }
    if($i.DisplayName -eq "Helpdesk Administrator") {
        $helpDeskAdmin = $i
        }
    }

### Add West Coast-scoped User Account Admin role member
$westCoastUA = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUserAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
$uaRoleMemberInfo = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.Open.MSGraph.Model.MsRoleMemberInfo -Property @{Id =  $westCoastUA.Id }
Add-AzureADMSScopedRoleMembership -RoleId $uaAdmin.ObjectId -Id $westCoastAU.Id -RoleMemberInfo $uaRoleMemberInfo

### Add West Coast-scoped Helpdesk Admin role member
$westCoastHDA = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastHelpdeskAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
$hdaRoleMemberInfo = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.Open.MSGraph.Model.MsRoleMemberInfo -Property @{Id =  $westCoastHDA.Id }
Add-AzureADMSScopedRoleMembership -RoleId $helpDeskAdmin.ObjectId -Id $westCoastHDA.Id -RoleMemberInfo $hdaRoleMemberInfo

### Get list of West coast AU Admins
Get-AzureADMSScopedRoleMembership -Id $westCoastAU.Id | fl *

### Add East Coast-scoped User Account Admin role member
$eastcoastua = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUserAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
$uaRoleMemberInfo = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.Open.MSGraph.Model.MsRoleMemberInfo -Property @{Id =  $eastCoastUA.Id }
Add-AzureADMSScopedRoleMembership -RoleId $uaadmin.ObjectId -Id $eastCoastAU.Id -RoleMemberInfo $uaRoleMemberInfo

### Add East Coast-scoped Helpdesk Admin role member
$eastcoasthda = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastHelpdeskAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
$hdaRoleMemberInfo = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.Open.MSGraph.Model.MsRoleMemberInfo -Property @{Id =  $eastCoastHDA.Id }
Add-AzureADScopedRoleMembership -RoleId $helpDeskAdmin.ObjectId -Id $eastCoastAU.Id -RoleMemberInfo $hdaRoleMemberInfo

### Get list of East coast AU Admins
Get-AzureADMSScopedRoleMembership -ObjectId $eastCoastAU.ObjectId | fl *
###################################################################################

Kör det här skriptet för att gå igenom upplevelsen av att en kontoadministratör med AU-omfattning uppdaterar profilinformation, återställer lösenord och tilldelar licenser för användare i deras administrativa enhet.

### Login as AU-scoped User Account Admin (WestCoastUserAdmin@<domain>, PS: Windows2000)
Connect-AzureAD

### Get list of West Coast AU members
$westCoastAU = Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'West Coast'”
Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnitMember -Id $westCoastAU.Id

### Set department property (for example) for West Coast AU member.
$initialDomain = (Get-AzureADDomain)[0].Name
$westCoastUser1 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'"
$westCoastUser1 | ft DisplayName, UserPrincipalName, department
$westCoastUser1.Department = 'West Coast'
Set-AzureADUser -ObjectId $westCoastUser1.ObjectId -Department $westCoastUser1.Department
Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'" | ft DisplayName, UserPrincipalName, department

### Reset password for West Cosat AU member
$password = ConvertTo-SecureString -String "123Password!" -AsPlainText -Force
Set-AzureADUserPassword -ObjectId $westCoastUser1.ObjectId -Password $password

### TODO: Example of assigning license for West Coast AU member

### Get list of East Coast AU members
$eastCoastAU = Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'East Coast'”
Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnitMember -Id $eastCoastAU.Id

### Attempt to set password for user in East Coast AU. All attempts to update users who are not members of West Coast AU should result in access denied.
$eastCoastUser1 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'"
Set-AzureADUserPassword -ObjectId $eastCoastUser1.ObjectId -Password $password

Kör det här skriptet för att gå igenom upplevelsen av en AU-begränsad supportadministratör som återställer lösenord för användare i deras AU.

#Login as East Coast Helpdesk Admin (EastCoastHelpdeskAdmin@<domain>, PS: Windows2000)
Connect-AzureAD

### Get list of East Coast AU members
$eastCoastAU = Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'East Coast'”
Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnitMember -Id $eastCoastAU.Id | Get-AzureADUser

### Set password for user in East Coast AU
$eastCoastUser1 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'"
Set-AzureADUserPassword -ObjectId $eastCoastUser1.ObjectId -Password $password

### Attempt to set password for user in West Coast AU. All attempts to update users who are not members of East Coast AU should result in access denied.
$westCoastUser1 = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUser1@$InitialDomain'"
Set-AzureADUserPassword -ObjectId $westCoastUser1.ObjectId -Password $password

Rensning

Kör det här skriptet för att ta bort de skapade användarna och de administrativa enheterna.

### Login as Privileged Role Administrator
Connect-AzureAD

### Cleanup demo

### Get roles used in demo
$admins = Get-AzureADDirectoryRole
foreach($i in $admins) {
    if($i.DisplayName -eq "User Administrator") {
        $uaadmin = $i
        }
    if($i.DisplayName -eq "Helpdesk Administrator") {
        $helpdeskadmin = $i
        }
    }
#####

## Delete all scoped role memberships used in demo
$adminunits = Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit
foreach($adminunit in $adminunits) {
    $adminScopes = Get-AzureADMSScopedRoleMembership -Id $adminunit.ObjectId

    foreach($SRM in $adminScopes) {

        Remove-AzureADMSScopedRoleMembership -Id $adminunit.ObjectId -ScopedRoleMembershipId $SRM.Id
        }
    }
# Check all scoped role memberships were deleted
foreach($adminunit in $adminunits) {
    $adminScopes = Get-AzureADMSScopedRoleMembership -Id $adminunit.ObjectId
    }
####

## Delete demo Administrative Units
Get-AzureADAdministrativeUnit
$WestCoastAU = Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'West Coast'”
foreach ($au in $WestCoastAU) {
    Remove-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit –Id $au.Id
}
$eastcoastau = Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit -Filter “displayname eq 'East Coast'”
foreach ($au in $eastcoastau) {
    Remove-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit –Id $au.Id
}
Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit
####

## Delete demo AU member users
Get-AzureADUser | ft DisplayName, UserPrincipalName
$initialDomain = (Get-AzureADDomain)[0].Name
for($i = 1; $i -le 2; $i++) {
    $westcoastuser = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUser$i@$InitialDomain'"
    Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $westcoastuser.ObjectId
    $eastcoastuser = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUser$i@$InitialDomain'"
    Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $eastcoastuser.ObjectId
}
Get-AzureADUser | ft DisplayName, UserPrincipalName
####

## Delete AU admin users
$westcoastua = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastUserAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $westcoastua.ObjectId
$westcoastha = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'WestCoastHelpdeskAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $westcoastha.ObjectId
$eastcoastua = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastUserAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $eastcoastua.ObjectId
$eastcoastha = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'EastCoastHelpdeskAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $eastcoastha.ObjectId
$mobileadmin = Get-AzureADUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'MobileUserAdmin@$InitialDomain'"
Remove-AzureADUser -ObjectId $mobileadmin.ObjectId
####

Get-AzureADUser | ft DisplayName, UserPrincipalName
Get-AzureADMSAdministrativeUnit

Dela via

Arbeta med administrativa enheter

Demoskript

Steg 1: Installationsskript

Steg 2: Skapa administrativa enheter och tilldela roller

Rensning

Feedback

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Dela via

Arbeta med administrativa enheter

Demoskript

Steg 1: Installationsskript

Steg 2: Skapa administrativa enheter och tilldela roller

Steg 3: Logga in som användaradministratör

Logga in som supportadministratör

Rensning

Feedback

Ytterligare resurser