Выборка строк из результирующего набора (OLE DB)
Применимо: 
SQL Server База данных SQL Azure Управляемый экземпляр SQL Azure azure Synapse Analytics Analytics Platform System (PDW)
Этот образец показывает, как выбирать строки из результирующего набора. Этот образец не поддерживается на архитектуре IA64.
Примеры кода Transact-SQL в этой статье используют AdventureWorks2022 базу данных или AdventureWorksDW2022 пример базы данных, которую можно скачать с домашней страницы примеров и проектов сообщества Microsoft SQL Server.
Внимание
По возможности используйте аутентификацию Windows. Если проверка подлинности Windows недоступна, запросите у пользователя ввод учетных данных во время выполнения. Избегайте хранения учетных данных в файле. Если необходимо сохранить учетные данные, зашифруйте их с помощью API-интерфейса шифрования Win32.
Пример
Description
Скомпилируйте с библиотеками ole32.lib и oleaut32.lib и выполните следующий листинг кода (C++). Это приложение подключается к экземпляру SQL Server по умолчанию компьютера. В некоторых операционных системах Windows необходимо изменить (localhost) или (local) имя экземпляра SQL Server. Чтобы подключиться к именованному экземпляру, измените в строке подключения с значение L"(local)" на L"(local)\\<имя>", где <имя> обозначает именованный экземпляр. По умолчанию SQL Server Express устанавливает в именованный экземпляр. Убедитесь в том, что переменная среды INCLUDE включает каталог, содержащий файл msoledbsql.h.
Код
// compile with: ole32.lib oleaut32.lib
int InitializeAndEstablishConnection();
int ProcessResultSet();
#define UNICODE
#define _UNICODE
#define DBINITCONSTANTS
#define INITGUID
#define OLEDBVER 0x0250 // to include correct interfaces
#include <stdio.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <oledb.h>
#include <msoledbsql.h>
#include <msdadc.h> // for IDataConvert
#include <msdaguid.h> // for IDataConvert
using namespace std;
IDBInitialize* pIDBInitialize = NULL;
IDBProperties* pIDBProperties = NULL;
IDBCreateSession* pIDBCreateSession = NULL;
IDBCreateCommand* pIDBCreateCommand = NULL;
ICommandText* pICommandText = NULL;
IRowset* pIRowset = NULL;
IColumnsInfo* pIColumnsInfo = NULL;
DBCOLUMNINFO* pDBColumnInfo = NULL;
IAccessor* pIAccessor = NULL;
DBPROP InitProperties[4];
DBPROPSET rgInitPropSet[1];
ULONG i, j;
HRESULT hr;
DBROWCOUNT cNumRows = 0;
DBORDINAL lNumCols;
WCHAR* pStringsBuffer;
DBBINDING* pBindings;
DBLENGTH ConsumerBufColOffset = 0;
HACCESSOR hAccessor;
DBCOUNTITEM lNumRowsRetrieved;
HROW hRows[10];
HROW* pRows = &hRows[0];
int main() {
// The command to execute.
WCHAR* wCmdString = OLESTR("SELECT StandardCost, ListPrice FROM Production.Product WHERE ListPrice > 14.00");
// Call a function to initialize and establish connection.
if (InitializeAndEstablishConnection() == -1) {
// Handle error.
cout << "Failed to initialize and connect to the server.\n";
return -1;
}
// Create a session object.
if (FAILED(pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface( IID_IDBCreateSession,
(void**) &pIDBCreateSession))) {
cout << "Failed to obtain IDBCreateSession interface.\n";
// Handle error.
return -1;
}
if (FAILED(pIDBCreateSession->CreateSession( NULL,
IID_IDBCreateCommand,
(IUnknown**) &pIDBCreateCommand))) {
cout << "pIDBCreateSession->CreateSession failed.\n";
// Handle error.
return -1;
}
// Access the ICommandText interface.
if (FAILED(pIDBCreateCommand->CreateCommand( NULL,
IID_ICommandText,
(IUnknown**) &pICommandText))) {
cout << "Failed to access ICommand interface.\n";
// Handle error.
return -1;
}
// Use SetCommandText() to specify the command text.
if (FAILED(pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL, wCmdString))) {
cout << "Failed to set command text.\n";
// Handle error.
return -1;
}
// Execute the command.
if (FAILED(hr = pICommandText->Execute( NULL,
IID_IRowset,
NULL,
&cNumRows,
(IUnknown **) &pIRowset))) {
cout << "Failed to execute command.\n";
// Handle error.
return -1;
}
// Process the result set.
ProcessResultSet();
pIRowset->Release();
// Free up memory.
pICommandText->Release();
pIDBCreateCommand->Release();
pIDBCreateSession->Release();
if (FAILED(pIDBInitialize->Uninitialize())) {
// Uninitialize is not required, but it fails if an interface
// has not been released. This can be used for debugging.
cout << "Problem uninitializing.\n";
}
pIDBInitialize->Release();
CoUninitialize();
};
int InitializeAndEstablishConnection() {
CoInitialize(NULL);
// Obtain access to the MSOLEDBSQL provider.
hr = CoCreateInstance( CLSID_MSOLEDBSQL,
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_IDBInitialize,
(void **) &pIDBInitialize);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to get IDBInitialize interface.\n");
// Handle errors here.
return -1;
}
// Initialize the property values needed to establish the connection.
for ( i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++ )
VariantInit(&InitProperties[i].vValue);
// Server name.
InitProperties[0].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_DATASOURCE;
InitProperties[0].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
InitProperties[0].vValue.bstrVal= SysAllocString(L"(local)");
InitProperties[0].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
InitProperties[0].colid = DB_NULLID;
// Database.
InitProperties[1].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_CATALOG;
InitProperties[1].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
InitProperties[1].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"AdventureWorks");
InitProperties[1].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
InitProperties[1].colid = DB_NULLID;
InitProperties[2].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_AUTH_INTEGRATED;
InitProperties[2].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
InitProperties[2].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"SSPI");
InitProperties[2].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
InitProperties[2].colid = DB_NULLID;
// Properties are set, now construct the DBPROPSET structure (rgInitPropSet) used to pass
// an array of DBPROP structures (InitProperties) to the SetProperties method.
rgInitPropSet[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_DBINIT;
rgInitPropSet[0].cProperties = 4;
rgInitPropSet[0].rgProperties = InitProperties;
// Set initialization properties.
hr = pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface(IID_IDBProperties, (void **)&pIDBProperties);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
cout << "Failed to get IDBProperties interface.\n";
// Handle errors here.
return -1;
}
hr = pIDBProperties->SetProperties(1, rgInitPropSet);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
cout << "Failed to set initialization properties.\n";
// Handle errors here.
return -1;
}
pIDBProperties->Release();
// Now establish the connection to the data source.
if (FAILED(pIDBInitialize->Initialize())) {
cout << "Problem in establishing connection to the data"
"source.\n";
// Handle errors here.
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
// Retrieve and display data resulting from a query.
int ProcessResultSet() {
// Obtain access to the IColumnInfo interface, from the Rowset object.
hr = pIRowset->QueryInterface(IID_IColumnsInfo, (void **)&pIColumnsInfo);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
cout << "Failed to get IColumnsInfo interface.\n";
// Handle errors here.
return -1;
}
// Retrieve the column information.
pIColumnsInfo->GetColumnInfo(&lNumCols, &pDBColumnInfo, &pStringsBuffer);
// Free the column information interface.
pIColumnsInfo->Release();
// Create a DBBINDING array.
DBBINDING * p = (pBindings = new DBBINDING[lNumCols]);
if (!(p /* pBindings = new DBBINDING[lNumCols] */ ))
return -1;
// Using the ColumnInfo structure, fill out the pBindings array.
for ( j = 0 ; j < lNumCols ; j++ ) {
pBindings[j].iOrdinal = j+1;
pBindings[j].obValue = ConsumerBufColOffset;
pBindings[j].pTypeInfo = NULL;
pBindings[j].pObject = NULL;
pBindings[j].pBindExt = NULL;
pBindings[j].dwPart = DBPART_VALUE;
pBindings[j].dwMemOwner = DBMEMOWNER_CLIENTOWNED;
pBindings[j].eParamIO = DBPARAMIO_NOTPARAM;
pBindings[j].cbMaxLen = (pDBColumnInfo[j].wType == DBTYPE_WSTR) ? pDBColumnInfo[j].ulColumnSize * 2 : pDBColumnInfo[j].ulColumnSize;
pBindings[j].dwFlags = 0;
pBindings[j].wType = pDBColumnInfo[j].wType;
pBindings[j].bPrecision = pDBColumnInfo[j].bPrecision;
pBindings[j].bScale = pDBColumnInfo[j].bScale;
// Compute the next buffer offset.
ConsumerBufColOffset =
ConsumerBufColOffset + pBindings[j].cbMaxLen;
};
// Get the IAccessor interface.
hr = pIRowset->QueryInterface(IID_IAccessor, (void **) &pIAccessor);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
cout << "Failed to obtain IAccessor interface.\n";
// Handle errors here.
return -1;
}
// Create an accessor from the set of bindings (pBindings).
pIAccessor->CreateAccessor(DBACCESSOR_ROWDATA, lNumCols, pBindings, 0, &hAccessor, NULL);
// Print column names.
for ( j = 0 ; j < lNumCols ; j++ )
printf("%-40S", pDBColumnInfo[j].pwszName);
printf("\n"); // new line after the column names
// Get a set of 10 rows.
pIRowset->GetNextRows( NULL, 0, 10, &lNumRowsRetrieved, &pRows);
// Allocate space for the row buffer.
BYTE * pBuffer = new BYTE[ConsumerBufColOffset];
if (!(pBuffer /* = new BYTE[ConsumerBufColOffset] */ )) {
// Free up all allocated memory.
pIAccessor->ReleaseAccessor(hAccessor, NULL);
pIAccessor->Release();
delete [] pBindings;
return 0;
}
// Create an instance of the data conversion library to convert DBTYPE_CY to string for display
IDataConvert* pIDataConvert;
CoCreateInstance(CLSID_OLEDB_CONVERSIONLIBRARY,
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_IDataConvert,
(void**)&pIDataConvert);
// variables used in DataConvert
DBLENGTH cbDstLength;
DBSTATUS dbsStatus;
char strCurrency0[25];
char strCurrency1[25];
// Display the rows.
while ( lNumRowsRetrieved > 0 ) {
// For each row, print the column data.
for ( j = 0 ; j < lNumRowsRetrieved ; j++ ) {
// Clear the buffer.
memset(pBuffer, 0, ConsumerBufColOffset);
// Get the row data values.
pIRowset->GetData(hRows[j], hAccessor, pBuffer);
// Convert DBTYPE_CY values to string
pIDataConvert->DataConvert(DBTYPE_CY, // wSrcType
DBTYPE_STR, // wDstType
sizeof(LARGE_INTEGER), // cbSrcLength
&cbDstLength, // pcbDstLength
&pBuffer[pBindings[0].obValue], // pSrc
strCurrency0, // pDst
sizeof(strCurrency0), //cbDstMaxLength
DBSTATUS_S_OK, // dbsSrcStatus
&dbsStatus, // pdbsStatus
0, // bPrecision (used for DBTYPE_NUMERIC only)
0, // bScale (used for DBTYPE_NUMERIC only)
DBDATACONVERT_DEFAULT); // dwFlags
pIDataConvert->DataConvert(DBTYPE_CY, // wSrcType
DBTYPE_STR, // wDstType
sizeof(LARGE_INTEGER), // cbSrcLength
&cbDstLength, // pcbDstLength
&pBuffer[pBindings[1].obValue], // pSrc
strCurrency1, // pDst
sizeof(strCurrency1), // cbDstMaxLength
DBSTATUS_S_OK, // dbsSrcStatus
&dbsStatus, // pdbsStatus
0, // bPrecision (used for DBTYPE_NUMERIC only)
0, // bScale (used for DBTYPE_NUMERIC only)
DBDATACONVERT_DEFAULT); // dwFlags
// Print cost and price values.
printf("%-40s%s\n", strCurrency0, strCurrency1); //sparra
};
// Release the rows retrieved.
pIRowset->ReleaseRows(lNumRowsRetrieved, hRows, NULL, NULL, NULL);
// Get the next set of 10 rows.
pIRowset->GetNextRows(NULL, 0, 10, &lNumRowsRetrieved, &pRows);
}
// Free up all allocated memory.
delete [] pBuffer;
pIAccessor->ReleaseAccessor(hAccessor, NULL);
pIAccessor->Release();
delete [] pBindings;
return 0;
}