Como configurar NLB em maquinas virtuais (Virtual Machine) a correr em ambientes Hyper-V:
NLB is supported in Hyper- V
How to configure NLB in Hyper- V,
Network Load Balancing (NLB) and Virtual Machines
A lot of people have asked about setting up NLB clusters on virtual machines. This is possible. But, there a few things to keep in mind.
If you’re trying to create NLB clusters using Virtual Server Virtual Machines, before designing your solution familiarize yourself with the supported configurations. Refer to https://support.microsoft.com/kb/925476 for details on which configurations are supported.
1:
If you’re trying to create NLB clusters using Hyper-V Virtual Machines with Windows Server 2008 RTM (not R2) host(s), there are a few things to be aware of (more details at https://support.microsoft.com/kb/953828):
1- Apply the fix in the KB article to each of the Windows Server 2008 VM guests that are cluster nodes. Note that this fix will be included in Windows Server 2008 SP2.
2- NLB changes the MAC address of the machine when you bind NLB on a node, change the operation mode of the cluster, change the primary IP of the cluster, or unbind NLB from the node. Hyper-V in Windows Server 2008 requires a reboot of the VM if its MAC address is changed. The KB article describes the process to follow to create a new cluster or add nodes to a cluster using Hyper-V VMs.
2:
If you’re trying to create NLB clusters using Hyper-V Virtual Machines with Windows Server 2008 R2 host(s), there a few things to be aware of:
1- Enable MAC spoofing for the virtual network used by NLB in the guests. This can be done from the Network Adapter settings on each VM that is participating in a cluster as a node. You can create NLB clusters, add nodes, and update NLB cluster configurations without having to reboot the VMs at all.
2- If the VM guest is Windows Server 2008 (not R2) and it is an NLB cluster node, you will need to apply the fix at https://support.microsoft.com/kb/953828 (or use SP2). This is not applicable if your guest is Windows Server 2008 R2 or Windows Server 2008 SP2 (you do not need to apply the fix).
3- When you apply SP2 to the VM guest running Windows Server 2008, make sure you upgrade the integration services for that VM. This can be done by connecting to the VM, selecting Action from the menu, selecting “Insert Integration Services Setup Disk”, and then following the steps in the VM.
3:
To create a new NLB cluster, follow these steps:
1. Open Network Load Balancing Manager. To do this, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Network Load Balancing Manager.
2. In the console tree, right-click Network Load Balancing Clusters, and then click New Cluster.
3. In the Host box, type the computer name of the virtual machine that will be the new host, and then click Connect.
4. In the Interfaces available for configuring a new cluster list, select a network adapter for the NLB cluster, and then click Next.
Note If you have not defined a static IP address for the selected interface, you will be prompted to define a static IP address on the next screen.
5. On the New Cluster: Cluster IP Addresses screen, define the virtual IP address for the NLB cluster, note the MAC address in the Network Address property, and then click Next.
Note You will use this MAC address in step 11.
6. Under Cluster operation mode, click Unicast, and then click Next.
7. Complete the rest of the NLB configuration, and then shut down the virtual machine.
Note In this step, the NLB host still does not converge. If you start the virtual machine, you may receive the following error message:
The bind operation was successful but nlb is not responding to Queries
8. On the host computer, open Hyper-V Manager. To do this, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Hyper-V Manager.
9. In the details pane, under Virtual Machines, right-click the virtual machine that you want to configure, and then click Settings.
10. In the navigation pane, click the network adapter that you use for the NLB cluster.
11. In the details pane, click Static under Mac Address, and then specify the MAC address that you noted in step 5.
12. Start the virtual machine.
13. Open Network Load Balancing Manager.
14. In the console tree, expand Network Load Balancing Clusters, right-click the NLB host, and then click Host Properties.
15. Click OK to begin the NLB configuration process. The NLB configuration process adds the virtual IP address of the cluster to the TCP/IP properties of the network adapter.
To add the virtual machine to an existing NLB cluster, follow these steps:
1. Open Network Load Balancing Manager. To do this, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Network Load Balancing Manager.
2. In the console tree, right-click Network Load Balancing Clusters, and then click Connect to Existing.
3. In the Host box, type the computer name of the virtual machine that is part of the existing NLB cluster, and then click Connect.
4. Right-click the cluster, click Cluster Parameters, note the MAC address in the Network Address property, and then click Cancel.
Note You will use this MAC address in step 12.
5. Right-click the NLB cluster, and then click Add Host To Cluster.
6. Specify the name of the new host, and then click Connect. The network adapters that are available for the host are listed at the bottom of the dialog box.
7. Click the network adapter that you want to use for Network Load Balancing, and then click Next. The IP address that is configured on this network adapter is the dedicated IP address for this host.
8. Complete the rest of the NLB configuration, and then shut down the virtual machine.
Note In this step, the NLB host still does not converge. If you start the virtual machine, you may receive the following error message:
The bind operation was successful but nlb is not responding to Queries
9. On the host computer, open Hyper-V Manager. To do this, click Start, point to Administrative Tools, and then click Hyper-V Manager.
10. In the details pane, under Virtual Machines, right-click the virtual machine that you want to configure, and then click Settings.
11. In the navigation pane, click the network adapter that you use for the NLB cluster.
12. In the details pane, click Static under Mac Address, and then specify the MAC address that you noted in step 4.
13. Start the virtual machine.
14. Open Network Load Balancing Manager.
15. In the console tree, expand Network Load Balancing Clusters, right-click the NLB host, and then click Host Properties.
16. Click OK to begin the NLB configuration process. The NLB configuration process adds the virtual IP address of the cluster to the TCP/IP properties of the network adapter.
Notes
- You must update the Hyper-V configuration static MAC address by using the instructions that are described here when one of the following events occurs:
- The primary cluster IP address of the NLB cluster changes.
- The mode of operation for the NLB cluster changes.
- These steps assume that the Network Load Balancing feature is installed. For more information about how to install and how to configure NLB, visit the following Microsoft Web site:
https://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/library/d7c4efd2-3cf0-4b3d-9207-4746cab1f9aa1033.mspx (https://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/library/d7c4efd2-3cf0-4b3d-9207-4746cab1f9aa1033.mspx)
Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V virtual machines generate a Stop error when NLB is configured or when the NLB cluster does not converge as expected