Walkthrough: Creating a Ribbon Application By Using MFC
This walkthrough shows how to use the MFC Application Wizard to create an application that has a ribbon by default. You can then expand the ribbon by adding a Custom ribbon category that has a Favorites ribbon panel, and then adding some frequently used commands to the panel.
Prerequisites
This walkthrough assumes that you have set Visual Studio to use General Development Settings. If you are using different settings, some of the user interface (UI) elements that are referenced in the following instructions might not be displayed. For information about how to change settings, see How to: Reset Your Settings.
To create an MFC application that has a ribbon
Use the MFC Application Wizard to create an MFC application that has a ribbon. To run the wizard, on the File menu, point to New, and then click Project.
In the New Project dialog box, expand the Visual C++ node under Installed Templates, select MFC, and then select MFC Application. Type a name for the project, for example, MFCRibbonApp, and then click OK.
On the first page of the MFC Application Wizard, click Next.
On the Application Type page, under Visual style and colors, select Office 2007 (Blue theme). Leave the other settings as they are. Click Next.
On the Compound Document Support page, make sure that None is selected and then click Next.
On the Document Template Properties page, in the File extension box, type a file name extension for documents that this application creates, for example, mfcrbnapp. Click Next.
On the Database Support page, make sure that None is selected and then click Next.
On the User Interface Features page, make sure that Use a ribbon is selected. Click Next.
By default, the MFC Application Wizard adds support for several docking panes. Because this walkthrough just teaches about the ribbon, you can remove these options from the application. On the Advanced Features page, clear all options. Click Next.
On the Generated Classes page, click Finish to create the MFC application.
To verify that the application was created successfully, build it and run it. To build the application, on the Build menu, click Build Solution. If the application builds successfully, run it by clicking Start Debugging on the Debug menu.
The wizard automatically creates a ribbon that has one ribbon category that is named Home. This ribbon contains three ribbon panels, which are named Clipboard, View, and Window.
To add a category and panel to the ribbon
To open the ribbon resource that the wizard created, on the View menu, point to Other Windows and then click Resource View. In Resource View, click Ribbon and then double-click IDR_RIBBON.
First, add a custom category to the ribbon by double-clicking Category in the Toolbox.
A category that has the caption Category1 is created. By default, the category contains one panel.
Right-click Category1 and then click Properties. In the Properties window, change Caption to Custom.
The Large Images and Small Images properties specify the bitmaps that are used as icons for the ribbon elements in this category. Because creating custom bitmaps is beyond the scope of this walkthrough, just reuse the bitmaps that were created by the wizard. Small bitmaps are 16 pixels by 16 pixels. For small images, use the bitmaps that are accessed by the IDB_FILESMALL resource ID. Large bitmaps are 32 pixels by 32 pixels. For large images, use the bitmaps that are accessed by the IDB_FILELARGE resource ID.
Observação
On high dots per inch (HDPI) displays, the HDPI versions of the images are automatically used.
Next, customize the panel. Panels are used to group items that are logically related to one another. For example, on the Home tab of this application, the Cut, Copy, and Paste commands are all located on the Clipboard panel. To customize the panel, right-click Panel1 and then click Properties. In the Properties window, change Caption to Favorites.
You can specify the Image Index for the panel. This number specifies the icon that is displayed if the ribbon panel is added to the Quick Access Toolbar. The icon is not displayed on the ribbon panel itself.
To verify that the ribbon category and panel were created successfully, preview the ribbon control. On the Ribbon Editor Toolbar, click the Test Ribbon button. A Custom tab and Favorites panel should be displayed on the ribbon.
To add elements to the ribbon panels
To add elements to the panel that you created in the previous procedure, drag controls from the Ribbon Editor section of the Toolbox to the panel in the design view.
First, add a Print button. The Print button will have a submenu that contains a Quick Print command that prints by using the default printer. Both of these commands are already defined for this application. They are located on the application menu.
To create the Print button, drag a Button tool to the panel.
In the Properties window, change the ID property to ID_FILE_PRINT, which should already be defined. Change Caption to Print. Change Image Index to 4.
To create the Quick Print button, click the property value column next to Menu Items, and then click the ellipsis (...). In the Items Editor, click the unlabeled Add button to create a menu item. In the Properties window, change Caption to Quick Print, ID to ID_FILE_PRINT_DIRECT, and Image to 5. The image property specifies the Quick Print icon in the IDB_FILESMALL bitmap resource.
To verify that the buttons were added to the ribbon panel, build the application and run it. To build the application, on the Build menu, click Build Solution. If the application builds successfully, run the application by clicking Start Debugging on the Debug menu. The Print button and the combo box on the Favorites panel on the Custom tab on the ribbon should be displayed.
Next Steps
How to: Customize the Quick Access Toolbar
How to: Customize the Application Button
For end-to-end samples, see Samples (MFC Feature Pack).
See Also
Other Resources
Change History
Date |
History |
Reason |
|---|---|---|
|
May 2010 |
Clarified some of the steps. |
Information enhancement. |