SUM (Transact-SQL)
Returns the sum of all the values, or only the DISTINCT values, in the expression. SUM can be used with numeric columns only. Null values are ignored. May be followed by the OVER clause.
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Transact-SQL Syntax Conventions
Syntax
SUM ( [ ALL | DISTINCT ] expression )
Arguments
- ALL
Applies the aggregate function to all values. ALL is the default.
- DISTINCT
Specifies that SUM return the sum of unique values.
- expression
Is a constant, column, or function, and any combination of arithmetic, bitwise, and string operators. expression is an expression of the exact numeric or approximate numeric data type category, except for the bit data type. Aggregate functions and subqueries are not permitted. For more information, see Expressions (Transact-SQL).
Return Types
Returns the summation of all expression values in the most precise expression data type.
| Expression result | Return type |
|---|---|
integer category |
int |
decimal category (p, s) |
decimal(38, s) |
money and smallmoney category |
money |
float and real category |
float |
Important
Distinct aggregates, for example AVG(DISTINCT column_name), COUNT(DISTINCT column_name), MAX(DISTINCT column_name), MIN(DISTINCT column_name), and SUM(DISTINCT column_name), are not supported when CUBE or ROLLUP are used. If used, the SQL Server 2005 Database Engine returns an error message and cancels the query.
Examples
A. Using SUM for aggregates and row aggregates
The following examples show the differences between aggregate functions and row aggregate functions. The first shows aggregate functions giving only the summary data, and the second shows row aggregate functions giving both the detail and summary data.
USE AdventureWorks;
GO
SELECT Color, SUM(ListPrice), SUM(StandardCost)
FROM Production.Product
WHERE Color IS NOT NULL AND ListPrice != 0.00 AND Name LIKE 'Mountain%'
GROUP BY Color
ORDER BY Color;
GO
Here is the result set.
Color
--------------- --------------------- ---------------------
Black 27404.84 15214.9616
Silver 26462.84 14665.6792
White 19.00 6.7926
(3 row(s) affected)
USE AdventureWorks;
GO
SELECT Color, ListPrice, StandardCost
FROM Production.Product
WHERE Color IS NOT NULL AND ListPrice != 0.00 AND Name LIKE 'Mountain%'
ORDER BY Color
COMPUTE SUM(ListPrice), SUM(StandardCost) BY Color;
GO
Here is the result set.
Color ListPrice StandardCost
--------------- --------------------- ---------------------
Black 2294.99 1251.9813
Black 2294.99 1251.9813
Black 2294.99 1251.9813
Black 1079.99 598.4354
Black 1079.99 598.4354
Black 1079.99 598.4354
Black 1079.99 598.4354
Black 3374.99 1898.0944
Black 3374.99 1898.0944
Black 3374.99 1898.0944
Black 3374.99 1898.0944
Black 539.99 294.5797
Black 539.99 294.5797
Black 539.99 294.5797
Black 539.99 294.5797
Black 539.99 294.5797
sum sum
--------------------- ---------------------
27404.84 15214.9616
Color ListPrice StandardCost
--------------- --------------------- ---------------------
Silver 2319.99 1265.6195
Silver 2319.99 1265.6195
Silver 2319.99 1265.6195
Silver 3399.99 1912.1544
Silver 3399.99 1912.1544
Silver 3399.99 1912.1544
Silver 3399.99 1912.1544
Silver 769.49 419.7784
Silver 769.49 419.7784
Silver 769.49 419.7784
Silver 769.49 419.7784
Silver 564.99 308.2179
Silver 564.99 308.2179
Silver 564.99 308.2179
Silver 564.99 308.2179
Silver 564.99 308.2179
sum sum
--------------------- ---------------------
26462.84 14665.6792
Color ListPrice StandardCost
--------------- --------------------- ---------------------
White 9.50 3.3963
White 9.50 3.3963
sum sum
--------------------- ---------------------
19.00 6.7926
(37 row(s) affected)
B. Calculating group totals with more than one column
The following example calculates the sum of the ListPrice and StandardCost for each color listed in the Product table.
USE AdventureWorks;
GO
SELECT Color, SUM(ListPrice), SUM(StandardCost)
FROM Production.Product
GROUP BY Color
ORDER BY Color
GO
Here is the result set.
Color
--------------- --------------------- ---------------------
NULL 4182.32 2238.4755
Black 67436.26 38636.5002
Blue 24015.66 14746.1464
Grey 125.00 51.5625
Multi 478.92 272.2542
Red 53274.10 32610.7661
Silver 36563.13 20060.0483
Silver/Black 448.13 198.97
White 36.98 13.5172
Yellow 34527.29 21507.6521
(10 row(s) affected)
See Also
Reference
Aggregate Functions (Transact-SQL)
OVER Clause (Transact-SQL)