GRANT Server Permissions (Transact-SQL)

Grants permissions on a server.

Transact-SQL Syntax Conventions

Syntax

GRANT permission [ ,...n ] 
    TO <grantee_principal> [ ,...n ] [ WITH GRANT OPTION ]
    [ AS <grantor_principal> ]

<grantee_principal> ::= SQL_Server_login 
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_login
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_group
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_certificate
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_asymmetric_key

<grantor_principal> ::= SQL_Server_login 
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_login
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_group
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_certificate
    | SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_asymmetric_key

Arguments

• permission
  Specifies a permission that can be granted on a server. For a list of the permissions, see the Remarks section later in this topic.

• TO <grantee_principal>
  Specifies the principal to which the permission is being granted.

• AS <grantor_principal>
  Specifies the principal from which the principal executing this query derives its right to grant the permission.

• WITH GRANT OPTION
  Indicates that the principal will also be given the ability to grant the specified permission to other principals.

• SQL_Server_login
  Specifies a SQL Server login.

• SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_login
  Specifies a SQL Server login mapped to a Windows login.

• SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_Windows_group
  Specifies a SQL Server login mapped to a Windows group.

• SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_certificate
  Specifies a SQL Server login mapped to a certificate.

• SQL_Server_login_mapped_to_asymmetric_key
  Specifies a SQL Server login mapped to an asymmetric key.

Remarks

Permissions at the server scope can be granted only when the current database is master.

Information about server permissions is visible in the sys.server_permissions catalog view, and information about server principals is visible in the sys.server_principals catalog view. Information about membership of server roles is visible in the sys.server_role_members catalog view.

A server is the highest level of the permissions hierarchy. The most specific and limited permissions that can be granted on a server are listed in the following table.

Server permission	Implied by server permission
ADMINISTER BULK OPERATIONS	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY CONNECTION	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY CREDENTIAL	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY DATABASE	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY ENDPOINT	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY EVENT NOTIFICATION	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY LINKED SERVER	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER ANY LOGIN	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER RESOURCES	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER SERVER STATE	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER SETTINGS	CONTROL SERVER
ALTER TRACE	CONTROL SERVER
AUTHENTICATE SERVER	CONTROL SERVER
CONNECT SQL	CONTROL SERVER
CONTROL SERVER	CONTROL SERVER
CREATE ANY DATABASE	ALTER ANY DATABASE
CREATE DDL EVENT NOTIFICATION	ALTER ANY EVENT NOTIFICATION
CREATE ENDPOINT	ALTER ANY ENDPOINT
CREATE TRACE EVENT NOTIFICATION	ALTER ANY EVENT NOTIFICATION
EXTERNAL ACCESS ASSEMBLY	CONTROL SERVER
SHUTDOWN	CONTROL SERVER
UNSAFE ASSEMBLY	CONTROL SERVER
VIEW ANY DATABASE	VIEW ANY DEFINITION
VIEW ANY DEFINITION	CONTROL SERVER
VIEW SERVER STATE	ALTER SERVER STATE

Permissions

The grantor (or the principal specified with the AS option) must have either the permission itself with GRANT OPTION or a higher permission that implies the permission being granted. Members of the sysadmin fixed server role can grant any permission.

Examples

A. Granting a permission to a login

The following example grants CONTROL SERVER permission to the SQL Server login TerryEminhizer.

USE master;
GRANT CONTROL SERVER TO TerryEminhizer;
GO

B. Granting a permission that has GRANT permission

The following example grants ALTER ANY EVENT NOTIFICATION to SQL Server login JanethEsteves with the right to grant that permission to another login.

USE master;
GRANT ALTER ANY EVENT NOTIFICATION TO JanethEsteves WITH GRANT OPTION;
GO

See Also

Reference

GRANT (Transact-SQL)
DENY (Transact-SQL)
DENY Server Permissions (Transact-SQL)
REVOKE Server Permissions (Transact-SQL)

Other Resources

Permissions Hierarchy
Principals
Permissions

Help and Information

Getting SQL Server 2005 Assistance