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Como usar os scripts do PowerShell com o provedor de ponte WMI

Este artigo aborda a utilização de scripts de Cmdlets do PowerShell para configurar as definições de política por utilizador e por dispositivo e como invocar métodos através do Fornecedor de Bridge WMI.

Configurar as definições de política por dispositivo

Esta secção fornece um script de exemplo do Cmdlet do PowerShell para configurar as definições por dispositivo através do Fornecedor de Bridge WMI. Se uma classe suportar as definições do dispositivo, tem de existir um qualificador de nível de classe definido para InPartition("local-system").

Para todas as definições do dispositivo, o cliente da Ponte WMI tem de ser executado sob o utilizador do sistema local. Para tal, transfira a ferramenta psexec de https://technet.microsoft.com/sysinternals/bb897553.aspx e execute psexec.exe -i -s cmd.exe a partir de uma linha de comandos de administração elevada.

O exemplo de script nesta secção utiliza a classe MDM_Policy_Config01_WiFi02:

[dynamic, provider("DMWmiBridgeProv"), InPartition("local-system")]
class MDM_Policy_Config01_WiFi02
{
  string InstanceID;
  string ParentID;
  sint32 AllowInternetSharing;
  sint32 AllowAutoConnectToWiFiSenseHotspots;
  sint32 WLANScanMode;
};

O script seguinte descreve como criar, enumerar, consultar, modificar e eliminar instâncias.

$namespaceName = "root\cimv2\mdm\dmmap"
$className = "MDM_Policy_Config01_WiFi02"

# Create a new instance for MDM_Policy_Config01_WiFi02
New-CimInstance -Namespace $namespaceName -ClassName $className -Property @{ParentID="./Vendor/MSFT/Policy/Config";InstanceID="WiFi";AllowInternetSharing=1;AllowAutoConnectToWiFiSenseHotspots=0;WLANScanMode=100}

# Enumerate all instances available for MDM_Policy_Config01_WiFi02
Get-CimInstance -Namespace $namespaceName -ClassName $className

# Query instances with matching properties
Get-CimInstance -Namespace $namespaceName -ClassName $className -Filter "ParentID='./Vendor/MSFT/Policy/Config' and InstanceID='WiFi'"

# Modify existing instance
$obj = Get-CimInstance -Namespace $namespaceName -ClassName $className -Filter "ParentID='./Vendor/MSFT/Policy/Config' and InstanceID='WiFi'"
$obj.WLANScanMode=500
Set-CimInstance -CimInstance $obj

# Delete existing instance
try
{
    $obj = Get-CimInstance -Namespace $namespaceName -ClassName $className -Filter "ParentID='./Vendor/MSFT/Policy/Config' and InstanceID='WiFi'"
    Remove-CimInstance -CimInstance $obj
}
catch [Exception]
{
    write-host $_ | out-string
}

Configurar as definições por utilizador

Esta secção fornece um script de exemplo do Cmdlet do PowerShell para configurar as definições por utilizador através da Ponte WMI. Se uma classe suportar as definições de utilizador, tem de existir um qualificador de nível de classe definido para InPartition("local-user").

O exemplo de script nesta secção utiliza a classe MDM_Policy_User_Config01_Authentication02:

[dynamic, provider("DMWmiBridgeProv"), InPartition("local-user")]
class MDM_Policy_User_Config01_Authentication02
{
  string InstanceID;
  string ParentID;
  sint32 AllowEAPCertSSO;
};

Observação

Se o utilizador com sessão iniciada atualmente estiver a tentar aceder ou modificar as definições de utilizador por si próprio, é muito mais fácil utilizar o script de definições por dispositivo da secção anterior. Todos os cmdlets do PowerShell têm de ser executados numa linha de comandos de administração elevada.

Se aceder ou modificar as definições de um utilizador diferente, o script do PowerShell é mais complicado porque a Ponte WMI espera que o SID do utilizador seja definido no Contexto Personalizado do MI, o que não é suportado nos cmdlets nativos do PowerShell.

Observação

Todos os comandos têm de ser executados no sistema local.

O comando wmic useraccount get name, sid do Windows pode ser utilizado para obter o SID do utilizador. O exemplo de script seguinte pressupõe que o SID do utilizador é S-1-5-21-4017247134-4237859428-3008104844-1001.

$namespaceName = "root\cimv2\mdm\dmmap"
$className = "MDM_Policy_User_Config01_Authentication02"

# Configure CIM operation options with target user info
$options = New-Object Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.Options.CimOperationOptions
$options.SetCustomOption("PolicyPlatformContext_PrincipalContext_Type", "PolicyPlatform_UserContext", $false)
$options.SetCustomOption("PolicyPlatformContext_PrincipalContext_Id", "S-1-5-21-4017247134-4237859428-3008104844-1001", $false)

# Construct session used for all operations
$session = New-CimSession

##########################################################################
# Create a new instance for MDM_Policy_User_Config01_Authentication02
##########################################################################
$newInstance = New-Object Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimInstance $className, $namespaceName
$property = [Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimProperty]::Create("ParentID", './Vendor/MSFT/Policy/Config', "string", "Key")
$newInstance.CimInstanceProperties.Add($property)
$property = [Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimProperty]::Create("InstanceID", 'Authentication', "String", "Key")
$newInstance.CimInstanceProperties.Add($property)
$property = [Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimProperty]::Create("AllowEAPCertSSO", 1, "Sint32", "Property")
$newInstance.CimInstanceProperties.Add($property)
try
{
    $session.CreateInstance($namespaceName, $newInstance, $options)
}
catch [Exception]
{
    write-host $_ | out-string
}

##########################################################################
# Enumerate all instances for MDM_Policy_User_Config01_Authentication02
##########################################################################
$session.EnumerateInstances($namespaceName, $className, $options)

##########################################################################
# Query instance for MDM_Policy_User_Config01_Authentication02
# with matching properties
##########################################################################
$getInstance = New-Object Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimInstance $className, $namespaceName
$property = [Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimProperty]::Create("ParentID", './Vendor/MSFT/Policy/Config', "string", "Key")
$getInstance.CimInstanceProperties.Add($property)
$property = [Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimProperty]::Create("InstanceID", 'Authentication', "String", "Key")
$getInstance.CimInstanceProperties.Add($property)
try
{
    $session.GetInstance($namespaceName, $getInstance, $options)
}
catch [Exception]
{
    write-host $_ | out-string
}

##########################################################################
# Modify existing instance for MDM_Policy_User_Config01_Authentication02
##########################################################################
$getInstance = New-Object Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimInstance $className, $namespaceName
$property = [Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimProperty]::Create("ParentID", './Vendor/MSFT/Policy/Config', "string", "Key")
$getInstance.CimInstanceProperties.Add($property)
$property = [Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimProperty]::Create("InstanceID", 'Authentication', "String", "Key")
$getInstance.CimInstanceProperties.Add($property)
try
{
    $updateInstance = $session.GetInstance($namespaceName, $getInstance, $options)[0]
    $updateInstance.AllowEAPCertSSO = 0
    $session.ModifyInstance($namespaceName, $updateInstance, $options)
}
catch [Exception]
{
    write-host $_ | out-string
}

##########################################################################
# Delete existing instance for MDM_Policy_User_Config01_Authentication02
##########################################################################
$getInstance = New-Object Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimInstance $className, $namespaceName
$property = [Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimProperty]::Create("ParentID", './Vendor/MSFT/Policy/Config', "string", "Key")
$getInstance.CimInstanceProperties.Add($property)
$property = [Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimProperty]::Create("InstanceID", 'Authentication', "String", "Key")
$getInstance.CimInstanceProperties.Add($property)
try
{
    $deleteInstance = $session.GetInstance($namespaceName, $getInstance, $options)[0]
    $session.DeleteInstance($namespaceName, $deleteInstance, $options)
}
catch [Exception]
{
    write-host $_ | out-string
}

Invocar métodos

Esta secção fornece um script de exemplo do Cmdlet do PowerShell para invocar um método de objeto da Bridge WMI. O script seguinte tem de ser executado no utilizador do sistema local. Para tal, transfira a ferramenta psexec de https://technet.microsoft.com/sysinternals/bb897553.aspx e execute psexec.exe -i -s cmd.exe a partir de uma linha de comandos de administração elevada.

O exemplo de script nesta secção utiliza o método UpgradeEditionWithProductKeyMethod da classe MDM_WindowsLicensing .

$namespaceName = "root\cimv2\mdm\dmmap"
$className = "MDM_WindowsLicensing"
$methodName = "UpgradeEditionWithProductKeyMethod"
$fakeProductKey = "7f1a3659-3fa7-4c70-93ce-0d354e8e158e"

$session = New-CimSession

$params = New-Object Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimMethodParametersCollection
$param = [Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimMethodParameter]::Create("param", $fakeProductKey, "String", "In")
$params.Add($param)

try
{
    $instance = Get-CimInstance -Namespace $namespaceName -ClassName $className -Filter "ParentID='./Vendor/MSFT' and InstanceID='WindowsLicensing'"
    $session.InvokeMethod($namespaceName, $instance, $methodName, $params)
}
catch [Exception]
{
    write-host $_ | out-string
}

Provedor de Ponte WMI