basic_string::rfind

Searches a string in a backward direction for the first occurrence of a substring that matches a specified sequence of characters.

size_type rfind(
    value_type _Ch, 
    size_type _Off = npos
) const;
size_type rfind(
    const value_type* _Ptr,
    size_type _Off = npos
) const;
size_type rfind(
    const value_type* _Ptr, 
    size_type _Off,
    size_type _Count
) const;
size_type rfind(
    const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Str,
    size_type _Off = npos
) const;

Parameters

• _Ch
  The character value for which the member function is to search.

• _Off
  Index of the position at which the search is to begin.

• _Ptr
  The C-string for which the member function is to search.

• _Count
  The number of characters, counting forward from the first character, in the C-string for which the member function is to search.

• _Str
  The string for which the member function is to search.

Return Value

The index of the last occurrence, when searched backwards, of the first character of the substring when successful; otherwise npos.

Example

// basic_string_rfind.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <string>
#include <iostream>

int main( )
{
   using namespace std;

   // The first member function
   // searches for a single character in a string
   string str1 ( "Hello Everyone" );
   cout << "The original string str1 is: " << str1 << endl;
   basic_string <char>::size_type indexCh1a, indexCh1b;
   static const basic_string <char>::size_type npos = -1;

   indexCh1a = str1.rfind ( "e" , 9 );
   if ( indexCh1a != npos )
      cout << "The index of the 1st 'e' found before the 9th"
           << " position in str1 is: " << indexCh1a << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'e' was not found in str1 ." << endl;

   indexCh1b = str1.rfind ( "x" );
   if ( indexCh1b != npos )
      cout << "The index of the 'x' found in str1 is: "
           << indexCh1b << endl << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'x' was not found in str1."
           << endl << endl;

   // The second member function searches a string
   // for a substring as specified by a C-string
   string str2 ( "Let me make this perfectly clear." );
   cout << "The original string str2 is: " << str2 << endl;
   basic_string <char>::size_type indexCh2a, indexCh2b;

   const char *cstr2 = "perfect";
   indexCh2a = str2.rfind ( cstr2 , 30 );
   if ( indexCh2a != npos )
      cout << "The index of the 1st element of 'perfect' "
           << "before\n the 30th position in str2 is: "
           << indexCh2a << endl;
   else
      cout << "The substring 'perfect' was not found in str2 ."
           << endl;

   const char *cstr2b = "imperfectly";
   indexCh2b = str2.rfind ( cstr2b , 30 );
   if ( indexCh2b != npos )
      cout << "The index of the 1st element of 'imperfect' "
           << "before\n the 5th position in str3 is: "
           << indexCh2b << endl;
   else
      cout << "The substring 'imperfect' was not found in str2 ."
           << endl << endl;

   // The third member function searches a string
   // for a substring as specified by a C-string
   string str3 ( "It is a nice day. I am happy." );
   cout << "The original string str3 is: " << str3 << endl;
   basic_string <char>::size_type indexCh3a, indexCh3b;

   const char *cstr3a = "nice";
   indexCh3a = str3.rfind ( cstr3a );
   if ( indexCh3a != npos )
      cout << "The index of the 1st element of 'nice' "
           << "in str3 is: " << indexCh3a << endl;
   else
      cout << "The substring 'nice' was not found in str3 ."
           << endl;

   const char *cstr3b = "am";
   indexCh3b = str3.rfind ( cstr3b , indexCh3a + 25 , 2 );
   if ( indexCh3b != npos )
      cout << "The index of the next occurrance of 'am' in "
           << "str3 begins at: " << indexCh3b << endl << endl;
   else
      cout << "There is no next occurrence of 'am' in str3 ."
           << endl << endl;

   // The fourth member function searches a string
   // for a substring as specified by a string
   string str4 ( "This perfectly unclear." );
   cout << "The original string str4 is: " << str4 << endl;
   basic_string <char>::size_type indexCh4a, indexCh4b;

   string str4a ( "clear" );
   indexCh4a = str4.rfind ( str4a , 15 );
   if (indexCh4a != npos )
      cout << "The index of the 1st element of 'clear' "
           << "before\n the 15th position in str4 is: "
           << indexCh4a << endl;
   else
      cout << "The substring 'clear' was not found in str4 "
           << "before the 15th position." << endl;

   string str4b ( "clear" );
   indexCh4b = str4.rfind ( str4b );
   if ( indexCh4b != npos )
      cout << "The index of the 1st element of 'clear' "
           << "in str4 is: "
           << indexCh4b << endl;
   else
      cout << "The substring 'clear' was not found in str4 ."
           << endl << endl;
}

The original string str1 is: Hello Everyone
The index of the 1st 'e' found before the 9th position in str1 is: 8
The character 'x' was not found in str1.

The original string str2 is: Let me make this perfectly clear.
The index of the 1st element of 'perfect' before
 the 30th position in str2 is: 17
The substring 'imperfect' was not found in str2 .

The original string str3 is: It is a nice day. I am happy.
The index of the 1st element of 'nice' in str3 is: 8
The index of the next occurrance of 'am' in str3 begins at: 20

The original string str4 is: This perfectly unclear.
The substring 'clear' was not found in str4 before the 15th position.
The index of the 1st element of 'clear' in str4 is: 17

Requirements

Header: <string>

Namespace: std

See Also

Reference

basic_string Class