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Note

Please see Azure Cognitive Services for Speech documentation for the latest supported speech solutions.

Tones (Microsoft.Speech)

This is a listing and cross reference of the tone phones that are used by the three phonetic alphabets that Microsoft.Speech supports. See Phonetic Alphabet Reference (Microsoft.Speech).

The table columns contain the following information:

  • UPS. The phone label specified in Microsoft’s Universal Phone Set (UPS).

  • IPA. The phone label specified in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) phone set.

  • Unicode. The Unicode value from the IPA phone set.

  • SAPI ID. The Speech API (SAPI) phone ID, which in most cases is the Unicode value.

  • IPA Description. This column describes the features of the phone. See the Glossary of Phonetic Terms (Microsoft.Speech) for more information about the features of phones.

  • X-SAMPA. The equivalent phone in X-SAMPA for reference.

Tone Phones

Tone describes the use of pitch in speech sounds to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaning. Lexical tones can follow a vowel or syllabic consonant. They can be made up of simple levels, on a universal scale which has a maximum of five level contrasts, or they can be contours composed of sequences of tones. A sequence of three tones should be sufficient to describe any tone contour.

IPA contains a mixture of lexical tones and contour tones. UPS covers the five lexical tones found in IPA, plus upstep and downstep. All contour tones can be represented in UPS by compound tones.

UPS does not include tonal symbols for the following IPA symbols: Rising, Falling, High Rising, Low Rising and Rising-Falling. These can all be defined in UPS using tone sequences. Global Rise and Global Fall are equivalent to “intonation – fall” and “intonation – question rise” in UPS and are found in Suprasegmentals (Microsoft.Speech).

UPS

IPA

Unicode

SAPI ID

IPA Description

X-SAMPA

T5

e̋

U+030B

030B

Extra high Level

_T

T4

é

U+0301

0301

High Level

_H

T3

ē

U+0304

0304

Mid Level

_M

T2

è

U+0300

0300

Low Level

_L

T1

ȅ

U+030F

030F

Extra Low Level

_B

T-

↓

U+2193

2193

Downstep

!

T+

↑

U+2191

2191

Upstep

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