Exibindo informações de tipo
O System.Type classe é central para reflexão. O common language runtime cria o tipo de para um tipo carregado quando reflexão solicitá-lo. Você pode usar um tipo de métodos, campos, propriedades e classes aninhadas para descobrir tudo sobre o tipo do objeto.
Use Assembly.GetType ou Assembly.GetTypes para obter tipo de objetos a partir de módulos (assemblies) que não foram carregados, passando no nome do tipo ou tipos que você deseja. Use Type.GetType para obter o tipo de os objetos de um assembly que já está carregado. Use Module.GetType e Module.GetTypes para obter o módulo tipo de objetos.
Observação
Se você deseja examinar e manipular tipos genéricos e métodos, consulte as informações adicionais fornecidas na Reflexão e tipos genérico e Como: Examinar e instanciar tipos genéricos com reflexão.
O exemplo a seguir mostra a sintaxe necessária para obter o Assembly objeto e o módulo para um assembly.
' Gets the mscorlib assembly in which the object is defined.
Dim a As Assembly = GetType(Object).Module.Assembly
// Gets the mscorlib assembly in which the object is defined.
Assembly a = typeof(object).Module.Assembly;
// Gets the mscorlib assembly in which the object is defined.
Assembly^ a = Object::typeid->Module->Assembly;
O exemplo a seguir demonstra a obtenção de tipo de os objetos de um assembly carregado.
' Loads an assembly using its file name.
Dim a As Assembly = Assembly.LoadFrom("MyExe.exe")
' Gets the type names from the assembly.
Dim types2() As Type = a.GetTypes()
For Each t As Type In types2
Console.WriteLine(t.FullName)
Next t
// Loads an assembly using its file name.
Assembly a = Assembly.LoadFrom("MyExe.exe");
// Gets the type names from the assembly.
Type[] types2 = a.GetTypes();
foreach (Type t in types2)
{
Console.WriteLine(t.FullName);
}
// Loads an assembly using its file name.
Assembly^ a = Assembly::LoadFrom("MyExe.exe");
// Gets the type names from the assembly.
array<Type^>^ types2 = a->GetTypes();
for each (Type^ t in types2)
{
Console::WriteLine(t->FullName);
}
Depois que você obtenha um tipo de, existem muitas maneiras que você pode descobrir informações sobre os membros desse tipo. Por exemplo, você pode descobrir sobre todos os membros do tipo chamando o Type.GetMembers método, que obtém uma matriz de MemberInfo objetos descrevendo cada um dos membros do tipo atual.
Você também pode usar os métodos na tipo de classe para recuperar informações sobre um ou mais construtores, métodos, eventos, campos ou propriedades que você especificar por nome. Por exemplo, Type.GetConstructor encapsula um construtor específico a classe de atual.
Se você tiver um tipo de, você pode usar o Type.Module a propriedade para obter um objeto que encapsula o módulo que contém o tipo. Use o Module.Assembly propriedade para localizar um objeto que encapsula o assembly que contém o módulo. Você pode obter o assembly que encapsula o tipo diretamente usando o Type.Assembly propriedade.
System. Type e ConstructorInfo
O exemplo a seguir mostra como listar os construtores de classe, nesse caso, o String classe.
' This program lists all the public constructors
' of the System.String class.
Imports System
Imports System.Reflection
Class ListMembers
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim t As Type = GetType(String)
Console.WriteLine("Listing all the public constructors of the {0} type", t)
' Constructors.
Dim ci As ConstructorInfo() = t.GetConstructors((BindingFlags.Public Or BindingFlags.Instance))
Console.WriteLine("//Constructors")
PrintMembers(ci)
End Sub
Public Shared Sub PrintMembers(ms() As MemberInfo)
Dim m As MemberInfo
For Each m In ms
Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}", " ", m)
Next m
Console.WriteLine()
End Sub
End Class
// This program lists all the public constructors
// of the System.String class.
using System;
using System.Reflection;
class ListMembers
{
public static void Main()
{
Type t = typeof(System.String);
Console.WriteLine("Listing all the public constructors of the {0} type", t);
// Constructors.
ConstructorInfo[] ci = t.GetConstructors(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
Console.WriteLine("//Constructors");
PrintMembers(ci);
}
public static void PrintMembers(MemberInfo[] ms)
{
foreach (MemberInfo m in ms)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}", " ", m);
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
// This program lists all the public constructors
// of the System.String class.
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Reflection;
class ListMembers
{
public:
static void Main()
{
Type^ t = System::String::typeid;
Console::WriteLine ("Listing all the public constructors of the {0} type", t);
// Constructors.
array<ConstructorInfo^>^ ci = t->GetConstructors(BindingFlags::Public | BindingFlags::Instance);
Console::WriteLine ("//Constructors");
PrintMembers(ci);
}
static void PrintMembers(array<MemberInfo^>^ ms)
{
for each (MemberInfo^ m in ms)
{
Console::WriteLine ("{0}{1}", " ", m);
}
Console::WriteLine();
}
};
int main()
{
ListMembers::Main();
}
MemberInfo, MethodInfo, FieldInfo e PropertyInfo
Obter informações sobre métodos, propriedades, eventos e campos usando o tipo MemberInfo, MethodInfo, FieldInfo, ou PropertyInfo objetos.
O exemplo a seguir usa MemberInfo para listar o número de membros a System.IO.File classe e usa o System.Type.IsPublic propriedade para determinar a visibilidade da classe.
Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Reflection
Class Mymemberinfo
Public Shared Sub Main()
Console.WriteLine ("\nReflection.MemberInfo")
' Gets the Type and MemberInfo.
Dim MyType As Type = Type.GetType("System.IO.File")
Dim Mymemberinfoarray() As MemberInfo = MyType.GetMembers()
' Gets and displays the DeclaringType method.
Console.WriteLine("\nThere are {0} members in {1}.",
Mymemberinfoarray.Length, MyType.FullName)
Console.WriteLine("{0}.", MyType.FullName)
If MyType.IsPublic
Console.WriteLine("{0} is public.", MyType.FullName)
End If
End Sub
End Class
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
class Mymemberinfo
{
public static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine ("\nReflection.MemberInfo");
// Gets the Type and MemberInfo.
Type MyType = Type.GetType("System.IO.File");
MemberInfo[] Mymemberinfoarray = MyType.GetMembers();
// Gets and displays the DeclaringType method.
Console.WriteLine("\nThere are {0} members in {1}.",
Mymemberinfoarray.Length, MyType.FullName);
Console.WriteLine("{0}.", MyType.FullName);
if (MyType.IsPublic)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} is public.", MyType.FullName);
}
}
}
using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Reflection;
public ref class Mymemberinfo
{
public:
static void Main()
{
Console::WriteLine ("\nReflection.MemberInfo");
// Gets the Type and MemberInfo.
Type^ MyType = Type::GetType("System.IO.File");
array<MemberInfo^>^ Mymemberinfoarray = MyType->GetMembers();
// Gets and displays the DeclaringType method.
Console::WriteLine("\nThere are {0} members in {1}.",
Mymemberinfoarray->Length, MyType->FullName);
Console::WriteLine("{0}.", MyType->FullName);
if (MyType->IsPublic)
{
Console::WriteLine("{0} is public.", MyType->FullName);
}
}
};
int main()
{
Mymemberinfo::Main();
}
O exemplo a seguir investiga o tipo do membro especificado. Ele executa reflexão em um membro da MemberInfo de classe e lista seu tipo.
' This code displays information about the GetValue method of FieldInfo.
Imports System
Imports System.Reflection
Class MyMethodInfo
Public Shared Sub Main()
Console.WriteLine("Reflection.MethodInfo")
' Gets and displays the Type.
Dim MyType As Type = Type.GetType("System.Reflection.FieldInfo")
' Specifies the member for which you want type information.
Dim Mymethodinfo As MethodInfo = MyType.GetMethod("GetValue")
Console.WriteLine((MyType.FullName & "." & Mymethodinfo.Name))
' Gets and displays the MemberType property.
Dim Mymembertypes As MemberTypes = Mymethodinfo.MemberType
If MemberTypes.Constructor = Mymembertypes Then
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type All")
ElseIf MemberTypes.Custom = Mymembertypes Then
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Custom")
ElseIf MemberTypes.Event = Mymembertypes Then
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Event")
ElseIf MemberTypes.Field = Mymembertypes Then
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Field")
ElseIf MemberTypes.Method = Mymembertypes Then
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Method")
ElseIf MemberTypes.Property = Mymembertypes Then
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Property")
ElseIf MemberTypes.TypeInfo = Mymembertypes Then
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type TypeInfo")
End If
Return
End Sub
End Class
// This code displays information about the GetValue method of FieldInfo.
using System;
using System.Reflection;
class MyMethodInfo
{
public static int Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("Reflection.MethodInfo");
// Gets and displays the Type.
Type MyType = Type.GetType("System.Reflection.FieldInfo");
// Specifies the member for which you want type information.
MethodInfo Mymethodinfo = MyType.GetMethod("GetValue");
Console.WriteLine(MyType.FullName + "." + Mymethodinfo.Name);
// Gets and displays the MemberType property.
MemberTypes Mymembertypes = Mymethodinfo.MemberType;
if (MemberTypes.Constructor == Mymembertypes)
{
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type All");
}
else if (MemberTypes.Custom == Mymembertypes)
{
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Custom");
}
else if (MemberTypes.Event == Mymembertypes)
{
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Event");
}
else if (MemberTypes.Field == Mymembertypes)
{
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Field");
}
else if (MemberTypes.Method == Mymembertypes)
{
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Method");
}
else if (MemberTypes.Property == Mymembertypes)
{
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Property");
}
else if (MemberTypes.TypeInfo == Mymembertypes)
{
Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type TypeInfo");
}
return 0;
}
}
// This code displays information about the GetValue method of FieldInfo.
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Reflection;
public ref class MyMethodInfo
{
public:
static int Main()
{
Console::WriteLine("Reflection.MethodInfo");
// Gets and displays the Type.
Type^ MyType = Type::GetType("System.Reflection.FieldInfo");
// Specifies the member for which you want type information.
MethodInfo^ Mymethodinfo = MyType->GetMethod("GetValue");
Console::WriteLine(MyType->FullName + "." + Mymethodinfo->Name);
// Gets and displays the MemberType property.
MemberTypes Mymembertypes = Mymethodinfo->MemberType;
if (MemberTypes::Constructor == Mymembertypes)
{
Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type All");
}
else if (MemberTypes::Custom == Mymembertypes)
{
Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Custom");
}
else if (MemberTypes::Event == Mymembertypes)
{
Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Event");
}
else if (MemberTypes::Field == Mymembertypes)
{
Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Field");
}
else if (MemberTypes::Method == Mymembertypes)
{
Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Method");
}
else if (MemberTypes::Property == Mymembertypes)
{
Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Property");
}
else if (MemberTypes::TypeInfo == Mymembertypes)
{
Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type TypeInfo");
}
return 0;
}
};
int main()
{
MyMethodInfo::Main();
}
O exemplo a seguir usa todos os o reflexo * Info classes junto com BindingFlags para listar todos os membros (construtores, campos, propriedades, eventos e métodos) da classe especificada, dividindo os membros em estática e categorias de instância.
' This program lists all the members of the
' System.IO.BufferedStream class.
Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Reflection
Class ListMembers
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Specifies the class.
Dim t As Type = GetType(System.IO.BufferedStream)
Console.WriteLine("Listing all the members (public and non public) of the {0} type", t)
' Lists static fields first.
Dim fi As FieldInfo() = t.GetFields((BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
Console.WriteLine("// Static Fields")
PrintMembers(fi)
' Static properties.
Dim pi As PropertyInfo() = t.GetProperties((BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
Console.WriteLine("// Static Properties")
PrintMembers(pi)
' Static events.
Dim ei As EventInfo() = t.GetEvents((BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
Console.WriteLine("// Static Events")
PrintMembers(ei)
' Static methods.
Dim mi As MethodInfo() = t.GetMethods((BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
Console.WriteLine("// Static Methods")
PrintMembers(mi)
' Constructors.
Dim ci As ConstructorInfo() = t.GetConstructors((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
Console.WriteLine("// Constructors")
PrintMembers(ci)
' Instance fields.
fi = t.GetFields((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
Console.WriteLine("// Instance Fields")
PrintMembers(fi)
' Instance properites.
pi = t.GetProperties((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
Console.WriteLine("// Instance Properties")
PrintMembers(pi)
' Instance events.
ei = t.GetEvents((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
Console.WriteLine("// Instance Events")
PrintMembers(ei)
' Instance methods.
mi = t.GetMethods((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
Console.WriteLine("// Instance Methods")
PrintMembers(mi)
Console.WriteLine(ControlChars.CrLf & "Press ENTER to exit.")
Console.Read()
End Sub
Public Shared Sub PrintMembers(ms() As MemberInfo)
Dim m As MemberInfo
For Each m In ms
Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}", " ", m)
Next m
Console.WriteLine()
End Sub
End Class
// This program lists all the members of the
// System.IO.BufferedStream class.
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
class ListMembers
{
public static void Main()
{
// Specifies the class.
Type t = typeof(System.IO.BufferedStream);
Console.WriteLine("Listing all the members (public and non public) of the {0} type", t);
// Lists static fields first.
FieldInfo[] fi = t.GetFields(BindingFlags.Static |
BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
Console.WriteLine("// Static Fields");
PrintMembers(fi);
// Static properties.
PropertyInfo[] pi = t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Static |
BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
Console.WriteLine("// Static Properties");
PrintMembers(pi);
// Static events.
EventInfo[] ei = t.GetEvents(BindingFlags.Static |
BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
Console.WriteLine("// Static Events");
PrintMembers(ei);
// Static methods.
MethodInfo[] mi = t.GetMethods (BindingFlags.Static |
BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
Console.WriteLine("// Static Methods");
PrintMembers(mi);
// Constructors.
ConstructorInfo[] ci = t.GetConstructors(BindingFlags.Instance |
BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
Console.WriteLine("// Constructors");
PrintMembers(ci);
// Instance fields.
fi = t.GetFields(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic |
BindingFlags.Public);
Console.WriteLine("// Instance Fields");
PrintMembers(fi);
// Instance properites.
pi = t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic |
BindingFlags.Public);
Console.WriteLine ("// Instance Properties");
PrintMembers(pi);
// Instance events.
ei = t.GetEvents(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic |
BindingFlags.Public);
Console.WriteLine("// Instance Events");
PrintMembers(ei);
// Instance methods.
mi = t.GetMethods(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic
| BindingFlags.Public);
Console.WriteLine("// Instance Methods");
PrintMembers(mi);
Console.WriteLine("\r\nPress ENTER to exit.");
Console.Read();
}
public static void PrintMembers (MemberInfo [] ms)
{
foreach (MemberInfo m in ms)
{
Console.WriteLine ("{0}{1}", " ", m);
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
// This program lists all the members of the
// System.IO.BufferedStream class.
using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Reflection;
public ref class ListMembers
{
public:
static void Main()
{
// Specifies the class.
Type^ t = System::IO::BufferedStream::typeid;
Console::WriteLine("Listing all the members (public and non public) of the {0} type", t);
// Lists static fields first.
array<FieldInfo^>^ fi = t->GetFields(BindingFlags::Static |
BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
Console::WriteLine("// Static Fields");
PrintMembers(fi);
// Static properties.
array<PropertyInfo^>^ pi = t->GetProperties(BindingFlags::Static |
BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
Console::WriteLine("// Static Properties");
PrintMembers(pi);
// Static events.
array<EventInfo^>^ ei = t->GetEvents(BindingFlags::Static |
BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
Console::WriteLine("// Static Events");
PrintMembers(ei);
// Static methods.
array<MethodInfo^>^ mi = t->GetMethods (BindingFlags::Static |
BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
Console::WriteLine("// Static Methods");
PrintMembers(mi);
// Constructors.
array<ConstructorInfo^>^ ci = t->GetConstructors(BindingFlags::Instance |
BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
Console::WriteLine("// Constructors");
PrintMembers(ci);
// Instance fields.
fi = t->GetFields(BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::NonPublic |
BindingFlags::Public);
Console::WriteLine("// Instance Fields");
PrintMembers(fi);
// Instance properites.
pi = t->GetProperties(BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::NonPublic |
BindingFlags::Public);
Console::WriteLine ("// Instance Properties");
PrintMembers(pi);
// Instance events.
ei = t->GetEvents(BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::NonPublic |
BindingFlags::Public);
Console::WriteLine("// Instance Events");
PrintMembers(ei);
// Instance methods.
mi = t->GetMethods(BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::NonPublic
| BindingFlags::Public);
Console::WriteLine("// Instance Methods");
PrintMembers(mi);
Console::WriteLine("\r\nPress ENTER to exit.");
Console::Read();
}
static void PrintMembers(array<MemberInfo^>^ ms)
{
for each (MemberInfo^ m in ms)
{
Console::WriteLine ("{0}{1}", " ", m);
}
Console::WriteLine();
}
};
int main()
{
ListMembers::Main();
}