Configuring Warnings in Visual Basic

Artykuł
02/04/2013

The Visual Basic compiler includes a set of warnings about code that may cause run-time errors. You can use that information to write cleaner, faster, better code with fewer bugs. For example, the compiler will produce a warning when the user attempts to invoke a member of an unassigned object variable, return from a function without setting the return value, or execute a Try block with errors in the logic to catch exceptions.

Sometimes the compiler provides extra logic on the user's behalf so that the user can focus on the task at hand, rather than on anticipating possible errors. In previous versions of Visual Basic, Option Strict was used to limit the additional logic that the Visual Basic compiler provides. Configuring warnings allows you to limit this logic in a more granular way, at the level of the individual warnings.

You may want to customize your project and turn off some warnings not pertinent to your application while turning other warnings into errors. This page explains how to turn individual warnings on and off.

Turning Warnings Off and On

There are two different ways to configure warnings: you can configure them using the Project Designer, or you can use the /warnaserror and /nowarn compiler options.

The Compile tab of the Project Designer page allows you to turn warnings on and off. Select the Disable All Warnings check box to disable all warnings; select the Treat All Warnings as Errors to treat all warnings as errors. Some individual warnings can be toggled as error or warning as desired in the displayed table.

When Option Strict is set to Off, Option Strict related warnings cannot be treated independently of each other. When Option Strict is set to On, the associated warnings are treated as errors, no matter what their status is. When Option Strict is set to Custom by specifying /optionstrict:custom in the command line compiler, Option Strict warnings can be toggled on or off independently.

The /warnaserror command-line option of the compiler can also be used to specify whether warnings are treated as errors. You can add a comma delimited list to this option to specify which warnings should be treated as errors or warnings by using + or -. The following table details the possible options.

Command-line option	Specifies
/warnaserror+	Treat all warnings as errors
/warnsaserror-	Do not treat as warnings as errors. This is the default.
/warnaserror+:<warning list>	Treat specific warnings as errors, listed by their error ID number in a comma delimited list r.
/warnaserror-:<warning list>	Do not treat specific warnings as errors, listed by their error ID number in a comma delimited list.
/nowarn	Do not report warnings.
/nowarn:<warning list>	Do not report specified warnings, listed by their error ID number in a comma delimited list.

The warning list contains the error ID numbers of the warnings that should be treated as errors, which can be used with the command-line options to turn specific warnings on or off. If the warning list contains an invalid number, an error is reported.

Examples

This table of examples of command line arguments describes what each argument does.

Argument	Description
vbc /warnaserror	Specifies that all warnings should be treated as errors.
vbc /warnaserror:42024	Specifies that warning 42024 should be treated as an error.
vbc /warnaserror:42024,42025	Specifies that warnings 42024 and 42025 should be treated as errors.
vbc /nowarn	Specifies that no warnings should be reported.
vbc /nowarn:42024	Specifies that warning 42024 should not be reported.
vbc /nowarn:42024,42025	Specifies that warnings 42024 and 42025 should not be reported.

Types of Warnings

Following is a list of warnings that you might want to treat as errors.

Implicit Conversion Warning

Generated for instances of implicit conversion. They do not include implicit conversions from an intrinsic numeric type to a string when using the & operator. Default for new projects is off.

ID: 42016

Late bound Method Invocation and Overload Resolution Warning

Generated for instances of late binding. Default for new projects is off.

ID: 42017

Operands of Type Object Warnings

Generated when operands of type Object occur that would create an error with Option Strict On. Default for new projects is on.

ID: 42018 and 42019

Declarations Require 'As' Clause Warnings

Generated when a variable, function, or property declaration lacking an As clause would have created an error with Option Strict On. Variables that do not have a type assigned to them are assumed to be type Object. Default for new projects is on.

ID: 42020 (variable declaration), 42021 (function declaration), and 42022 (property declaration).

Possible Null Reference Exception Warnings

Generated when a variable is used before it has been assigned a value. Default for new projects is on.

ID: 42104, 42030

Unused Local Variable Warning

Generated when a local variable is declared but never referred to. Default is on.

ID: 42024

Access of Shared member through Instance Variable Warning

Generated when accessing a shared member through an instance may have side effects, or when accessing a shared member through an instance variable is not the right-hand side of an expression or is being passed in as a parameter. Default for new projects is on.

ID: 42025

Recursive Operator or Property Access Warnings

Generated when the body of a routine uses the same operator or property it is defined in. Default for new projects is on.

ID: 42004 (operator), 42026 (property)

Function or Operator without Return Value Warning

Generated when the function or operator does not have a return value specified. This includes omitting a Set to the implicit local variable with the same name as the function. Default for new projects is on.

ID: 42105 (function), 42016 (operator)

Overloads Modifier Used in a Module Warning

Generated when Overloads is used in a Module. Default for new projects is on.

ID: 42028

Duplicate or Overlapping Catch Blocks Warnings

Generated when a Catch block is never reached due to its relation to other Catch blocks that have been defined. Default for new projects is on.

ID: 42029, 42031

Udostępnij za pośrednictwem