Configuring the Data Service (WCF Data Services)

Artykuł
09/02/2011

With WCF Data Services, you can create data services that expose Open Data Protocol (OData) feeds. Data in these feeds can come from a variety of data sources. WCF Data Services uses data providers to expose this data as an OData feed. These providers include an Entity Framework provider, a reflection provider, and a set of custom data service provider interfaces. The provider implementation defines the data model for the service. For more information, see Data Services Providers (WCF Data Services).

In WCF Data Services, a data service is a class that inherits from the DataService class, where the type of the data service is the entity container of the data model. This entity container has one or more properties that return an IQueryable, which are used to access entity sets in the data model.

The behaviors of the data service are defined by the members of the DataServiceConfiguration class, and by members of the DataServiceBehavior class, which is accessed from the DataServiceBehavior property of the DataServiceConfiguration class. The DataServiceConfiguration class is supplied to the InitializeService method that is implemented by the data service, as in the following implementation of a Northwind data service:

' This method is called only once to initialize service-wide policies.
Public Shared Sub InitializeService(ByVal config As DataServiceConfiguration)
    ' Set the access rules of feeds exposed by the data service, which is
    ' based on the requirements of client applications.
    config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("Customers", EntitySetRights.AllRead)
    config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("Employees", EntitySetRights.ReadSingle)
    config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("Orders", EntitySetRights.AllRead _
        Or EntitySetRights.WriteAppend _
        Or EntitySetRights.WriteMerge)
    config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("Order_Details", EntitySetRights.All)
    config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("Products", EntitySetRights.ReadMultiple)

    ' Set page size defaults for the data service.
    config.SetEntitySetPageSize("Orders", 20)
    config.SetEntitySetPageSize("Order_Details", 50)
    config.SetEntitySetPageSize("Products", 50)

    ' Paging requires v2 of the OData protocol.
    config.DataServiceBehavior.MaxProtocolVersion = _
        System.Data.Services.Common.DataServiceProtocolVersion.V2
End Sub

// This method is called only once to initialize service-wide policies.
public static void InitializeService(DataServiceConfiguration config)
{
    // Set the access rules of feeds exposed by the data service, which is
    // based on the requirements of client applications.
    config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("Customers", EntitySetRights.AllRead);
    config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("Employees", EntitySetRights.ReadSingle);
    config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("Orders", EntitySetRights.All  
        | EntitySetRights.WriteAppend
        | EntitySetRights.WriteMerge);
    config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("Order_Details", EntitySetRights.All);
    config.SetEntitySetAccessRule("Products", EntitySetRights.All);

    // Set page size defaults for the data service.
    config.SetEntitySetPageSize("Orders", 20);
    config.SetEntitySetPageSize("Order_Details", 50);
    config.SetEntitySetPageSize("Products", 50);

    // Paging requires v2 of the OData protocol.
    config.DataServiceBehavior.MaxProtocolVersion =
        System.Data.Services.Common.DataServiceProtocolVersion.V2;
}

Data Service Configuration Settings

The DataServiceConfiguration class enables you to specify the following data service behaviors:

Member	Behavior
AcceptCountRequests	Enables you to disable count requests that are submitted to the data service by using the $count path segment and the $inlinecount query option. For more information, see OData: URI Conventions.
AcceptProjectionRequests	Enables you to disable support for data projection in requests that are submitted to the data service by using the $select query option. For more information, see OData: URI Conventions.
EnableTypeAccess	Enables a data type to be exposed in the metadata for a dynamic metadata provider defined by using the IDataServiceMetadataProvider interface.
EnableTypeConversion	Enables you to specify whether the data service runtime should convert the type that is contained in the payload to the actual property type that is specified in the request.
InvokeInterceptorsOnLinkDelete	Enables you to specify whether or not registered change interceptors are invoked on the related entities when a relationship link between two entities is deleted.
MaxBatchCount	Enables you to limit the number of change sets and query operations that are allowed in a single batch. For more information, see OData: Batch and Batching Operations (WCF Data Services).
MaxChangesetCount	Enables you to limit the number of changes that can be included in a single change set. For more information, see How to: Enable Paging of Data Service Results (WCF Data Services).
MaxExpandCount	Enables you to limit the size of a response by limiting the number of related entities that can be included in a single request by using the $expand query operator. For more information, see see OData: URI Conventions and Loading Deferred Content (WCF Data Services).
MaxExpandDepth	Enables you to limit the size of a response by limiting the depth of the graph of related entities that can be included in a single request by using the $expand query operator. For more information, see see OData: URI Conventions and Loading Deferred Content (WCF Data Services).
MaxObjectCountOnInsert	Enables you to limit the number of entities to be inserted that can be contained in a single POST request.
MaxProtocolVersion	Defines the version of the Atom protocol that is used by the data service. When the value of the MaxProtocolVersion is set to a value less than the maximum value of DataServiceProtocolVersion, the latest functionality of WCF Data Services is not available to clients accessing the data service. For more information, see Working with Data Service Versioning (WCF Data Services).
MaxResultsPerCollection	Enables you to limit the size of a response by limiting the number of entities in each entity set that is returned as a data feed.
RegisterKnownType	Adds a data type to the list of types that are recognized by the data service.
SetEntitySetAccessRule	Sets the access rights for entity set resources that are available on the data service. An asterisk (*) value can be supplied for the name parameter to set access for all remaining entity sets to the same level. We recommend that you set access to entity sets to provide the least privilege access to data service resources that are required by client applications. For more information, see Securing WCF Data Services. For examples of the minimum access rights required for a given URI and HTTP action, see the table in the Minimum Resource Access Requirements section.
SetEntitySetPageSize	Sets the maximum page size for an entity set resource. For more information, see How to: Enable Paging of Data Service Results (WCF Data Services).
SetServiceOperationAccessRule	Sets the access rights for service operations that are defined on the data service. For more information, see Service Operations (WCF Data Services). An asterisk (*) value can be supplied for the name parameter to set access for all service operations to the same level. We recommend that you set access to service operations to provide the least privilege access to data service resources that are required by client applications. For more information, see Securing WCF Data Services.
UseVerboseErrors	This configuration property enables you to more easily troubleshoot a data service by returning more information in the error response message. This option is not intended to be used in a production environment. For more information, see Developing and Deploying WCF Data Services.

Minimum Resource Access Requirements

The following table details the minimum entity set rights that must be granted to execute a specific operation. Path examples are based on the Northwind data service that is created when you complete the quickstart. Because both the EntitySetRights enumeration and the ServiceOperationRights enumeration are defined by using the FlagsAttribute, you can use a logical OR operator to specify multiple permissions for a single entity set or operation. For more information, see How to: Enable Access to the Data Service (WCF Data Services).

Path/Action	GET	DELETE	MERGE	POST	PUT
`/Customers`	ReadMultiple	Not supported	Not supported	WriteAppend	Not supported
`/Customers('ALFKI')`	ReadSingle	ReadSingle and WriteDelete	ReadSingle and WriteMerge	n/a	ReadSingle and WriteReplace
`/Customers('ALFKI')/Orders`	`Customers`: ReadSingle -and- `Orders`: ReadMultiple	Not supported	Not supported	`Customers`: ReadSingle and WriteMerge or WriteReplace -and- `Orders` : and WriteAppend	Not supported
`/Customers('ALFKI')/Orders(10643)`	`Customers`: ReadSingle -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle	`Customers`: ReadSingle -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle and WriteDelete	`Customers`: ReadSingle -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle and WriteMerge	Not supported	`Customers`: ReadSingle -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle and WriteReplace
`/Orders(10643)/Customer`	`Customers`: ReadSingle -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle	`Customers`: ReadSingle and WriteDelete -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle	`Customers`: ReadSingle and WriteMerge; -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle	`Customers`: WriteAppend -and- `Orders`: WriteAppend and ReadSingle	Not supported
`/Customers('ALFKI')/$links/Orders`	`Customers`: ReadSingle -and- `Orders`: ReadMultiple	Not supported	Not supported	`Customers`: ReadSingle and WriteMerge or WriteReplace -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle	Not supported
`/Customers('ALFKI')/$links/Orders(10643)`	`Customers`: ReadSingle -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle	`Customers`: ReadSingle and WriteMerge or WriteReplace -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle	Not supported	Not supported	Not supported
`/Orders(10643)/$links/Customer`	`Customers`: ReadSingle -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle	`Orders`: ReadSingle and WriteMerge or WriteReplace	`Customers`: ReadSingle -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle and WriteMerge	Not supported	`Customers`: ReadSingle; -and- `Orders`: ReadSingle and WriteReplace
`/Customers/$count`	ReadMultiple	Not supported	Not supported	Not supported	Not supported
`/Customers('ALFKI')/ContactName`	ReadSingle	Not supported	WriteMerge	Not supported	WriteReplace
`/Customers('ALFKI')/Address/StreetAddress/$value` 1	ReadSingle	WriteDelete	Not supported	Not supported	Not supported
`/Customers('ALFKI')/ContactName/$value`	ReadSingle	ReadSingle and WriteDelete	WriteMerge	Not supported	WriteReplace
`/Customers('ALFKI')/$value` 2	ReadSingle	Not supported	Not supported	Not supported	WriteReplace
`/Customers?$select=Orders/*&$expand=Orders`	`Customers`: ReadSingle -and- `Orders`: ReadMultiple	Not supported	Not supported	`Customers`: WriteAppend	Not supported
`/Customers('ALFKI')?$select=Orders/*&$expand=Orders`	`Customers`: ReadSingle -and- `Orders`: ReadMultiple	Not supported	Not supported	Not supported	Not supported

1 In this example, Address represents a complex type property of the Customers entity that has a property named StreetAddress. The model used by the Northwind data services does not explicitly define this complex type. When the data model is defined by using the Entity Framework provider, you can use the Entity Data Model tools to define such a complex type. For more information, see How to: Create and Modify Complex Types (Entity Data Model Tools).

2 This URI is supported when a property that returns a binary large object (BLOB) is defined as the media resource that belongs to an entity that is a media link entry, which in this case, is Customers. For more information, see Streaming Provider (WCF Data Services).

Versioning Requirements

The following data service configuration behaviors require version 2 of the OData protocol, or later versions:

Support for count requests.
Support for the $select query option for projection.

For more information, see Data Service Versioning (WCF Data Services).

Udostępnij za pośrednictwem

Configuring the Data Service (WCF Data Services)

Data Service Configuration Settings

Minimum Resource Access Requirements

Versioning Requirements

See Also

Concepts

Other Resources

Dodatkowe zasoby