Wyświetlanie informacji o typie

Artykuł
03/29/2025

Klasa System.Type jest centralna dla refleksji. Środowisko uruchomieniowe języka wspólnego tworzy Type dla załadowanego typu podczas żądania odbicia. Aby dowiedzieć się więcej o tym typie, można użyć metod, pól, właściwości i klas zagnieżdżonych obiektu Type.

Użyj Assembly.GetType lub Assembly.GetTypes, aby uzyskać obiekty Type z zestawów, które nie zostały załadowane, przekazując nazwę żądanego typu lub typów. Użyj Type.GetType, aby pobrać obiekty Type z zestawu, który jest już załadowany. Użyj Module.GetType i Module.GetTypes, aby uzyskać obiekty Type modułu.

Uwaga

Jeśli chcesz zbadać i manipulować typami ogólnymi i metodami, zapoznaj się z dodatkowymi informacjami zawartymi w odbicie i typy ogólne oraz Jak: badać i tworzyć wystąpienia typów ogólnych za pomocą odbicia.

Poniższy przykład przedstawia składnię niezbędną do pobrania obiektu Assembly i modułu dla kompilacji.

// Gets the mscorlib assembly in which the object is defined.
Assembly^ a = Object::typeid->Module->Assembly;

// Gets the mscorlib assembly in which the object is defined.
Assembly a = typeof(object).Module.Assembly;

' Gets the mscorlib assembly in which the object is defined.
Dim a As Assembly = GetType(Object).Module.Assembly

Na poniższym przykładzie przedstawiono sposób uzyskiwania obiektów Type z załadowanego zestawu.

// Loads an assembly using its file name.
Assembly^ a = Assembly::LoadFrom("MyExe.exe");
// Gets the type names from the assembly.
array<Type^>^ types2 = a->GetTypes();
for each (Type^ t in types2)
{
    Console::WriteLine(t->FullName);
}

// Loads an assembly using its file name.
Assembly a = Assembly.LoadFrom("MyExe.exe");
// Gets the type names from the assembly.
Type[] types2 = a.GetTypes();
foreach (Type t in types2)
{
    Console.WriteLine(t.FullName);
}

' Loads an assembly using its file name.
Dim a As Assembly = Assembly.LoadFrom("MyExe.exe")
' Gets the type names from the assembly.
Dim types2() As Type = a.GetTypes()
For Each t As Type In types2
    Console.WriteLine(t.FullName)
Next t

Po uzyskaniu Typeistnieje wiele sposobów na odkrywanie informacji o składowych tego typu. Na przykład można dowiedzieć się więcej o wszystkich elementach członkowskich typu, wywołując metodę Type.GetMembers, która uzyskuje tablicę obiektów MemberInfo opisujących każdy z elementów członkowskich bieżącego typu.

Można również użyć metod w klasie Type, aby pobrać informacje o co najmniej jednym konstruktorze, metodach, zdarzeniach, polach lub właściwościach określonych według nazwy. Na przykład Type.GetConstructor enkapsuluje określony konstruktor bieżącej klasy.

Jeśli masz Type, możesz użyć właściwości Type.Module, aby uzyskać obiekt, który enkapsuluje moduł, który zawiera ten typ. Użyj właściwości Module.Assembly, aby zlokalizować obiekt, który hermetyzuje zestaw zawierający moduł. Możesz uzyskać zgromadzenie, które hermetyzuje typ bezpośrednio, używając właściwości Type.Assembly.

System.Type i ConstructorInfo

W poniższym przykładzie pokazano, jak wyświetlić listę konstruktorów dla klasy , w tym przypadku klasę String.

// This program lists all the public constructors
// of the System.String class.
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Reflection;

class ListMembers
{
public:
    static void Main()
    {
        Type^ t = System::String::typeid;
        Console::WriteLine ("Listing all the public constructors of the {0} type", t);
        // Constructors.
        array<ConstructorInfo^>^ ci = t->GetConstructors(BindingFlags::Public | BindingFlags::Instance);
        Console::WriteLine ("//Constructors");
        PrintMembers(ci);
    }

    static void PrintMembers(array<MemberInfo^>^ ms)
    {
        for each (MemberInfo^ m in ms)
        {
            Console::WriteLine ("{0}{1}", "     ", m);
        }
        Console::WriteLine();
    }
};

int main()
{
    ListMembers::Main();
}

// This program lists all the public constructors
// of the System.String class.
using System;
using System.Reflection;

class ListMembers
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        Type t = typeof(System.String);
        Console.WriteLine($"Listing all the public constructors of the {t} type");
        // Constructors.
        ConstructorInfo[] ci = t.GetConstructors(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
        Console.WriteLine("//Constructors");
        PrintMembers(ci);
    }

    public static void PrintMembers(MemberInfo[] ms)
    {
        foreach (MemberInfo m in ms)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{"     "}{m}");
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

' This program lists all the public constructors
' of the System.String class.

Imports System.Reflection

Class ListMembers
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Dim t As Type = GetType(String)
        Console.WriteLine("Listing all the public constructors of the {0} type", t)
        ' Constructors.
        Dim ci As ConstructorInfo() = t.GetConstructors((BindingFlags.Public Or BindingFlags.Instance))
        Console.WriteLine("//Constructors")
        PrintMembers(ci)
    End Sub
    Public Shared Sub PrintMembers(ms() As MemberInfo)
        Dim m As MemberInfo
        For Each m In ms
            Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}", "     ", m)
        Next m
        Console.WriteLine()
    End Sub
End Class

MemberInfo, MethodInfo, FieldInfo i PropertyInfo

Uzyskaj informacje o metodach, właściwościach, zdarzeniach i polach typu przy użyciu obiektów MemberInfo, MethodInfo, FieldInfolub PropertyInfo.

W poniższym przykładzie użyto MemberInfo do wyświetlenia listy elementów członkowskich w klasie System.IO.File i użyto właściwości IsPublic w celu określenia widoczności klasy.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Reflection;

public ref class MyMemberInfo
{
public:
    static void Main()
    {
        Console::WriteLine ("\nReflection.MemberInfo");
        // Gets the Type and MemberInfo.
        Type^ myType = Type::GetType("System.IO.File");
        array<MemberInfo^>^ myMemberInfoArray = myType->GetMembers();
        // Gets and displays the DeclaringType method.
        Console::WriteLine("\nThere are {0} members in {1}.",
            myMemberInfoArray->Length, myType->FullName);
        Console::WriteLine("{0}.", myType->FullName);
        if (myType->IsPublic)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("{0} is public.", myType->FullName);
        }
    }
};

int main()
{
    MyMemberInfo::Main();
}

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;

class MyMemberInfo
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        Console.WriteLine ("\nReflection.MemberInfo");
        // Gets the Type and MemberInfo.
        Type myType = Type.GetType("System.IO.File");
        MemberInfo[] myMemberInfoArray = myType.GetMembers();
        // Gets and displays the DeclaringType method.
        Console.WriteLine($"\nThere are {myMemberInfoArray.Length} members in {myType.FullName}.");
        Console.WriteLine($"{myType.FullName}.");
        if (myType.IsPublic)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{myType.FullName} is public.");
        }
    }
}

Imports System.IO
Imports System.Reflection

Class MyMemberInfo
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Console.WriteLine("\nReflection.MemberInfo")
        ' Gets the Type and MemberInfo.
        Dim myType As Type = Type.GetType("System.IO.File")
        Dim myMemberInfoArray() As MemberInfo = myType.GetMembers()
        ' Gets and displays the DeclaringType method.
        Console.WriteLine("\nThere are {0} members in {1}.",
            myMemberInfoArray.Length, myType.FullName)
        Console.WriteLine("{0}.", myType.FullName)
        If myType.IsPublic
            Console.WriteLine("{0} is public.", myType.FullName)
        End If
    End Sub
End Class

Poniższy przykład bada typ określonego elementu. Wykonuje refleksję na członku klasy MemberInfo i wyświetla jego typ.

// This code displays information about the GetValue method of FieldInfo.
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Reflection;

public ref class MyMethodInfo
{
public:
    static int Main()
    {
        Console::WriteLine("Reflection.MethodInfo");
        // Gets and displays the Type.
        Type^ myType = Type::GetType("System.Reflection.FieldInfo");
        // Specifies the member for which you want type information.
        MethodInfo^ myMethodInfo = myType->GetMethod("GetValue");
        Console::WriteLine(myType->FullName + "." + myMethodInfo->Name);
        // Gets and displays the MemberType property.
        MemberTypes myMemberTypes = myMethodInfo->MemberType;
        if (MemberTypes::Constructor == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type All");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes::Custom == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Custom");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes::Event == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Event");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes::Field == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Field");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes::Method == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Method");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes::Property == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type Property");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes::TypeInfo == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("MemberType is of type TypeInfo");
        }
        return 0;
    }
};

int main()
{
    MyMethodInfo::Main();
}

// This code displays information about the GetValue method of FieldInfo.
using System;
using System.Reflection;

class MyMethodInfo
{
    public static int Main()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Reflection.MethodInfo");
        // Gets and displays the Type.
        Type myType = Type.GetType("System.Reflection.FieldInfo");
        // Specifies the member for which you want type information.
        MethodInfo myMethodInfo = myType.GetMethod("GetValue");
        Console.WriteLine(myType.FullName + "." + myMethodInfo.Name);
        // Gets and displays the MemberType property.
        MemberTypes myMemberTypes = myMethodInfo.MemberType;
        if (MemberTypes.Constructor == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type All");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes.Custom == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Custom");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes.Event == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Event");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes.Field == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Field");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes.Method == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Method");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes.Property == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Property");
        }
        else if (MemberTypes.TypeInfo == myMemberTypes)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type TypeInfo");
        }
        return 0;
    }
}

' This code displays information about the GetValue method of FieldInfo.
Imports System.Reflection
Class MyMethodInfo
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Console.WriteLine("Reflection.MethodInfo")
        ' Gets and displays the Type.
        Dim myType As Type = Type.GetType("System.Reflection.FieldInfo")
        ' Specifies the member for which you want type information.
        Dim myMethodInfo As MethodInfo = myType.GetMethod("GetValue")
        Console.WriteLine((myType.FullName & "." & myMethodInfo.Name))
        ' Gets and displays the MemberType property.
        Dim myMemberTypes As MemberTypes = myMethodInfo.MemberType
        If MemberTypes.Constructor = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type All")
        ElseIf MemberTypes.Custom = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Custom")
        ElseIf MemberTypes.Event = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Event")
        ElseIf MemberTypes.Field = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Field")
        ElseIf MemberTypes.Method = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Method")
        ElseIf MemberTypes.Property = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type Property")
        ElseIf MemberTypes.TypeInfo = myMemberTypes Then
            Console.WriteLine("MemberType is of type TypeInfo")
        End If
        Return
    End Sub
End Class

W poniższym przykładzie użyto wszystkich klas odbicia *Info wraz z BindingFlags, aby wyświetlić listę wszystkich elementów członkowskich (konstruktorów, pól, właściwości, zdarzeń i metod) określonej klasy, dzieląc elementy członkowskie na kategorie statyczne i wystąpienia.

// This program lists all the members of the
// System.IO.BufferedStream class.
using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Reflection;

public ref class ListMembers
{
public:
    static void Main()
    {
        // Specifies the class.
        Type^ t = System::IO::BufferedStream::typeid;
        Console::WriteLine("Listing all the members (public and non public) of the {0} type", t);

        // Lists static fields first.
        array<FieldInfo^>^ fi = t->GetFields(BindingFlags::Static |
            BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Static Fields");
        PrintMembers(fi);

        // Static properties.
        array<PropertyInfo^>^ pi = t->GetProperties(BindingFlags::Static |
            BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Static Properties");
        PrintMembers(pi);

        // Static events.
        array<EventInfo^>^ ei = t->GetEvents(BindingFlags::Static |
            BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Static Events");
        PrintMembers(ei);

        // Static methods.
        array<MethodInfo^>^ mi = t->GetMethods (BindingFlags::Static |
            BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Static Methods");
        PrintMembers(mi);

        // Constructors.
        array<ConstructorInfo^>^ ci = t->GetConstructors(BindingFlags::Instance |
            BindingFlags::NonPublic | BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Constructors");
        PrintMembers(ci);

        // Instance fields.
        fi = t->GetFields(BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::NonPublic |
            BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Instance Fields");
        PrintMembers(fi);

        // Instance properties.
        pi = t->GetProperties(BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::NonPublic |
            BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine ("// Instance Properties");
        PrintMembers(pi);

        // Instance events.
        ei = t->GetEvents(BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::NonPublic |
            BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Instance Events");
        PrintMembers(ei);

        // Instance methods.
        mi = t->GetMethods(BindingFlags::Instance | BindingFlags::NonPublic
            | BindingFlags::Public);
        Console::WriteLine("// Instance Methods");
        PrintMembers(mi);

        Console::WriteLine("\r\nPress ENTER to exit.");
        Console::Read();
    }

    static void PrintMembers(array<MemberInfo^>^ ms)
    {
        for each (MemberInfo^ m in ms)
        {
            Console::WriteLine ("{0}{1}", "     ", m);
        }
        Console::WriteLine();
    }
};

int main()
{
    ListMembers::Main();
}

// This program lists all the members of the
// System.IO.BufferedStream class.
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;

class ListMembers
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Specifies the class.
        Type t = typeof(System.IO.BufferedStream);
        Console.WriteLine($"Listing all the members (public and non public) of the {t} type");

        // Lists static fields first.
        FieldInfo[] fi = t.GetFields(BindingFlags.Static |
            BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Fields");
        PrintMembers(fi);

        // Static properties.
        PropertyInfo[] pi = t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Static |
            BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Properties");
        PrintMembers(pi);

        // Static events.
        EventInfo[] ei = t.GetEvents(BindingFlags.Static |
            BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Events");
        PrintMembers(ei);

        // Static methods.
        MethodInfo[] mi = t.GetMethods (BindingFlags.Static |
            BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Methods");
        PrintMembers(mi);

        // Constructors.
        ConstructorInfo[] ci = t.GetConstructors(BindingFlags.Instance |
            BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Constructors");
        PrintMembers(ci);

        // Instance fields.
        fi = t.GetFields(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic |
            BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Fields");
        PrintMembers(fi);

        // Instance properties.
        pi = t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic |
            BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine ("// Instance Properties");
        PrintMembers(pi);

        // Instance events.
        ei = t.GetEvents(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic |
            BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Events");
        PrintMembers(ei);

        // Instance methods.
        mi = t.GetMethods(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic
            | BindingFlags.Public);
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Methods");
        PrintMembers(mi);

        Console.WriteLine("\r\nPress ENTER to exit.");
        Console.Read();
    }

    public static void PrintMembers (MemberInfo [] ms)
    {
        foreach (MemberInfo m in ms)
        {
            Console.WriteLine ("{0}{1}", "     ", m);
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

' This program lists all the members of the
' System.IO.BufferedStream class.
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Reflection

Class ListMembers
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        ' Specifies the class.
        Dim t As Type = GetType(System.IO.BufferedStream)
        Console.WriteLine("Listing all the members (public and non public) of the {0} type", t)
        ' Lists static fields first.
        Dim fi As FieldInfo() = t.GetFields((BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Fields")
        PrintMembers(fi)
        ' Static properties.
        Dim pi As PropertyInfo() = t.GetProperties((BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Properties")
        PrintMembers(pi)
        ' Static events.
        Dim ei As EventInfo() = t.GetEvents((BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Events")
        PrintMembers(ei)
        ' Static methods.
        Dim mi As MethodInfo() = t.GetMethods((BindingFlags.Static Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Static Methods")
        PrintMembers(mi)
        ' Constructors.
        Dim ci As ConstructorInfo() = t.GetConstructors((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Constructors")
        PrintMembers(ci)
        ' Instance fields.
        fi = t.GetFields((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Fields")
        PrintMembers(fi)
        ' Instance properties.
        pi = t.GetProperties((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Properties")
        PrintMembers(pi)
        ' Instance events.
        ei = t.GetEvents((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Events")
        PrintMembers(ei)
        ' Instance methods.
        mi = t.GetMethods((BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic Or BindingFlags.Public))
        Console.WriteLine("// Instance Methods")
        PrintMembers(mi)
        Console.WriteLine(ControlChars.CrLf & "Press ENTER to exit.")
        Console.Read()
    End Sub

    Public Shared Sub PrintMembers(ms() As MemberInfo)
        Dim m As MemberInfo
        For Each m In ms
            Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}", "     ", m)
        Next m
        Console.WriteLine()
    End Sub
End Class

Udostępnij za pośrednictwem

Wyświetlanie informacji o typie

System.Type i ConstructorInfo

MemberInfo, MethodInfo, FieldInfo i PropertyInfo

Dodatkowe zasoby