Bewerken

Delen via

Calling and overriding your base type with C++/WinRT

  • Artikel

Important

For essential concepts and terms that support your understanding of how to consume and author runtime classes with C++/WinRT, see Consume APIs with C++/WinRT and Author APIs with C++/WinRT.

Implementing overridable methods, such as MeasureOverride and OnApplyTemplate

There are some extension points in XAML that your application can plug into, for example:

You derive a custom control from the Control runtime class, which itself further derives from base runtime classes. And there are overridable methods of Control, FrameworkElement, and UIElement that you can override in your derived class. Here's a code example showing you how to do that.

struct BgLabelControl : BgLabelControlT<BgLabelControl>
{
...
    // Control overrides.
    void OnPointerPressed(Windows::UI::Xaml::Input::PointerRoutedEventArgs const& /* e */) const { ... };

    // FrameworkElement overrides.
    Windows::Foundation::Size MeasureOverride(Windows::Foundation::Size const& /* availableSize */) const { ... };
    void OnApplyTemplate() const { ... };

    // UIElement overrides.
    Windows::UI::Xaml::Automation::Peers::AutomationPeer OnCreateAutomationPeer() const { ... };
...
};

Overridable methods present themselves differently in different language projections. In C#, for example, overridable methods typically appear as protected virtual methods. In C++/WinRT, they're neither virtual nor protected, but you can still override them and provide your own implementation, as shown above.

If you're overriding one of these overridable methods in C++/WinRT, then your runtimeclass IDL mustn't declare the method. For more info about the base_type syntax shown, see the next section in this topic (Calling your base type).

IDL

namespace Example
{
    runtimeclass CustomVSM : Windows.UI.Xaml.VisualStateManager
    {
        CustomVSM();
        // note that we don't declare GoToStateCore here
    }
}

C++/WinRT

namespace winrt::Example::implementation
{
    struct CustomVSM : CustomVSMT<CustomVSM>
    {
        CustomVSM() {}

        bool GoToStateCore(winrt::Windows::UI::Xaml::Controls::Control const& control, winrt::Windows::UI::Xaml::FrameworkElement const& templateRoot, winrt::hstring const& stateName, winrt::Windows::UI::Xaml::VisualStateGroup const& group, winrt::Windows::UI::Xaml::VisualState const& state, bool useTransitions) {
            return base_type::GoToStateCore(control, templateRoot, stateName, group, state, useTransitions);
        }
    };
}

Calling your base type

You can access your base type, and call methods on it, by using the type alias base_type. We saw an example of this in the previous section; but you can use base_type to access any base class member (not just overridden methods). Here's an example:

struct MyDerivedRuntimeClass : MyDerivedRuntimeClassT<MyDerivedRuntimeClass>
{
    ...

    void Foo()
    {
        // Call my base type's Bar method.
        base_type::Bar();
    }
};

Important APIs