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Smart Card Driver Debugging

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Note

Checked builds were available on older versions of Windows, before Windows 10 version 1803. Use tools such as Driver Verifier and GFlags to check driver code in later versions of Windows.

The smart card driver libraries support several debugging features. Each debugging feature is represented by one of the following constants, which are defined in the Smclib.h header file:

DEBUG_IOCTL
DEBUG_ATR
DEBUG_PROTOCOL
DEBUG_DRIVER
DEBUG_TRACE
DEBUG_ERROR
DEBUG_BREAK
DEBUG_ALL

The combined set of enabled debugging features is represented by a value called the debugging level. You can calculate this value by taking the bitwise OR of the constants that correspond to the features you want to enable.

There are two ways to set the debugging level. First, you can use the smart card driver test program, Scdrvtst, that comes with the Windows Driver Kit (WDK). The second is to use the SmartcardSetDebugLevel smart card driver library routine.

In both cases, you must pass the value for the debugging level you want to the program or routine that sets the debugging level. For instance, to set the debugging level from the driver by using a smart card library routine, make the following call:

SmartcardSetDebugLevel(DebugLevel);

To write debugging messages from a reader driver, the driver must call the following routine:

SmartcardDebug(
 ULONG DebugLevel,
 PCHAR Message
);

Important

You must install the checked version of the operating system and the checked version of the driver to get debugging messages.

This routine can also be used to write messages to a remote debugger in the following ways.

  • To write error messages, use the DEBUG_ERROR constant for the DebugLevel.

  • To write standard driver messages, use the DEBUG_DRIVER constant.

  • To write trace messages that indicate when the reader driver enters or exits a routine, use DEBUG_TRACE as the DebugLevel.

While developing a driver, use the checked version of the smart card driver library and set the debugging level to the maximum by using SmartcardSetDebugLevel(DEBUG_ALL) in your DriverEntry routine.

For information about setting up a remote debugging session, see Windows Debugging.