ExSetTimer function (wdm.h)
The ExSetTimer routine starts a timer operation and sets the timer to expire at the specified due time.
Syntax
BOOLEAN ExSetTimer(
[in] PEX_TIMER Timer,
[in] LONGLONG DueTime,
[in] LONGLONG Period,
[in, optional] PEXT_SET_PARAMETERS Parameters
);
Parameters
[in] Timer
A pointer to an EX_TIMER structure. This structure is a timer object that was previously allocated by the ExAllocateTimer routine.
[in] DueTime
The absolute or relative time at which the timer is to expire. If the value of the DueTime parameter is negative, the expiration time is relative to the current system time. Otherwise, the expiration time is absolute. The expiration time is expressed in system time units (100-nanosecond intervals). Absolute expiration times track any changes in the system time; relative expiration times are not affected by system time changes. An absolute time is expressed as the amount of time passed, in system time units, since the start of the year 1601.
The DueTime parameter for a high-resolution timer must be a relative time (negative value), or the routine bug checks.
[in] Period
An optional period for the timer in system time units (100-nanosecond intervals). Must be less than or equal to MAXLONG. For a timer that is one-shot instead of periodic, set Period to zero.
[in, optional] Parameters
A pointer to an EXT_SET_PARAMETERS structure. The calling driver previously called the ExInitializeSetTimerParameters routine to initialize this structure.
Return value
This routine returns TRUE if it cancels a timer that was pending at the time that the routine was called. Otherwise, the routine returns FALSE. For more information, see Remarks.
Remarks
Your driver can call this routine to set a timer to expire at a future time. The driver can then wait for the timer to expire. Or, the driver can implement a callback routine that is called when the timer expires.
After a driver calls ExSetTimer, the driver can call a routine such as KeWaitForSingleObject or KeWaitForMultipleObjects to wait for the timer to expire. When the timer expires, the operating system signals the timer object.
As an option, the driver can implement an ExTimerCallback callback routine, and supply a pointer to this routine as an input parameter to the ExAllocateTimer routine. When the timer expires, the operating system calls the ExTimerCallback routine.
An ExSetTimer call implicitly cancels any previously started set-timer operation on the timer object specified by Timer. If your driver previously called ExSetTimer to set a timer that uses Timer, and this timer has not yet expired when ExSetTimer is called a second time, the second call cancels the timer from the first call and then starts the new timer. In this case, the second call returns TRUE. However, if the timer started by the first call expires before the second call can cancel this timer, the second call starts the new timer and returns FALSE.
If the Period parameter is nonzero, the timer is periodic. For a periodic timer, the DueTime parameter specifies the time of the initial timer expiration, and Period specifies the interval between subsequent expirations.
The hardware timer used for the system clock signals interrupt requests at uniform intervals, but the handling of these interrupts might be delayed by interrupt processing for other devices. Thus, for a periodic timer, the delay from a periodic expiration time to the time at which the timer object is signaled or the ExTimerCallback routine runs might vary from one period to the next. For more information, see Timer Accuracy.
A periodic timer can expire no more than once per system clock tick. Setting the period of a timer to a value smaller than the interval between system clock ticks does not cause the timer to expire more than once per system clock tick, but might cause the intervals between successive expirations to vary if the system clock rate changes. For example, the operating system might temporarily increase the system clock rate to meet the timing requirements of a high-resolution timer. For more information, see High-Resolution Timers.
For a periodic timer that is not a high-resolution timer, a driver can achieve relatively uniform periodic expirations by setting Period to an integer multiple of the default interval between system clock ticks.
To avoid excessive power consumption, a driver should not set the period of a long-running high-resolution timer to a value less than the default interval between system clock ticks. Otherwise, the system clock timer will continuously generate interrupts at the maximum allowed system clock rate.
For more information, see ExXxxTimer Routines and EX_TIMER Objects.
Requirements
| Requirement | Value |
|---|---|
| Minimum supported client | Available starting with Windows 8.1. |
| Target Platform | Universal |
| Header | wdm.h (include Wdm.h, Ntddk.h, Ntifs.h) |
| Library | Ntoskrnl.lib |
| IRQL | <= DISPATCH_LEVEL |