vector Class

Artikel
07/29/2015

The STL vector class is a class template that stores elements of a given type in a linear arrangement and allows fast random access to any element. The vector class should be the preferred container for a sequence when random-access performance is at a premium. When you are not sure what type of sequence container to use, use vector.

template < 
   class Type,  
   class Allocator = allocator<Type>  
> 
class vector

Parameters

Type
The type of the element to be stored in the vector
Allocator
The type of the object that allocates and deallocates memory for the vector. This argument is optional and the default value is std::allocator*<Type>.*

Remarks

Vectors allow constant time insertions and deletions at the end of the sequence. Inserting or deleting elements in the middle of a vector requires linear time. The performance of the deque Class container is superior with respect to insertions and deletions at the beginning and end of a sequence. The list Class container is superior with respect to insertions and deletions at any location within a sequence.

Vector reallocation occurs when a member function must increase the number of elements contained in the vector beyond its current storage capacity. Other insertions and erasures may alter various storage addresses within the sequence. In all such cases, iterators or references that point at altered portions of the sequence become invalid. If no reallocation happens, only iterators and references before the insertion/deletion point remain valid.

The vector<bool> Class is a full specialization of the class template vector for elements of type bool with an allocator for the underlying type used by the specialization.

The vector<bool> reference Class is a nested class whose objects are able to provide references to elements (single bits) within a vector<bool> object.

Members

Constructors

vector

Constructs a vector of a specific size or with elements of a specific value or with a specific allocator or as a copy of some other vector.

Typedefs

allocator_type	The type of the allocator used by the vector.
const_iterator	A type that represents a random-access read-only iterator.
const_pointer	A type that represents a read-only pointer to an element in a vector.
const_reference	A reference to a const element stored in a vector for reading and performing const operations.
const_reverse_iterator	A read-only reverse iterator.
difference_type	A type that represents the difference between the addresses of two elements in a vector.
iterator	A type that provides a random-access iterator that can read or modify any element in a vector.
pointer	A type that represents a pointer to an element in a vector.
reference	A type that represents a reference to an element stored in a vector.
reverse_iterator	A type that represents a reverse_iterator.
size_type	A type that represents the number of elements in a vector.
value_type	A type that represents the data type stored in a vector.

Member Functions

assign	Replaces the specified elements with copies of the new elements.
at	Returns a reference to the element at a specified location in the vector and throws out_of_range exception if the index is less than zero or greater than or equal to size().
back	Returns a reference to the last element of the vector.
begin	Returns a random-access iterator to the first element in the vector.
capacity	Returns the number of elements that the vector could contain without allocating more storage.
cbegin	Returns a random-access const iterator to the first element in the vector.
cend	Returns a random-access const iterator that points to one pastj the end of the vector.
crbegin	Returns a const reverse_iterator to the last element in a vector.
crend	Returns a const reverse_iterator that points to one before the first element in the vector.
clear	Erases the elements of the vector.
data	Returns a pointer to the first element in the vector.
emplace	Inserts an element constructed in place into the vector at a specified position.
emplace_back	Adds an element constructed in place to the end of the vector.
empty	Tests if the vector contains any elements.
end	Returns a random-access iterator that points to one past the last element of the vector.
erase	Removes an element or a range of elements in a vector from specified positions.
front	Returns a reference to the first element in a vector.
get_allocator	Returns the allocator used by the vector.
insert	Inserts an element or a number of elements into the vector at a specified position.
max_size	Returns the maximum length of the vector.
pop_back	Deletes the element at the end of the vector.
push_back	Adds an element to the end of the vector.
rbegin	Returns an iterator to the first element in a reversed vector.
rend	Returns a reverse_iterator that points to one before the first element.
reserve	Reserves a minimum length of storage for a vector object.
resize	Specifies a new size for a vector.
shrink_to_fit	Discards excess capacity.
size	Returns the number of elements in the vector.
swap	Exchanges the elements of two vectors.

Operators

operator[]	Returns a reference to the vector element at a specified position.
operator=	Replaces the elements of the vector with a copy of another vector.

Requirements

Header: <vector>

Namespace: std

Delen via