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X++ math runtime functions

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This article describes the math run-time functions.

These functions perform mathematical calculations.

abs

Retrieves the absolute value of a real number. Examples:

  • abs(-100.0) returns the value 100.0.
  • abs(30.56) returns the value 30.56.

Syntax

real abs(real arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
arg The number to get the absolute value of.

Return value

The absolute value of arg.

Example

static void absExample(Args _args)
{
    real r1;
    real r2;
    ;
    r1 = abs(-3.14);
    r2 = abs(3.14);
    if (r1 == r2)
    {
        print "abs of values are the same";
        pause;
    }
}

acos

Retrieves the arc cosine of a real number.

Note

Argument values that are outside the -1 to 1 range cause the following run-time error: "Argument for trigonometric function out of range."

Syntax

real acos(real arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
arg The number to retrieve the arc cosine of.

Return value

The arc cosine of arg.

Example

static void acosExample(Args _args)
{
    real r;
    str  s;
    ;
    r = acos(0.0);
    s = strFmt("The arc cosine of 0.0 is %1 ", r);
    print s;
    pause;
}

asin

Retrieves the arc sine of a real number.

Note

Argument values that are outside the -1 to 1 range cause the following run-time error: "Argument for trigonometric function out of range."

Syntax

real asin(real arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
arg The number to calculate the arc sine for.

Return value

The arc sine of the specified number.

Remarks

aSin(0.36) returns 0.37.

atan

Retrieves the arc tangent of a real number.

Syntax

real atan(real arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
arg The number to calculate the arc tangent for.

Return value

The arc tangent of the specified number.

Remarks

aTan(0.36) returns 0.35.

Example

static void atanExample(Args _args)
{
    real r;
    ;
    r = atan(1.0);
    print strFmt("The Arc Tangent of 1.0 is %1", r);
    pause;
}

corrFlagGet

Retrieves the state of the correction flag for a real number.

Syntax

int corrFlagGet(real arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
arg The flag to retrieve the state for.

Return value

A non-zero value if the flag is set; 0 (zero) if the flag is cleared.

Example

The following example displays 1.

static void corrFlagGetExample(Args _args)
{
    real rr;
    rr = corrFlagSet(0.36,2);
    print(corrFlagGet(rr));
}

corrFlagSet

Controls the correction flag for a real number.

Syntax

real corrFlagSet(real real, int arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
real The number in which to turn the correction flag on or off.
arg 0 to turn the flag off; a non-zero value to turn the flag on.

Return value

0 if the flag is now off; a non-zero value if the flag is now on.

cos

Retrieves the cosine of a real number.

Syntax

real cos(real arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
arg The number to find the cosine for.

Return value

The cosine of the specified number.

Remarks

The value of the arg parameter must be in radians.

Example

The following code example displays 0.76.

static void cosExample(Args _arg)
{
    real r;
    ;
    r = cos(15);
    print strFmt("Cos of 15 is %1", r);
    pause;
}

cosh

Retrieves the hyperbolic cosine of a real number.

Note

Argument values that are outside the -250 to 250 range cause the following run-time error: "Argument for trigonometric function out of range."

Syntax

real cosh(real arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
arg The hyperbolic number to calculate the cosine for.

Return value

The hyperbolic cosine of the specified number.

Remarks

The value of the arg parameter must be in radians.

Example

static void coshExample(Args _arg)
{
    real r;
    ;
    r = cosh(0.1);
    print "The hyperbolic cosine of 0.1 is " + num2Str(r, 2, 2, 1, 1);
    pause;
}

decRound

Rounds a number to the specified number of decimal places.

Syntax

real decRound(real figure, int decimals)

Parameters

Parameter Description
figure The number to round.
decimals The number of decimal places to round to.

Return value

The value of the specified number, rounded to the specified number of decimal places.

Remarks

The value of the decimals parameter can be positive, 0 (zero), or negative.

  • decRound(1234.6574,2) returns the value 1234.66.
  • decRound(1234.6574,0) returns the value 1235.
  • decRound(1234.6574,-2) returns the value 1200.
  • decRound(12345.6789,1) returns the value 12345.70.
  • decRound(12345.6789,-1) returns the value 12350.00.

exp

Retrieves the natural antilogarithm of the specified real number.

Syntax

real exp(real arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
arg The real number to calculate the natural antilogarithm for.

Return value

The natural antilogarithm of the specified real number.

Remarks

The calculated natural antilogarithm is the natural logarithm e raised to the power that is indicated by the arg parameter.

Example

static void expExample(Args _arg)
{
    real r1;
    real r2;
    ;
    r1 = exp(2.302585093);
    r2 = exp10(2.302585093);
    print strFmt("exp of 2.302585093 is %1", r1);
    print strFmt("exp10 of 230258 is %1", r2);
    pause;
}

exp10

Retrieves the base-10 antilogarithm of the specified real number.

Syntax

real exp10(real decimal)

Parameters

Parameter Description
decimal The real number to calculate the base-10 antilogarithm for.

Return value

The 10-based antilogarithm of the value of the decimal parameter.

Example

static void exp10Example(Args _arg)
{
    real r1;
    real r2;
    ;
    r1 = exp(2.302585093);
    r2 = exp10(2.302585093);
    print strFmt("exp of 2.302585093 is %1", r1);
    print strFmt("exp10 of 230258 is %1", r2);
    pause;
}

frac

Retrieves the decimal part of a real number.

Syntax

real frac(real decimal)

Parameters

Parameter Description
decimal The real number to retrieve the decimal part for.

Return value

The decimal part of the specified number.

Remarks

frac(12.345) returns the value 0.345.

log10

Retrieves the 10-digit logarithm of a real number.

Syntax

real log10(real arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
arg The number to calculate the logarithm for.

Return value

The base-10 logarithm of the specified number.

Remarks

log10(200) returns the value 2.30.

logN

Retrieves the natural logarithm of the specified real number.

Syntax

real logN(real arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
arg The number to calculate the natural logarithm for.

Return value

The natural logarithm of the specified number.

Remarks

logN(45) returns the value 3.81.

max

Retrieves the larger of two specified values.

anytype max(anytype object1, anytype object2)

Parameters

Parameter Description
object1 The first value.
object2 The second value.

Return value

The larger of the two values that are specified by the object1 and object2 parameters.

Remarks

  • max(12.0,12.1) returns the value 12.1.
  • max(2,33) returns the value 33.

min

Retrieves the smaller of two specified values.

anytype min(anytype object1, anytype object2)

Parameters

Parameter Description
object1 The first value.
object2 The second value.

Return value

The smaller of the two values that are specified by the object1 and object2 parameters.

Remarks

min(2,33) returns the value 2.

Example

static void minExample(Args _arg)
{
    anytype a;
    real r = 3.0;
    real s = 2.0;

    a = min(r, s);
    print num2Str(a, 1, 2, 1, 1) + " is less than the other number.";
}

power

Raises a real number to the power of another real number.

Syntax

real power(real arg, real exponent)

Parameters

Parameter Description
arg The number to calculate the power of.
exponent The number to raise the number that is specified by the arg parameter to.

Return value

The real number that is the number specified by the arg parameter to the power of the number specified by the exponent parameter.

Remarks

  • power(5.0,2.0) returns the value 25.0.
  • power(4.0,0.5) returns the value 2.0.

round

Rounds a real number to the nearest multiple of another real number.

Syntax

real round(real _arg, real _decimals)

Parameters

Parameter Description
_arg The original number.
_decimals The number that the value of the _arg parameter must be rounded to a multiple of.

Return value

The number that is a multiple of the value specified by the _decimals parameter and is closest to the value specified by the _arg parameter.

Remarks

To round a real number to a specified number of decimal places, use the decround function.

Remarks

  • round(123.45,5.00) returns the value 125.00.
  • round(7.45,1.05) returns the value 7.35.
  • round(23.9,5.0) returns the value 25.00.
  • round(26.1,5.0) returns the value 25.00.

sin

Retrieves the sine of a real number.

Syntax

real sin(real _arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
_arg The number to calculate the sine for.

Return value

The sine of the specified real number.

Remarks

The value of the _arg parameter must be in radians.

Example

static void sinExample(Args _arg)
{
    real angleDegrees = 15.0;
    real angleRadians;
    real pi = 3.14;
    real r;
    ;
    angleRadians = pi * angleDegrees / 180;
    r = sin(angleRadians);
    print "sin of a "
        + num2Str(angleDegrees, 2, 2, 1, 1)
        + " degree angle is "
        + num2Str(r, 2, 10, 1, 1);
    pause;
}

sinh

Retrieves the hyperbolic sine of a real number.

Syntax

real sinh(real _arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
_arg The number to calculate the hyperbolic sine for.

Return value

The hyperbolic sine of the specified real number.

Remarks

Values for the _arg parameter that are outside the -250 to 250 range cause the following run-time error: "Argument for trigonometric function out of range."

Example

The following example illustrates the sinh function.

static void sinhExample(Args _arg)
{
    real angleDegrees = 45.0;
    real angleRadians;
    real pi = 3.14;
    real r;
    ;
    angleRadians = pi * angleDegrees / 180;
    r = sinh(angleRadians);
    print "sinh of a "
    + num2Str(angleDegrees, 2, 2, 1, 1)
    + " degree angle is "
    + num2Str(r, 2, 15, 1, 1);
    pause;
}

tan

Retrieves the tangent of a real number.

Syntax

real tan(real arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
arg The real number to calculate the tangent for.

Return value

The tangent of the specified real number.

Remarks

Values for the arg parameter that are outside the -250 to 250 range cause the following run-time error: "Argument for trigonometric function out of range."

Example

The following example illustrates the tan function.

static void tanExample(Args _arg)
{
    real r;
    ;
    r = tan(250);
    print strFmt("Tan of 250 is %1", r);
    pause;
}

tanh

Retrieves the hyperbolic tangent of a real number.

Syntax

real tanh(real _arg)

Parameters

Parameter Description
_arg The number to calculate the hyperbolic tangent for.

Return value

The hyperbolic tangent of the specified real number.

Example

The following example illustrates the tanh function.

static void tanhExample(Args _arg)
{
    real r;
    ;
    r = tanh(0.1);
    print "The hyperbolic tangent of angle 0.1 is "
    + num2Str(r, 2, 10, 1, 1);
    pause;
}

trunc

Truncates a real number by removing any decimal places.

Syntax

real trunc(real _decimal)

Parameters

Parameter Description
_decimal The number to truncate.

Return value

A number that is equivalent to the value of the _decimal parameter after the decimal places have been removed.

Remarks

This function always rounds numbers down to a complete integer.

Example

The following example truncates 2.7147 to 2.00.

static void truncExample(Args _arg)
{
    real r;
    ;
    r = trunc(2.7147);
    print strFmt("r = %1",  r);
    pause;
}