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Change the system time - security policy setting

  • 아티클

Applies to

  • Windows 11
  • Windows 10

Describes the best practices, location, values, policy management, and security considerations for the Change the system time security policy setting.

Reference

This policy setting determines which users can adjust the time on the device's internal clock. This right allows the computer user to change the date and time associated with records in the event logs, database transactions, and the file system. This right is also required by the process that performs time synchronization. This setting doesn't impact the user’s ability to change the time zone or other display characteristics of the system time. For info about assigning the right to change the time zone, see Change the time zone.

Constant: SeSystemtimePrivilege

Possible values

  • User-defined list of accounts
  • Not Defined

Best practices

  • Restrict the Change the system time user right to users with a legitimate need to change the system time.

Location

Computer Configuration\Windows Settings\Security Settings\Local Policies\User Rights Assignment

Default values

By default, members of the Administrators and Local Service groups have this right on workstations and servers. Members of the Administrators, Server Operators, and Local Service groups have this right on domain controllers.

The following table lists the actual and effective default policy values. Default values are also listed on the policy’s property page.

Server type or GPO Default value
Default Domain Policy Not Defined
Default Domain Controller Policy Administrators
Server Operators
Local Service
Stand-Alone Server Default Settings Administrators
Local Service
DC Effective Default Settings Administrators
Server Operators
Local Service
Member Server Effective Default Settings Administrators
Local Service
Client Computer Effective Default Settings Administrators
Local Service

Policy management

This section describes features, tools and guidance to help you manage this policy.

A restart of the device isn't required for this policy setting to be effective.

Any change to the user rights assignment for an account becomes effective the next time the owner of the account logs on.

Group Policy

Settings are applied in the following order through a Group Policy Object (GPO), which will overwrite settings on the local computer at the next Group Policy update:

  1. Local policy settings
  2. Site policy settings
  3. Domain policy settings
  4. OU policy settings

When a local setting is greyed out, it indicates that a GPO currently controls that setting.

Security considerations

This section describes how an attacker might exploit a feature or its configuration, how to implement the countermeasure, and the possible negative consequences of countermeasure implementation.

Vulnerability

Users who can change the time on a computer could cause several problems. For example:

  • Time stamps on event log entries could be made inaccurate
  • Time stamps on files and folders that are created or modified could be incorrect
  • Computers that belong to a domain might not be able to authenticate themselves
  • Users who try to sign in to the domain from devices with inaccurate time might not be able to authenticate.

Also, because the Kerberos authentication protocol requires that the requester and authenticator have their clocks synchronized within an administrator-defined skew period, an attacker who changes a device's time may cause that computer to be unable to obtain or grant Kerberos protocol tickets.

The risk from these types of events is mitigated on most domain controllers, member servers, and end-user computers because the Windows Time Service automatically synchronizes time with domain controllers in the following ways:

  • All desktop client devices and member servers use the authenticating domain controller as their inbound time partner.
  • All domain controllers in a domain nominate the primary domain controller (PDC) emulator operations master as their inbound time partner.
  • All PDC emulator operations masters follow the hierarchy of domains in the selection of their inbound time partner.
  • The PDC emulator operations master at the root of the domain is authoritative for the organization. Therefore, we recommend that you configure this computer to synchronize with a reliable external time server.

This vulnerability becomes much more serious if an attacker is able to change the system time and then stop the Windows Time Service or reconfigure it to synchronize with a time server that isn't accurate.

Countermeasure

Restrict the Change the system time user right to users with a legitimate need to change the system time, such as members of the IT team.

Potential impact

There should be no impact because time synchronization for most organizations should be fully automated for all computers that belong to the domain. Computers that don't belong to the domain should be configured to synchronize with an external source, such as a web service.