CA1820: Test for empty strings using string length

Note

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Item	Value
TypeName	TestForEmptyStringsUsingStringLength
CheckId	CA1820
Category	Microsoft.Performance
Breaking Change	Non-breaking

Cause

A string is compared to the empty string by using System.Object.Equals.

Rule Description

Comparing strings using the System.String.Length property or the System.String.IsNullOrEmpty method is significantly faster than using Equals. This is because Equals executes significantly more MSIL instructions than either IsNullOrEmpty or the number of instructions executed to retrieve the Length property value and compare it to zero.

You should be aware that Equals and Length == 0 behave differently for null strings. If you try to get the value of the Length property on a null string, the common language runtime throws a System.NullReferenceException. If you perform a comparison between a null string and the empty string, the common language runtime does not throw an exception; the comparison returns false. Testing for null does not significantly affect the relative performance of these two approaches. When targeting .NET Framework 2.0, use the IsNullOrEmpty method. Otherwise, use the Length == comparison whenever possible.

How to Fix Violations

To fix a violation of this rule, change the comparison to use the Length property and test for the null string. If targeting .NET Framework 2.0, use the IsNullOrEmpty method.

When to Suppress Warnings

It is safe to suppress a warning from this rule if performance is not an issue.

Example

The following example illustrates the different techniques that are used to look for an empty string.

using System;

namespace PerformanceLibrary
{
   public class StringTester
   {
      string s1 = "test";
        
      public void EqualsTest()
      {
         // Violates rule: TestForEmptyStringsUsingStringLength.
         if (s1 == "")
         {
            Console.WriteLine("s1 equals empty string.");
         }
      }

      // Use for .NET Framework 1.0 and 1.1.
      public void LengthTest()
      {
         // Satisfies rule: TestForEmptyStringsUsingStringLength.
         if (s1 != null && s1.Length == 0)
         {
            Console.WriteLine("s1.Length == 0.");
         }
      }
        
      // Use for .NET Framework 2.0.
      public void NullOrEmptyTest()
      {
         // Satisfies rule: TestForEmptyStringsUsingStringLength.
         if ( !String.IsNullOrEmpty(s1) )
         {
            Console.WriteLine("s1 != null and s1.Length != 0.");
         }
      }
   }
}