시작: 클라이언트 및 서버 동기화
이 항목에서는 단일 테이블에서 초기 데이터 집합을 다운로드한 다음 증분 변경 내용 집합을 다운로드하는 콘솔 응용 프로그램에 대해 설명합니다. 이 응용 프로그램은 단순하게 구성되어 있지만 Sync Framework 설명서의 내용을 기초로 작성된 코드를 다양한 방법으로 보여 줍니다. 클라이언트 및 서버 동기화에 대한 아키텍처 및 클래스를 읽은 사용자는 응용 프로그램에 사용된 주 클래스를 이해하고 있어야 합니다.
예제 코드만 읽어 보아도 이러한 클래스에 대한 내용을 확인할 수 있습니다. 그러나 응용 프로그램을 직접 실행하여 작동 방식을 확인하는 것이 보다 효과적입니다. 코드를 실행하기 전에 다음을 설치해야 합니다.
Sync Framework
응용 프로그램에는 Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.dll, Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.Server.dll 및 Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.SqlServerCe.dll에 대한 참조가 필요합니다.
SQL Server Compact 서비스 팩 1
응용 프로그램에 System.Data.SqlServerCe.dll에 대한 참조가 필요합니다.
서버 데이터베이스 역할을 수행할 SQL Server Compact 외의 SQL Server 버전이 필요합니다.
예제 코드에서는 연결 문자열에
localhost를 사용합니다. Visual Studio와 함께 설치되는 SQL Server Express 인스턴스를 사용하려면localhost를.\sqlexpress로 변경하십시오. 원격 서버를 사용하려면localhost를 해당 서버 이름으로 변경하십시오.Sync Framework 샘플 데이터베이스입니다. 데이터베이스 공급자용 설치 스크립트 방법 항목에서 제공되는 두 스크립트를 실행합니다. 이러한 스크립트를 검토하여 서버 데이터베이스에서 변경 내용 추적이 처리되는 방식을 확인하는 것이 좋습니다.
응용 프로그램은 다음과 같은 6가지 클래스로 구성됩니다.
SampleServerSyncProvider. 이 클래스는 DbServerSyncProvider에서 파생되며 SyncAdapter를 포함합니다.SampleClientSyncProvider. 이 클래스는 SqlCeClientSyncProvider에서 파생됩니다. 이 예제에서 이 클래스는 클라이언트 데이터베이스에 대한 연결 문자열만 포함됩니다.SampleStats. 이 클래스는SyncAgent에서 반환하는 통계를 사용합니다.Program. 이 클래스는 동기화를 설정하고Utility클래스의 메서드를 호출합니다.Utility. 이 클래스는 연결 문자열 정보 보관 및 서버 데이터베이스 변경 등 동기화와 직접적인 관련이 없는 모든 기능을 처리합니다. 전체Utility클래스는 다른 항목에서 사용됩니다. 전체 클래스는 데이터베이스 공급자용 유틸리티 클래스 방법 항목에 나와 있습니다.
API의 주요 요소
전체 코드 예제를 살펴보기 전에 이 응용 프로그램에서 사용하는 API의 몇 가지 주요 섹션을 보여 주는 다음 예제를 검토하는 것이 좋습니다.
SyncTable 만들기
다음 코드 예제에서는 Customer 테이블에 대해 SyncTable 개체를 만들고, 동기화 방향을 지정하며, 클라이언트에서 테이블을 만드는 방법을 지정합니다. 이 경우 클라이언트 데이터베이스에 테이블이 이미 있으면 해당 테이블은 첫 번째 동기화 중에 삭제됩니다.
SyncTable customerSyncTable = new SyncTable("Customer");
customerSyncTable.CreationOption = TableCreationOption.DropExistingOrCreateNewTable;
customerSyncTable.SyncDirection = SyncDirection.DownloadOnly;
this.Configuration.SyncTables.Add(customerSyncTable);
Dim customerSyncTable As New SyncTable("Customer")
customerSyncTable.CreationOption = TableCreationOption.DropExistingOrCreateNewTable
customerSyncTable.SyncDirection = SyncDirection.DownloadOnly
Me.Configuration.SyncTables.Add(customerSyncTable)
SqlSyncAdapterBuilder 사용
이 단원의 각 코드 예제에서는 Customer 테이블에 대한 SyncAdapter를 만듭니다. 동기화 어댑터는 서버 데이터베이스와 상호 작용하는 데 필요한 특정 명령을 서버 동기화 공급자에 제공합니다. 이 응용 프로그램에서는 SqlSyncAdapterBuilder를 사용하여 동기화 어댑터를 만듭니다. 첫 번째 예제에서는 사용자 지정 변경 내용 추적 시스템과 함께 SqlSyncAdapterBuilder를 사용하는 방법을 보여 줍니다. 두 번째 예제에서는 SQL Server 2008에서 제공하는 SQL Server 변경 내용 추적과 함께 SqlSyncAdapterBuilder를 사용하는 방법을 보여 줍니다. 변경 내용 추적에 대한 자세한 내용은 서버 데이터베이스의 변경 내용 추적을 참조하십시오.
작성기를 사용하지 않고 수동으로 명령을 만드는 방법에 대한 자세한 내용은 방법: 클라이언트에 증분 데이터 변경 내용 다운로드를 참조하십시오.
사용자 지정 변경 내용 추적 시스템 사용
사용자 지정 변경 내용 추적 시스템을 사용하려면 SqlSyncAdapterBuilder 및 SyncAdapter에 대한 다음과 같은 정보를 지정합니다.
동기화할 테이블과 삭제 기록 테이블의 이름. 삭제 기록 테이블은 서버 데이터베이스에서 삭제 작업을 추적하는 데 사용됩니다. 자세한 내용은 서버 데이터베이스의 변경 내용 추적을 참조하십시오. 테이블의 스키마가 dbo가 아닌 경우 해당 스키마를 지정해야 합니다.
동기화 방향. 이 항목은
SqlSyncAdapterBuilder가 만드는 명령을 제어합니다. 명령에 대한 자세한 내용은 방법: 스냅숏, 다운로드, 업로드 및 양방향 동기화 지정을 참조하십시오.서버 데이터베이스의 추적 열. 이 열은 새로운 변경 내용만 다운로드되도록 변경을 수행한 시간을 추적하는 데 사용됩니다. 변경을 수행한 위치를 추적하는 열을 추가로 포함할 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 방법: 사용자 지정 변경 내용 추적 시스템 사용을 참조하십시오.
SyncAdapter의 이름. 이 이름은SyncTable의 이름과 일치해야 합니다. 따라서 스키마 이름이 포함되지 않아야 합니다.
SqlSyncAdapterBuilder customerBuilder = new SqlSyncAdapterBuilder(serverConn);
customerBuilder.TableName = "Sales.Customer";
customerBuilder.TombstoneTableName = customerBuilder.TableName + "_Tombstone";
customerBuilder.SyncDirection = SyncDirection.DownloadOnly;
customerBuilder.CreationTrackingColumn = "InsertTimestamp";
customerBuilder.UpdateTrackingColumn = "UpdateTimestamp";
customerBuilder.DeletionTrackingColumn = "DeleteTimestamp";
SyncAdapter customerSyncAdapter = customerBuilder.ToSyncAdapter(false, false, false, false);
customerSyncAdapter.TableName = "Customer";
this.SyncAdapters.Add(customerSyncAdapter);
Dim customerBuilder As New SqlSyncAdapterBuilder(serverConn)
customerBuilder.TableName = "Sales.Customer"
customerBuilder.TombstoneTableName = customerBuilder.TableName + "_Tombstone"
customerBuilder.SyncDirection = SyncDirection.DownloadOnly
customerBuilder.CreationTrackingColumn = "InsertTimestamp"
customerBuilder.UpdateTrackingColumn = "UpdateTimestamp"
customerBuilder.DeletionTrackingColumn = "DeleteTimestamp"
Dim customerSyncAdapter As SyncAdapter = customerBuilder.ToSyncAdapter()
customerSyncAdapter.TableName = "Customer"
Me.SyncAdapters.Add(customerSyncAdapter)
SQL Server 변경 내용 추적 사용
SQL Server 변경 내용 추적을 사용하려면 SqlSyncAdapterBuilder 및 SyncAdapter에 대한 다음과 같은 정보를 지정합니다.
동기화할 테이블의 이름
동기화 방향. 이 항목은
SqlSyncAdapterBuilder가 만드는 명령을 제어합니다. 명령에 대한 자세한 내용은 방법: 스냅숏, 다운로드, 업로드 및 양방향 동기화 지정을 참조하십시오.사용할 변경 내용 추적의 유형. Sync Framework에서는 기본적으로 사용자 지정 변경 내용 추적 열을 지정해야 합니다. 이 코드 예제에서는 SQL Server 변경 내용 추적을 지정합니다.
SyncAdapter의 이름. 이 이름은SyncTable의 이름과 일치해야 합니다. 따라서 스키마 이름이 포함되지 않아야 합니다.
SqlSyncAdapterBuilder customerBuilder = new SqlSyncAdapterBuilder(serverConn);
customerBuilder.TableName = "Sales.Customer";
customerBuilder.ChangeTrackingType = ChangeTrackingType.SqlServerChangeTracking;
SyncAdapter customerSyncAdapter = customerBuilder.ToSyncAdapter();
customerSyncAdapter.TableName = "Customer";
this.SyncAdapters.Add(customerSyncAdapter);
Dim customerBuilder As New SqlSyncAdapterBuilder(serverConn)
customerBuilder.TableName = "Sales.Customer"
customerBuilder.ChangeTrackingType = ChangeTrackingType.SqlServerChangeTracking
Dim customerSyncAdapter As SyncAdapter = customerBuilder.ToSyncAdapter()
customerSyncAdapter.TableName = "Customer"
Me.SyncAdapters.Add(customerSyncAdapter)
새 앵커 명령 지정
다음 코드 예제에서는 서버에서 새 앵커 값을 검색하는 명령을 지정합니다. 이 값은 클라이언트 데이터베이스에 저장되며 변경 내용을 동기화하는 명령에서 사용됩니다. 각 동기화 동안 이전 동기화의 새 앵커 값과 마지막 앵커 값을 사용합니다. 이러한 상한과 하한 사이의 변경 내용 집합이 동기화됩니다.
이 경우 MIN_ACTIVE_ROWVERSION은 SQL Server 데이터베이스에서 타임스탬프 값을 반환합니다. MIN_ACTIVE_ROWVERSION은 SQL Server 2005 서비스 팩 2에서 도입되었습니다. SqlSyncAdapterBuilder에 대해 지정되는 추적 열에는 타임스탬프 값이 포함되므로 여기서 타임스탬프 값이 사용됩니다. 추적 열에 날짜 값이 포함된 경우에는 MIN_ACTIVE_ROWVERSION 대신 GETUTCDATE() 등의 함수를 사용할 수 있습니다. 앵커에 대한 자세한 내용은 서버 데이터베이스의 변경 내용 추적를 참조하십시오.
SyncSession 클래스에는 동기화 명령에 사용할 수 있는 몇 가지 문자열 상수가 포함되어 있으며, 그 중 하나가 SyncNewReceivedAnchor입니다. 리터럴 @sync_new_received_anchor를 쿼리에서 직접 사용할 수도 있습니다.
SqlCommand selectNewAnchorCommand = new SqlCommand();
string newAnchorVariable = "@" + SyncSession.SyncNewReceivedAnchor;
selectNewAnchorCommand.CommandText = "SELECT " + newAnchorVariable + " = min_active_rowversion() - 1";
selectNewAnchorCommand.Parameters.Add(newAnchorVariable, SqlDbType.Timestamp);
selectNewAnchorCommand.Parameters[newAnchorVariable].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
selectNewAnchorCommand.Connection = serverConn;
this.SelectNewAnchorCommand = selectNewAnchorCommand;
Dim selectNewAnchorCommand As New SqlCommand()
Dim newAnchorVariable As String = "@" + SyncSession.SyncNewReceivedAnchor
selectNewAnchorCommand.CommandText = "SELECT " + newAnchorVariable + " = min_active_rowversion() - 1"
selectNewAnchorCommand.Parameters.Add(newAnchorVariable, SqlDbType.Timestamp)
selectNewAnchorCommand.Parameters(newAnchorVariable).Direction = ParameterDirection.Output
selectNewAnchorCommand.Connection = serverConn
Me.SelectNewAnchorCommand = selectNewAnchorCommand
동기화 메서드 호출
다음 코드 예제에서는 SampleSyncAgent를 인스턴스화하고 Synchronize 메서드를 호출합니다. SampleSyncAgent 클래스에서 SampleClientSyncProvider는 LocalProvider로 지정되고 SampleServerSyncProvider는 RemoteProvider 및 앞서 설명한 동기화 테이블로 지정됩니다.
SampleSyncAgent sampleSyncAgent = new SampleSyncAgent();
SyncStatistics syncStatistics = sampleSyncAgent.Synchronize();
Dim sampleSyncAgent As New SampleSyncAgent()
Dim syncStatistics As SyncStatistics = sampleSyncAgent.Synchronize()
SampleStats 클래스에서 SyncAgent가 반환하는 통계는 사용자에게 동기화 세션에 대한 피드백을 제공하는 데 사용됩니다. 자세한 내용은 방법: 이벤트 및 프로그램 비즈니스 논리 사용을 참조하십시오.
Console.WriteLine("Start Time: " + syncStatistics.SyncStartTime);
Console.WriteLine("Total Changes Downloaded: " + syncStatistics.TotalChangesDownloaded);
Console.WriteLine("Complete Time: " + syncStatistics.SyncCompleteTime);
Console.WriteLine(String.Empty);
Console.WriteLine("Start Time: " & syncStatistics.SyncStartTime)
Console.WriteLine("Total Changes Downloaded: " & syncStatistics.TotalChangesDownloaded)
Console.WriteLine("Complete Time: " & syncStatistics.SyncCompleteTime)
Console.WriteLine(String.Empty)
전체 코드 예제
동기화에 관련된 코드의 주요 섹션을 살펴보았습니다. 이러한 섹션은 여기서 자세하게 설명하는 완전한 하나의 응용 프로그램에 결합됩니다. 이 응용 프로그램을 실행한 후에는 일반적인 클라이언트 및 서버 동기화 태스크 프로그래밍 단원의 항목을 읽어 보는 것이 좋습니다. 이 항목에는 코드 예제에 사용된 것과 같은 클래스가 나와 있습니다. 그러나 이러한 클래스는 보다 복잡한 방식으로 여러 테이블에 추가로 적용됩니다.
사용자 지정 변경 내용 추적을 사용한 전체 예제
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Data.SqlServerCe;
using Microsoft.Synchronization;
using Microsoft.Synchronization.Data;
using Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.Server;
using Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.SqlServerCe;
namespace Microsoft.Samples.Synchronization
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//The SampleStats class handles information from the SyncStatistics
//object that the Synchronize method returns.
SampleStats sampleStats = new SampleStats();
//Delete and re-create the database. The client synchronization
//provider also enables you to create the client database
//if it does not exist.
Utility.SetClientPassword();
Utility.RecreateCompactDatabase();
//Initial synchronization. Instantiate the SyncAgent
//and call Synchronize.
SampleSyncAgent sampleSyncAgent = new SampleSyncAgent();
SyncStatistics syncStatistics = sampleSyncAgent.Synchronize();
sampleStats.DisplayStats(syncStatistics, "initial");
//Make changes on the server.
Utility.MakeDataChangesOnServer();
//Subsequent synchronization.
syncStatistics = sampleSyncAgent.Synchronize();
sampleStats.DisplayStats(syncStatistics, "subsequent");
//Return server data back to its original state.
Utility.CleanUpServer();
//Exit.
Console.Write("\nPress Enter to close the window.");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
//Create a class that is derived from
//Microsoft.Synchronization.SyncAgent.
public class SampleSyncAgent : SyncAgent
{
public SampleSyncAgent()
{
//Instantiate a client synchronization provider and specify it
//as the local provider for this synchronization agent.
this.LocalProvider = new SampleClientSyncProvider();
//Instantiate a server synchronization provider and specify it
//as the remote provider for this synchronization agent.
this.RemoteProvider = new SampleServerSyncProvider();
//Add the Customer table: specify a synchronization direction of
//DownloadOnly.
SyncTable customerSyncTable = new SyncTable("Customer");
customerSyncTable.CreationOption = TableCreationOption.DropExistingOrCreateNewTable;
customerSyncTable.SyncDirection = SyncDirection.DownloadOnly;
this.Configuration.SyncTables.Add(customerSyncTable);
}
}
//Create a class that is derived from
//Microsoft.Synchronization.Server.DbServerSyncProvider.
public class SampleServerSyncProvider : DbServerSyncProvider
{
public SampleServerSyncProvider()
{
//Create a connection to the sample server database.
Utility util = new Utility();
SqlConnection serverConn = new SqlConnection(Utility.ConnStr_DbServerSync);
this.Connection = serverConn;
//Create a command to retrieve a new anchor value from
//the server. In this case, we use a timestamp value
//that is retrieved and stored in the client database.
//During each synchronization, the new anchor value and
//the last anchor value from the previous synchronization
//are used: the set of changes between these upper and
//lower bounds is synchronized.
//
//SyncSession.SyncNewReceivedAnchor is a string constant;
//you could also use @sync_new_received_anchor directly in
//your queries.
SqlCommand selectNewAnchorCommand = new SqlCommand();
string newAnchorVariable = "@" + SyncSession.SyncNewReceivedAnchor;
selectNewAnchorCommand.CommandText = "SELECT " + newAnchorVariable + " = min_active_rowversion() - 1";
selectNewAnchorCommand.Parameters.Add(newAnchorVariable, SqlDbType.Timestamp);
selectNewAnchorCommand.Parameters[newAnchorVariable].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
selectNewAnchorCommand.Connection = serverConn;
this.SelectNewAnchorCommand = selectNewAnchorCommand;
//Create a SyncAdapter for the Customer table by using
//the SqlSyncAdapterBuilder:
// * Specify the base table and tombstone table names.
// * Specify the columns that are used to track when
// changes are made.
// * Specify download-only synchronization.
// * Call ToSyncAdapter to create the SyncAdapter.
// * Specify a name for the SyncAdapter that matches the
// the name specified for the corresponding SyncTable.
// Do not include the schema names (Sales in this case).
SqlSyncAdapterBuilder customerBuilder = new SqlSyncAdapterBuilder(serverConn);
customerBuilder.TableName = "Sales.Customer";
customerBuilder.TombstoneTableName = customerBuilder.TableName + "_Tombstone";
customerBuilder.SyncDirection = SyncDirection.DownloadOnly;
customerBuilder.CreationTrackingColumn = "InsertTimestamp";
customerBuilder.UpdateTrackingColumn = "UpdateTimestamp";
customerBuilder.DeletionTrackingColumn = "DeleteTimestamp";
SyncAdapter customerSyncAdapter = customerBuilder.ToSyncAdapter(false, false, false, false);
customerSyncAdapter.TableName = "Customer";
this.SyncAdapters.Add(customerSyncAdapter);
}
}
//Create a class that is derived from
//Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.SqlServerCe.SqlCeClientSyncProvider.
//You can just instantiate the provider directly and associate it
//with the SyncAgent, but you could use this class to handle client
//provider events and other client-side processing.
public class SampleClientSyncProvider : SqlCeClientSyncProvider
{
public SampleClientSyncProvider()
{
//Specify a connection string for the sample client database.
Utility util = new Utility();
this.ConnectionString = Utility.ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync;
}
}
//Handle the statistics that are returned by the SyncAgent.
public class SampleStats
{
public void DisplayStats(SyncStatistics syncStatistics, string syncType)
{
Console.WriteLine(String.Empty);
if (syncType == "initial")
{
Console.WriteLine("****** Initial Synchronization ******");
}
else if (syncType == "subsequent")
{
Console.WriteLine("***** Subsequent Synchronization ****");
}
Console.WriteLine("Start Time: " + syncStatistics.SyncStartTime);
Console.WriteLine("Total Changes Downloaded: " + syncStatistics.TotalChangesDownloaded);
Console.WriteLine("Complete Time: " + syncStatistics.SyncCompleteTime);
Console.WriteLine(String.Empty);
}
}
public class Utility
{
private static string _clientPassword;
//Get and set the client database password.
public static string Password
{
get { return _clientPassword; }
set { _clientPassword = value; }
}
//Have the user enter a password for the client database file.
public static void SetClientPassword()
{
Console.WriteLine("Type a strong password for the client");
Console.WriteLine("database, and then press Enter.");
Utility.Password = Console.ReadLine();
}
//Return the client connection string with the password.
public static string ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync
{
get { return @"Data Source='SyncSampleClient.sdf'; Password=" + Utility.Password; }
}
//Return the server connection string.
public static string ConnStr_DbServerSync
{
get { return @"Data Source=localhost; Initial Catalog=SyncSamplesDb; Integrated Security=True"; }
}
//Make server changes that are synchronized on the second
//synchronization.
public static void MakeDataChangesOnServer()
{
int rowCount = 0;
using (SqlConnection serverConn = new SqlConnection(Utility.ConnStr_DbServerSync))
{
SqlCommand sqlCommand = serverConn.CreateCommand();
sqlCommand.CommandText =
"INSERT INTO Sales.Customer (CustomerName, SalesPerson, CustomerType) " +
"VALUES ('Cycle Mart', 'James Bailey', 'Retail') " +
"UPDATE Sales.Customer " +
"SET SalesPerson = 'James Bailey' " +
"WHERE CustomerName = 'Tandem Bicycle Store' " +
"DELETE FROM Sales.Customer WHERE CustomerName = 'Sharp Bikes'";
serverConn.Open();
rowCount = sqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
serverConn.Close();
}
Console.WriteLine("Rows inserted, updated, or deleted at the server: " + rowCount);
}
//Revert changes that were made during synchronization.
public static void CleanUpServer()
{
using (SqlConnection serverConn = new SqlConnection(Utility.ConnStr_DbServerSync))
{
SqlCommand sqlCommand = serverConn.CreateCommand();
sqlCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
sqlCommand.CommandText = "usp_InsertSampleData";
serverConn.Open();
sqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
serverConn.Close();
}
}
//Delete the client database.
public static void RecreateCompactDatabase()
{
using (SqlCeConnection clientConn = new SqlCeConnection(Utility.ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync))
{
if (File.Exists(clientConn.Database))
{
File.Delete(clientConn.Database);
}
}
SqlCeEngine sqlCeEngine = new SqlCeEngine(Utility.ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync);
sqlCeEngine.CreateDatabase();
}
}
}
Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports System.Data.SqlServerCe
Imports Microsoft.Synchronization
Imports Microsoft.Synchronization.Data
Imports Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.Server
Imports Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.SqlServerCe
Class Program
Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
'The SampleStats class handles information from the SyncStatistics
'object that the Synchronize method returns.
Dim sampleStats As New SampleStats()
'Delete and re-create the database. The client synchronization
'provider also enables you to create the client database
'if it does not exist.
Utility.SetClientPassword()
Utility.RecreateCompactDatabase()
'Initial synchronization. Instantiate the SyncAgent
'and call Synchronize.
Dim sampleSyncAgent As New SampleSyncAgent()
Dim syncStatistics As SyncStatistics = sampleSyncAgent.Synchronize()
sampleStats.DisplayStats(syncStatistics, "initial")
'Make changes on the server.
Utility.MakeDataChangesOnServer()
'Subsequent synchronization.
syncStatistics = sampleSyncAgent.Synchronize()
sampleStats.DisplayStats(syncStatistics, "subsequent")
'Return server data back to its original state.
Utility.CleanUpServer()
'Exit.
Console.Write(vbLf + "Press Enter to close the window.")
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub 'Main
End Class 'Program
'Create a class that is derived from
'Microsoft.Synchronization.SyncAgent.
Public Class SampleSyncAgent
Inherits SyncAgent
Public Sub New()
'Instantiate a client synchronization provider and specify it
'as the local provider for this synchronization agent.
Me.LocalProvider = New SampleClientSyncProvider()
'Instantiate a server synchronization provider and specify it
'as the remote provider for this synchronization agent.
Me.RemoteProvider = New SampleServerSyncProvider()
'Add the Customer table: specify a synchronization direction of
'DownloadOnly.
Dim customerSyncTable As New SyncTable("Customer")
customerSyncTable.CreationOption = TableCreationOption.DropExistingOrCreateNewTable
customerSyncTable.SyncDirection = SyncDirection.DownloadOnly
Me.Configuration.SyncTables.Add(customerSyncTable)
End Sub 'New
End Class 'SampleSyncAgent
'Create a class that is derived from
'Microsoft.Synchronization.Server.DbServerSyncProvider.
Public Class SampleServerSyncProvider
Inherits DbServerSyncProvider
Public Sub New()
'Create a connection to the sample server database.
Dim util As New Utility()
Dim serverConn As New SqlConnection(Utility.ConnStr_DbServerSync)
Me.Connection = serverConn
'Create a command to retrieve a new anchor value from
'the server. In this case, we use a timestamp value
'that is retrieved and stored in the client database.
'During each synchronization, the new anchor value and
'the last anchor value from the previous synchronization
'are used: the set of changes between these upper and
'lower bounds is synchronized.
'
'SyncSession.SyncNewReceivedAnchor is a string constant;
'you could also use @sync_new_received_anchor directly in
'your queries.
Dim selectNewAnchorCommand As New SqlCommand()
Dim newAnchorVariable As String = "@" + SyncSession.SyncNewReceivedAnchor
selectNewAnchorCommand.CommandText = "SELECT " + newAnchorVariable + " = min_active_rowversion() - 1"
selectNewAnchorCommand.Parameters.Add(newAnchorVariable, SqlDbType.Timestamp)
selectNewAnchorCommand.Parameters(newAnchorVariable).Direction = ParameterDirection.Output
selectNewAnchorCommand.Connection = serverConn
Me.SelectNewAnchorCommand = selectNewAnchorCommand
'Create a SyncAdapter for the Customer table by using
'the SqlSyncAdapterBuilder:
' * Specify the base table and tombstone table names.
' * Specify the columns that are used to track when
' changes are made.
' * Specify download-only synchronization.
' * Call ToSyncAdapter to create the SyncAdapter.
' * Specify a name for the SyncAdapter that matches the
' the name specified for the corresponding SyncTable.
' Do not include the schema names (Sales in this case).
Dim customerBuilder As New SqlSyncAdapterBuilder(serverConn)
customerBuilder.TableName = "Sales.Customer"
customerBuilder.TombstoneTableName = customerBuilder.TableName + "_Tombstone"
customerBuilder.SyncDirection = SyncDirection.DownloadOnly
customerBuilder.CreationTrackingColumn = "InsertTimestamp"
customerBuilder.UpdateTrackingColumn = "UpdateTimestamp"
customerBuilder.DeletionTrackingColumn = "DeleteTimestamp"
Dim customerSyncAdapter As SyncAdapter = customerBuilder.ToSyncAdapter()
customerSyncAdapter.TableName = "Customer"
Me.SyncAdapters.Add(customerSyncAdapter)
End Sub 'New
End Class 'SampleServerSyncProvider
'Create a class that is derived from
'Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.SqlServerCe.SqlCeClientSyncProvider.
'You can just instantiate the provider directly and associate it
'with the SyncAgent, but you could use this class to handle client
'provider events and other client-side processing.
Public Class SampleClientSyncProvider
Inherits SqlCeClientSyncProvider
Public Sub New()
'Specify a connection string for the sample client database.
Dim util As New Utility()
Me.ConnectionString = Utility.ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync
End Sub 'New
End Class 'SampleClientSyncProvider
'Handle the statistics that are returned by the SyncAgent.
Public Class SampleStats
Public Sub DisplayStats(ByVal syncStatistics As SyncStatistics, ByVal syncType As String)
Console.WriteLine(String.Empty)
If syncType = "initial" Then
Console.WriteLine("****** Initial Synchronization ******")
ElseIf syncType = "subsequent" Then
Console.WriteLine("***** Subsequent Synchronization ****")
End If
Console.WriteLine("Start Time: " & syncStatistics.SyncStartTime)
Console.WriteLine("Total Changes Downloaded: " & syncStatistics.TotalChangesDownloaded)
Console.WriteLine("Complete Time: " & syncStatistics.SyncCompleteTime)
Console.WriteLine(String.Empty)
End Sub 'DisplayStats
End Class 'SampleStats
Public Class Utility
Private Shared _clientPassword As String
'Get and set the client database password.
Public Shared Property Password() As String
Get
Return _clientPassword
End Get
Set(ByVal value As String)
_clientPassword = value
End Set
End Property
'Have the user enter a password for the client database file.
Public Shared Sub SetClientPassword()
Console.WriteLine("Type a strong password for the client")
Console.WriteLine("database, and then press Enter.")
Utility.Password = Console.ReadLine()
End Sub 'SetClientPassword
'Return the client connection string with the password.
Public Shared ReadOnly Property ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync() As String
Get
Return "Data Source='SyncSampleClient.sdf'; Password=" + Utility.Password
End Get
End Property
'Return the server connection string.
Public Shared ReadOnly Property ConnStr_DbServerSync() As String
Get
Return "Data Source=localhost; Initial Catalog=SyncSamplesDb; Integrated Security=True"
End Get
End Property
'Make server changes that are synchronized on the second
'synchronization.
Public Shared Sub MakeDataChangesOnServer()
Dim rowCount As Integer = 0
Dim serverConn As New SqlConnection(Utility.ConnStr_DbServerSync)
Try
Dim sqlCommand As SqlCommand = serverConn.CreateCommand()
sqlCommand.CommandText = _
"INSERT INTO Sales.Customer (CustomerName, SalesPerson, CustomerType) " _
& "VALUES ('Cycle Mart', 'James Bailey', 'Retail') " _
& "UPDATE Sales.Customer " _
& "SET SalesPerson = 'James Bailey' " _
& "WHERE CustomerName = 'Tandem Bicycle Store' " _
& "DELETE FROM Sales.Customer WHERE CustomerName = 'Sharp Bikes'"
serverConn.Open()
rowCount = sqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
serverConn.Close()
Finally
serverConn.Dispose()
End Try
Console.WriteLine("Rows inserted, updated, or deleted at the server: " & rowCount)
End Sub 'MakeDataChangesOnServer
'Revert changes that were made during synchronization.
Public Shared Sub CleanUpServer()
Dim serverConn As New SqlConnection(Utility.ConnStr_DbServerSync)
Try
Dim sqlCommand As SqlCommand = serverConn.CreateCommand()
sqlCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure
sqlCommand.CommandText = "usp_InsertSampleData"
serverConn.Open()
sqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
serverConn.Close()
Finally
serverConn.Dispose()
End Try
End Sub 'CleanUpServer
'Delete the client database.
Public Shared Sub RecreateCompactDatabase()
Dim clientConn As New SqlCeConnection(Utility.ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync)
Try
If File.Exists(clientConn.Database) Then
File.Delete(clientConn.Database)
End If
Finally
clientConn.Dispose()
End Try
Dim sqlCeEngine As New SqlCeEngine(Utility.ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync)
sqlCeEngine.CreateDatabase()
End Sub 'RecreateClientDatabase
End Class 'Utility
SQL Server 변경 내용 추적을 사용한 전체 예제
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Data.SqlServerCe;
using Microsoft.Synchronization;
using Microsoft.Synchronization.Data;
using Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.Server;
using Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.SqlServerCe;
namespace Microsoft.Samples.Synchronization
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//The SampleStats class handles information from the SyncStatistics
//object that the Synchronize method returns.
SampleStats sampleStats = new SampleStats();
//Delete and re-create the database. The client synchronization
//provider also enables you to create the client database
//if it does not exist.
Utility.SetClientPassword();
Utility.RecreateCompactDatabase();
//Initial synchronization. Instantiate the SyncAgent
//and call Synchronize.
SampleSyncAgent sampleSyncAgent = new SampleSyncAgent();
SyncStatistics syncStatistics = sampleSyncAgent.Synchronize();
sampleStats.DisplayStats(syncStatistics, "initial");
//Make changes on the server.
Utility.MakeDataChangesOnServer();
//Subsequent synchronization.
syncStatistics = sampleSyncAgent.Synchronize();
sampleStats.DisplayStats(syncStatistics, "subsequent");
//Return server data back to its original state.
Utility.CleanUpServer();
//Exit.
Console.Write("\nPress Enter to close the window.");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
//Create a class that is derived from
//Microsoft.Synchronization.SyncAgent.
public class SampleSyncAgent : SyncAgent
{
public SampleSyncAgent()
{
//Instantiate a client synchronization provider and specify it
//as the local provider for this synchronization agent.
this.LocalProvider = new SampleClientSyncProvider();
//Instantiate a server synchronization provider and specify it
//as the remote provider for this synchronization agent.
this.RemoteProvider = new SampleServerSyncProvider();
//Add the Customer table: specify a synchronization direction of
//DownloadOnly.
SyncTable customerSyncTable = new SyncTable("Customer");
customerSyncTable.CreationOption = TableCreationOption.DropExistingOrCreateNewTable;
customerSyncTable.SyncDirection = SyncDirection.DownloadOnly;
this.Configuration.SyncTables.Add(customerSyncTable);
}
}
//Create a class that is derived from
//Microsoft.Synchronization.Server.DbServerSyncProvider.
public class SampleServerSyncProvider : DbServerSyncProvider
{
public SampleServerSyncProvider()
{
//Create a connection to the sample server database.
Utility util = new Utility();
SqlConnection serverConn = new SqlConnection(Utility.ConnStr_DbServerSync);
this.Connection = serverConn;
//Create a command to retrieve a new anchor value from
//the server. In this case, we use a timestamp value
//that is retrieved and stored in the client database.
//During each synchronization, the new anchor value and
//the last anchor value from the previous synchronization
//are used: the set of changes between these upper and
//lower bounds is synchronized.
//
//SyncSession.SyncNewReceivedAnchor is a string constant;
//you could also use @sync_new_received_anchor directly in
//your queries.
SqlCommand selectNewAnchorCommand = new SqlCommand();
string newAnchorVariable = "@" + SyncSession.SyncNewReceivedAnchor;
selectNewAnchorCommand.CommandText =
"SELECT " + newAnchorVariable + " = change_tracking_current_version()";
selectNewAnchorCommand.Parameters.Add(newAnchorVariable, SqlDbType.BigInt);
selectNewAnchorCommand.Parameters[newAnchorVariable].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;
selectNewAnchorCommand.Connection = serverConn;
this.SelectNewAnchorCommand = selectNewAnchorCommand;
//Create a SyncAdapter for the Customer table by using
//the SqlSyncAdapterBuilder:
// * Specify the base table name.
// * Specify that the server uses SQL Server change tracking.
// * Specify download-only synchronization.
// * Call ToSyncAdapter to create the SyncAdapter.
// * Specify a name for the SyncAdapter that matches the
// the name specified for the corresponding SyncTable.
// Do not include the schema names (Sales in this case).
SqlSyncAdapterBuilder customerBuilder = new SqlSyncAdapterBuilder(serverConn);
customerBuilder.TableName = "Sales.Customer";
customerBuilder.ChangeTrackingType = ChangeTrackingType.SqlServerChangeTracking;
SyncAdapter customerSyncAdapter = customerBuilder.ToSyncAdapter();
customerSyncAdapter.TableName = "Customer";
this.SyncAdapters.Add(customerSyncAdapter);
}
}
//Create a class that is derived from
//Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.SqlServerCe.SqlCeClientSyncProvider.
//You can just instantiate the provider directly and associate it
//with the SyncAgent, but you could use this class to handle client
//provider events and other client-side processing.
public class SampleClientSyncProvider : SqlCeClientSyncProvider
{
public SampleClientSyncProvider()
{
//Specify a connection string for the sample client database.
Utility util = new Utility();
this.ConnectionString = Utility.ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync;
}
}
//Handle the statistics that are returned by the SyncAgent.
public class SampleStats
{
public void DisplayStats(SyncStatistics syncStatistics, string syncType)
{
Console.WriteLine(String.Empty);
if (syncType == "initial")
{
Console.WriteLine("****** Initial Synchronization ******");
}
else if (syncType == "subsequent")
{
Console.WriteLine("***** Subsequent Synchronization ****");
}
Console.WriteLine("Start Time: " + syncStatistics.SyncStartTime);
Console.WriteLine("Total Changes Downloaded: " + syncStatistics.TotalChangesDownloaded);
Console.WriteLine("Complete Time: " + syncStatistics.SyncCompleteTime);
Console.WriteLine(String.Empty);
}
}
public class Utility
{
private static string _clientPassword;
//Get and set the client database password.
public static string Password
{
get { return _clientPassword; }
set { _clientPassword = value; }
}
//Have the user enter a password for the client database file.
public static void SetClientPassword()
{
Console.WriteLine("Type a strong password for the client");
Console.WriteLine("database, and then press Enter.");
Utility.Password = Console.ReadLine();
}
//Return the client connection string with the password.
public static string ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync
{
get { return @"Data Source='SyncSampleClient.sdf'; Password=" + Utility.Password; }
}
//Return the server connection string.
public static string ConnStr_DbServerSync
{
get { return @"Data Source=localhost; Initial Catalog=SyncSamplesDb_ChangeTracking; Integrated Security=True"; }
}
//Make server changes that are synchronized on the second
//synchronization.
public static void MakeDataChangesOnServer()
{
int rowCount = 0;
using (SqlConnection serverConn = new SqlConnection(Utility.ConnStr_DbServerSync))
{
SqlCommand sqlCommand = serverConn.CreateCommand();
sqlCommand.CommandText =
"INSERT INTO Sales.Customer (CustomerName, SalesPerson, CustomerType) " +
"VALUES ('Cycle Mart', 'James Bailey', 'Retail') " +
"UPDATE Sales.Customer " +
"SET SalesPerson = 'James Bailey' " +
"WHERE CustomerName = 'Tandem Bicycle Store' " +
"DELETE FROM Sales.Customer WHERE CustomerName = 'Sharp Bikes'";
serverConn.Open();
rowCount = sqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
serverConn.Close();
}
Console.WriteLine("Rows inserted, updated, or deleted at the server: " + rowCount);
}
//Revert changes that were made during synchronization.
public static void CleanUpServer()
{
using (SqlConnection serverConn = new SqlConnection(Utility.ConnStr_DbServerSync))
{
SqlCommand sqlCommand = serverConn.CreateCommand();
sqlCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
sqlCommand.CommandText = "usp_InsertSampleData";
serverConn.Open();
sqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
serverConn.Close();
}
}
//Delete the client database.
public static void RecreateCompactDatabase()
{
using (SqlCeConnection clientConn = new SqlCeConnection(Utility.ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync))
{
if (File.Exists(clientConn.Database))
{
File.Delete(clientConn.Database);
}
}
SqlCeEngine sqlCeEngine = new SqlCeEngine(Utility.ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync);
sqlCeEngine.CreateDatabase();
}
}
}
Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports System.Data.SqlServerCe
Imports Microsoft.Synchronization
Imports Microsoft.Synchronization.Data
Imports Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.Server
Imports Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.SqlServerCe
Class Program
Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
'The SampleStats class handles information from the SyncStatistics
'object that the Synchronize method returns.
Dim sampleStats As New SampleStats()
'Delete and re-create the database. The client synchronization
'provider also enables you to create the client database
'if it does not exist.
Utility.SetClientPassword()
Utility.RecreateCompactDatabase()
'Initial synchronization. Instantiate the SyncAgent
'and call Synchronize.
Dim sampleSyncAgent As New SampleSyncAgent()
Dim syncStatistics As SyncStatistics = sampleSyncAgent.Synchronize()
sampleStats.DisplayStats(syncStatistics, "initial")
'Make changes on the server.
Utility.MakeDataChangesOnServer()
'Subsequent synchronization.
syncStatistics = sampleSyncAgent.Synchronize()
sampleStats.DisplayStats(syncStatistics, "subsequent")
'Return server data back to its original state.
Utility.CleanUpServer()
'Exit.
Console.Write(vbLf + "Press Enter to close the window.")
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub 'Main
End Class 'Program
'Create a class that is derived from
'Microsoft.Synchronization.SyncAgent.
Public Class SampleSyncAgent
Inherits SyncAgent
Public Sub New()
'Instantiate a client synchronization provider and specify it
'as the local provider for this synchronization agent.
Me.LocalProvider = New SampleClientSyncProvider()
'Instantiate a server synchronization provider and specify it
'as the remote provider for this synchronization agent.
Me.RemoteProvider = New SampleServerSyncProvider()
'Add the Customer table: specify a synchronization direction of
'DownloadOnly.
Dim customerSyncTable As New SyncTable("Customer")
customerSyncTable.CreationOption = TableCreationOption.DropExistingOrCreateNewTable
customerSyncTable.SyncDirection = SyncDirection.DownloadOnly
Me.Configuration.SyncTables.Add(customerSyncTable)
End Sub 'New
End Class 'SampleSyncAgent
'Create a class that is derived from
'Microsoft.Synchronization.Server.DbServerSyncProvider.
Public Class SampleServerSyncProvider
Inherits DbServerSyncProvider
Public Sub New()
'Create a connection to the sample server database.
Dim util As New Utility()
Dim serverConn As New SqlConnection(Utility.ConnStr_DbServerSync)
Me.Connection = serverConn
'Create a command to retrieve a new anchor value from
'the server. In this case, we use a timestamp value
'that is retrieved and stored in the client database.
'During each synchronization, the new anchor value and
'the last anchor value from the previous synchronization
'are used: the set of changes between these upper and
'lower bounds is synchronized.
'
'SyncSession.SyncNewReceivedAnchor is a string constant;
'you could also use @sync_new_received_anchor directly in
'your queries.
Dim selectNewAnchorCommand As New SqlCommand()
Dim newAnchorVariable As String = "@" + SyncSession.SyncNewReceivedAnchor
With selectNewAnchorCommand
.CommandText = _
"SELECT " + newAnchorVariable + " = change_tracking_current_version()"
.Parameters.Add(newAnchorVariable, SqlDbType.BigInt)
.Parameters(newAnchorVariable).Direction = ParameterDirection.Output
.Connection = serverConn
End With
Me.SelectNewAnchorCommand = selectNewAnchorCommand
'Create a SyncAdapter for the Customer table by using
'the SqlSyncAdapterBuilder:
' * Specify the base table names.
' * Specify that the server uses SQL Server change tracking.
' * Specify download-only synchronization.
' * Call ToSyncAdapter to create the SyncAdapter.
' * Specify a name for the SyncAdapter that matches the
' the name specified for the corresponding SyncTable.
' Do not include the schema names (Sales in this case).
Dim customerBuilder As New SqlSyncAdapterBuilder(serverConn)
customerBuilder.TableName = "Sales.Customer"
customerBuilder.ChangeTrackingType = ChangeTrackingType.SqlServerChangeTracking
Dim customerSyncAdapter As SyncAdapter = customerBuilder.ToSyncAdapter()
customerSyncAdapter.TableName = "Customer"
Me.SyncAdapters.Add(customerSyncAdapter)
End Sub 'New
End Class 'SampleServerSyncProvider
'Create a class that is derived from
'Microsoft.Synchronization.Data.SqlServerCe.SqlCeClientSyncProvider.
'You can just instantiate the provider directly and associate it
'with the SyncAgent, but you could use this class to handle client
'provider events and other client-side processing.
Public Class SampleClientSyncProvider
Inherits SqlCeClientSyncProvider
Public Sub New()
'Specify a connection string for the sample client database.
Dim util As New Utility()
Me.ConnectionString = Utility.ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync
End Sub 'New
End Class 'SampleClientSyncProvider
'Handle the statistics that are returned by the SyncAgent.
Public Class SampleStats
Public Sub DisplayStats(ByVal syncStatistics As SyncStatistics, ByVal syncType As String)
Console.WriteLine(String.Empty)
If syncType = "initial" Then
Console.WriteLine("****** Initial Synchronization ******")
ElseIf syncType = "subsequent" Then
Console.WriteLine("***** Subsequent Synchronization ****")
End If
Console.WriteLine("Start Time: " & syncStatistics.SyncStartTime)
Console.WriteLine("Total Changes Downloaded: " & syncStatistics.TotalChangesDownloaded)
Console.WriteLine("Complete Time: " & syncStatistics.SyncCompleteTime)
Console.WriteLine(String.Empty)
End Sub 'DisplayStats
End Class 'SampleStats
Public Class Utility
Private Shared _clientPassword As String
'Get and set the client database password.
Public Shared Property Password() As String
Get
Return _clientPassword
End Get
Set(ByVal value As String)
_clientPassword = value
End Set
End Property
'Have the user enter a password for the client database file.
Public Shared Sub SetClientPassword()
Console.WriteLine("Type a strong password for the client")
Console.WriteLine("database, and then press Enter.")
Utility.Password = Console.ReadLine()
End Sub 'SetClientPassword
'Return the client connection string with the password.
Public Shared ReadOnly Property ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync() As String
Get
Return "Data Source='SyncSampleClient.sdf'; Password=" + Utility.Password
End Get
End Property
'Return the server connection string.
Public Shared ReadOnly Property ConnStr_DbServerSync() As String
Get
Return "Data Source=localhost; Initial Catalog=SyncSamplesDb_ChangeTracking; Integrated Security=True"
End Get
End Property
'Make server changes that are synchronized on the second
'synchronization.
Public Shared Sub MakeDataChangesOnServer()
Dim rowCount As Integer = 0
Dim serverConn As New SqlConnection(Utility.ConnStr_DbServerSync)
Try
Dim sqlCommand As SqlCommand = serverConn.CreateCommand()
sqlCommand.CommandText = _
"INSERT INTO Sales.Customer (CustomerName, SalesPerson, CustomerType) " _
& "VALUES ('Cycle Mart', 'James Bailey', 'Retail') " _
& "UPDATE Sales.Customer " _
& "SET SalesPerson = 'James Bailey' " _
& "WHERE CustomerName = 'Tandem Bicycle Store' " _
& "DELETE FROM Sales.Customer WHERE CustomerName = 'Sharp Bikes'"
serverConn.Open()
rowCount = sqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
serverConn.Close()
Finally
serverConn.Dispose()
End Try
Console.WriteLine("Rows inserted, updated, or deleted at the server: " & rowCount)
End Sub 'MakeDataChangesOnServer
'Revert changes that were made during synchronization.
Public Shared Sub CleanUpServer()
Dim serverConn As New SqlConnection(Utility.ConnStr_DbServerSync)
Try
Dim sqlCommand As SqlCommand = serverConn.CreateCommand()
sqlCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure
sqlCommand.CommandText = "usp_InsertSampleData"
serverConn.Open()
sqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
serverConn.Close()
Finally
serverConn.Dispose()
End Try
End Sub 'CleanUpServer
'Delete the client database.
Public Shared Sub RecreateCompactDatabase()
Dim clientConn As New SqlCeConnection(Utility.ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync)
Try
If File.Exists(clientConn.Database) Then
File.Delete(clientConn.Database)
End If
Finally
clientConn.Dispose()
End Try
Dim sqlCeEngine As New SqlCeEngine(Utility.ConnStr_SqlCeClientSync)
sqlCeEngine.CreateDatabase()
End Sub 'RecreateClientDatabase
End Class 'Utility