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Migrating Query Plans

In most cases, upgrading a database to SQL Server 2008 will result in improved query performance. However, if you have mission-critical queries that have been carefully tuned for performance, you may want to preserve the query plans for these queries before upgrading by creating a plan guide for each query. If, after upgrading, the query optimizer chooses a less efficient plan for one or more of the queries, you can enable the plan guides and force the query optimizer to use the pre-upgrade plans.

To create plan guides before upgrading follow these steps:

  1. Record the current plan for each mission critical query by using the sp_create_plan_guide stored procedure and specifying the query plan in the USE PLAN query hint.

  2. Verify that the plan guide is applied to the query.

  3. Upgrade the database to SQL Server 2008.

    The plans are persisted in the upgraded database in the plan guides and serve as a fallback in case of plan regressions after the upgrade.

    We recommend that you not enable the plan guides after the upgrade because you might miss opportunities for better plans in the new release or beneficial recompiles due to updated statistics.

  4. If less efficient plans are chosen after the upgrade, activate all or a subset of the plan guides to override the new plans.

Example

The following example shows how to record a pre-upgrade plan for a query by creating a plan guide.

Step 1: Collect the Plan

The query plan recorded in the plan guide must be in XML format. XML-formatted query plans can be produced through the following ways:

For more information about producing and analyzing query plans, see Analyzing a Query.

The following example collects the query plan for the statement SELECT City, StateProvinceID, PostalCode FROM Person.Address ORDER BY PostalCode DESC; by querying dynamic management views.

USE AdventureWorks2008R2;
GO
SELECT query_plan
    FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats AS qs 
    CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(qs.sql_handle) AS st
    CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_text_query_plan(qs.plan_handle, DEFAULT, DEFAULT) AS qp
    WHERE st.text LIKE N'SELECT City, StateProvinceID, PostalCode FROM Person.Address ORDER BY PostalCode DESC;%';
GO

Step 2: Create the Plan Guide to Force the Plan

Using the XML-formatted query plan (obtained by any of the methods previously described) in the plan guide, copy and paste the query plan as a string literal inside the USE PLAN query hint specified in the OPTION clause of sp_create_plan_guide.

Within the XML plan itself, escape quotation marks (') that appear in the plan with a second quotation mark before creating the plan guide. For example, a plan that contains WHERE A.varchar = 'This is a string' must be escaped by modifying the code to WHERE A.varchar = ''This is a string''.

The following example creates a plan guide for the query plan collected in step 1 and inserts the XML Showplan for the query in the @hints parameter. For brevity, only partial Showplan output is included in the example.

EXECUTE sp_create_plan_guide 
@name = N'Guide1',
@stmt = N'SELECT City, StateProvinceID, PostalCode FROM Person.Address ORDER BY PostalCode DESC;',
@type = N'SQL',
@module_or_batch = NULL,
@params = NULL,
@hints = N'OPTION(USE PLAN N''<ShowPlanXML xmlns=''''https://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/07/showplan'''' 
    Version=''''0.5'''' Build=''''9.00.1116''''>
    <BatchSequence><Batch><Statements><StmtSimple>
    …
    </StmtSimple></Statements></Batch>
    </BatchSequence></ShowPlanXML>'')';
GO

Step 3: Verify That the Plan Guide Is Applied to the Query

Run the query again and examine the query plan that is produced. You should see that the plan matches the one that you specified in the plan guide.