Working with presentations

아티클
01/21/2025

This topic discusses the Open XML SDK for Office Presentation class and how it relates to the Open XML File Format PresentationML schema. For more information about the overall structure of the parts and elements that make up a PresentationML document, see Structure of a PresentationML document.

Presentations in PresentationML

The ISO/IEC 29500 specification describes the Open XML PresentationML <presentation/> element used to represent a presentation in a PresentationML document as follows:

This element specifies within it fundamental presentation-wide properties.

Example: Consider the following presentation with a single slide master and two slides. In addition to these commonly used elements there can also be the specification of other properties such as slide size, notes size and default text styles.

<p:presentation xmlns:a="" xmlns:r="" xmlns:p="">  
    <p:sldMasterIdLst>  
        <p:sldMasterId id="2147483648" r:id="rId1">  
    </p:sldMasterIdLst>  
    <p:sldIdLst>  
        <p:sldId id="256" r:id="rId3"/>  
        <p:sldId id="257" r:id="rId4"/>  
    </p:sldIdLst>  
    <p:sldSz cx="9144000" cy="6858000" type="screen4x3"/>  
    <p:notesSz cx="6858000" cy="9144000"/>  
    <p:defaultTextStyle>  
        …  
    </p:defaultTextStyle>  
</p:presentation>

The <presentation/> element typically contains child elements that list slide masters, slides, and custom slide shows contained within the presentation. In addition, it also commonly contains elements that specify other properties of the presentation, such as slide size, notes size, and default text styles.

The <presentation/> element is the root element of the PresentationML Presentation part. For more information about the overall structure of the parts and elements that make up a PresentationML document, see Structure of a PresentationML Document.

The following table lists some of the most common child elements of the <presentation/> element used when working with presentations and the Open XML SDK classes that correspond to them.

PresentationML Element	Open XML SDK Class
`<sldMasterIdLst/>`	SlideMasterIdList
`<sldMasterId/>`	SlideMasterId
`<sldIdLst/>`	SlideIdList
`<sldId/>`	SlideId
`<notesMasterIdLst/>`	NotesMasterIdList
`<handoutMasterIdLst/>`	SlideMasterIdList
`<custShowLst/>`	CustomShowList
`<sldSz/>`	SlideSize
`<notesSz/>`	<xrefDocumentFormat.OpenXml.Presentation.NotesSize>
`<defaultTextStyle/>`	DefaultTextStyle

Open XML SDK Presentation Class

The Open XML SDK Presentation class represents the <presentation/> element defined in the Open XML File Format schema for PresentationML documents. Use the Presentation class to manipulate an individual <presentation/> element in a PresentationML document.

Classes commonly associated with the Presentation class are shown in the following sections.

SlideMasterIdList Class

All slides that share the same master inherit the same layout from that master. The SlideMasterIdList class corresponds to the <sldMasterIdList/> element. The ISO/IEC 29500 specification describes the Open XML PresentationML <sldMasterIdList/> element used to represent a slide master ID list in a PresentationML document as follows:

This element specifies a list of identification information for the slide master slides that are available within the corresponding presentation. A slide master is a slide that is specifically designed to be a template for all related child layout slides.

SlideMasterId Class

The SlideMasterId class corresponds to the <sldMasterId/> element. The ISO/IEC 29500 specification describes the Open XML PresentationML <sldMasterId/> element used to represent a slide master ID in a PresentationML document as follows:

This element specifies a slide master that is available within the corresponding presentation. A slide master is a slide that is specifically designed to be a template for all related child layout slides.

Example: Consider the following specification of a slide master within a presentation

<p:presentation xmlns:a="" xmlns:r="" xmlns:p=""
embedTrueTypeFonts="1">  
    …  
    <p:sldMasterIdLst>  
        <p:sldMasterId id="2147483648" r:id="rId1"/>  
    </p:sldMasterIdLst>  
    …  
</p:presentation>

SlideIdList Class

The SlideIdList class corresponds to the <sldIdLst/> element. The ISO/IEC 29500 specification describes the Open XML PresentationML <sldIdLst/> element used to represent a slide ID list in a PresentationML document as follows:

This element specifies a list of identification information for the slides that are available within the corresponding presentation. A slide contains the information that is specific to a single slide such as slide-specific shape and text information.

SlideId Class

The SlideId class corresponds to the <sldId/> element. The ISO/IEC 29500 specification describes the Open XML PresentationML <sldId/> element used to represent a slide ID in a PresentationML document as follows:

This element specifies a presentation slide that is available within the corresponding presentation. A slide contains the information that is specific to a single slide such as slide-specific shape and text information.

Example: Consider the following specification of a slide master within a presentation

<p:presentation xmlns:a="" xmlns:r="" xmlns:p="" embedTrueTypeFonts="1">  
    …  
    <p:sldIdLst>  
        <p:sldId id="256" r:id="rId3"/>  
        <p:sldId id="257" r:id="rId4"/>  
        <p:sldId id="258" r:id="rId5"/>  
        <p:sldId id="259" r:id="rId6"/>  
        <p:sldId id="260" r:id="rId7"/>  
    </p:sldIdLst>  
    ...  
</p:presentation>

NotesMasterIdList Class

The NotesMasterIdList class corresponds to the <notesMasterIdLst/> element. The ISO/IEC 29500 specification describes the Open XML PresentationML <notesMasterIdLst/> element used to represent a notes master ID list in a PresentationML document as follows:

This element specifies a list of identification information for the notes master slides that are available within the corresponding presentation. A notes master is a slide that is specifically designed for the printing of the slide along with any attached notes.

HandoutMasterIdList Class

The HandoutMasterIdList class corresponds to the <handoutMasterIdLst/> element. The ISO/IEC 29500 specification describes the Open XML PresentationML <handoutMasterIdLst/> element used to represent a handout master ID list in a PresentationML document as follows:

This element specifies a list of identification information for the handout master slides that are available within the corresponding presentation. A handout master is a slide that is specifically designed for printing as a handout.

CustomShowList Class

The CustomShowList class corresponds to the <custShowLst/> element. The ISO/IEC 29500 specification describes the Open XML PresentationML <custShowLst/> element used to represent a custom show list in a PresentationML document as follows:

This element specifies a list of all custom shows that are available within the corresponding presentation. A custom show is a defined slide sequence that allows for the displaying of the slides with the presentation in any arbitrary order.

SlideSize Class

The SlideSize class corresponds to the <sldSz/> element. The ISO/IEC 29500 specification describes the Open XML PresentationML <sldSz/> element used to represent presentation slide size in a PresentationML document as follows:

This element specifies the size of the presentation slide surface. Objects within a presentation slide can be specified outside these extents, but this is the size of background surface that is shown when the slide is presented or printed.

Example: Consider the following specifying of the size of a presentation slide.

<p:presentation xmlns:a="" xmlns:r="" xmlns:p=""
embedTrueTypeFonts="1">  
    …  
    <p:sldSz cx="9144000" cy="6858000" type="screen4x3"/>  
    …  
</p:presentation>

NotesSize Class

The NotesSize class corresponds to the <notesSz/> element. The ISO/IEC 29500 specification describes the Open XML PresentationML <notesSz/> element used to represent notes slide size in a PresentationML document as follows:

This element specifies the size of slide surface used for notes slides and handout slides. Objects within a notes slide can be specified outside these extents, but the notes slide has a background surface of the specified size when presented or printed. This element is intended to specify the region to which content is fitted in any special format of printout the application might choose to generate, such as an outline handout.

Example: Consider the following specifying of the size of a notes slide.

<p:presentation xmlns:a="" xmlns:r="" xmlns:p=""
embedTrueTypeFonts="1">  
    …  
    <p:notesSz cx="9144000" cy="6858000"/>  
    …  
</p:presentation>

DefaultTextStyle Class

The DefaultTextStyle class corresponds to the <defaultTextStyle/> element. The ISO/IEC 29500 specification describes the Open XML PresentationML <defaultTextStyle/> element used to represent default text style in a PresentationML document as follows:

This element specifies the default text styles that are to be used within the presentation. The text style defined here can be referenced when inserting a new slide if that slide is not associated with a master slide or if no styling information has been otherwise specified for the text within the presentation slide.

Working with the Presentation Class

As shown in the Open XML SDK code example that follows, every instance of the Presentation class is associated with an instance of the PresentationPart class, which represents a presentation part, one of the required parts of a PresentationML presentation file package.

The Presentation class, which represents the <presentation/> element, is therefore also associated with a series of other classes that represent the child elements of the <presentation/> element. Among these classes, as shown in the following code example, are the SlideMasterIdList, SlideIdList, SlideSize, NotesSize, and DefaultTextStyle classes.

Open XML SDK Code Example

The following code example from the article How to: Create a presentation document by providing a file name uses the Create method of the PresentationDocument class of the Open XML SDK to create an instance of that same class that has the specified name and file path. Then it uses the AddPresentationPart method to add an instance of the PresentationPart class to the document file. Next, it creates an instance of the Presentation class that represents the presentation. It passes a reference to the PresentationPart class instance to the CreatePresentationParts procedure, which creates the other required parts of the presentation file. The CreatePresentation procedure cleans up by closing the PresentationDocument class instance that it opened previously.

The CreatePresentationParts procedure creates instances of the SlideMasterIdList, SlideIdList, SlideSize, NotesSize, and DefaultTextStyle classes and appends them to the presentation.

C#
Visual Basic

static void CreatePresentation(string filepath)
{
    // Create a presentation at a specified file path. The presentation document type is pptx, by default.
    using (PresentationDocument presentationDoc = PresentationDocument.Create(filepath, PresentationDocumentType.Presentation))
    {
        PresentationPart presentationPart = presentationDoc.AddPresentationPart();
        presentationPart.Presentation = new Presentation();

        CreatePresentationParts(presentationPart);
    }
}

static void CreatePresentationParts(PresentationPart presentationPart)
{
    SlideMasterIdList slideMasterIdList1 = new SlideMasterIdList(new SlideMasterId() { Id = (UInt32Value)2147483648U, RelationshipId = "rId1" });
    SlideIdList slideIdList1 = new SlideIdList(new SlideId() { Id = (UInt32Value)256U, RelationshipId = "rId2" });
    SlideSize slideSize1 = new SlideSize() { Cx = 9144000, Cy = 6858000, Type = SlideSizeValues.Screen4x3 };
    NotesSize notesSize1 = new NotesSize() { Cx = 6858000, Cy = 9144000 };
    DefaultTextStyle defaultTextStyle1 = new DefaultTextStyle();

    presentationPart.Presentation.Append(slideMasterIdList1, slideIdList1, slideSize1, notesSize1, defaultTextStyle1);

    SlidePart slidePart1;
    SlideLayoutPart slideLayoutPart1;
    SlideMasterPart slideMasterPart1;
    ThemePart themePart1;


    slidePart1 = CreateSlidePart(presentationPart);
    slideLayoutPart1 = CreateSlideLayoutPart(slidePart1);
    slideMasterPart1 = CreateSlideMasterPart(slideLayoutPart1);
    themePart1 = CreateTheme(slideMasterPart1);

    slideMasterPart1.AddPart(slideLayoutPart1, "rId1");
    presentationPart.AddPart(slideMasterPart1, "rId1");
    presentationPart.AddPart(themePart1, "rId5");
}

Sub CreatePresentation(filepath As String)
    ' Create a presentation at a specified file path. The presentation document type is pptx, by default.
    Using presentationDoc As PresentationDocument = PresentationDocument.Create(filepath, PresentationDocumentType.Presentation)
        Dim presentationPart As PresentationPart = presentationDoc.AddPresentationPart()
        presentationPart.Presentation = New Presentation()

        CreatePresentationParts(presentationPart)
    End Using
End Sub

Sub CreatePresentationParts(presentationPart As PresentationPart)
    Dim slideMasterIdList1 As New SlideMasterIdList(New SlideMasterId() With {.Id = CType(2147483648UI, UInt32Value), .RelationshipId = "rId1"})
    Dim slideIdList1 As New SlideIdList(New SlideId() With {.Id = CType(256UI, UInt32Value), .RelationshipId = "rId2"})
    Dim slideSize1 As New SlideSize() With {.Cx = 9144000, .Cy = 6858000, .Type = SlideSizeValues.Screen4x3}
    Dim notesSize1 As New NotesSize() With {.Cx = 6858000, .Cy = 9144000}
    Dim defaultTextStyle1 As New DefaultTextStyle()

    presentationPart.Presentation.Append(slideMasterIdList1, slideIdList1, slideSize1, notesSize1, defaultTextStyle1)

    Dim slidePart1 As SlidePart
    Dim slideLayoutPart1 As SlideLayoutPart
    Dim slideMasterPart1 As SlideMasterPart
    Dim themePart1 As ThemePart

    slidePart1 = CreateSlidePart(presentationPart)
    slideLayoutPart1 = CreateSlideLayoutPart(slidePart1)
    slideMasterPart1 = CreateSlideMasterPart(slideLayoutPart1)
    themePart1 = CreateTheme(slideMasterPart1)

    slideMasterPart1.AddPart(slideLayoutPart1, "rId1")
    presentationPart.AddPart(slideMasterPart1, "rId1")
    presentationPart.AddPart(themePart1, "rId5")
End Sub

Resulting PresentationML

When the Open XML SDK code is run, the following XML is written to the PresentationML document referenced in the code.

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
    <p:presentation xmlns:p="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/presentationml/2006/main">
     <p:sldMasterIdLst>
      <p:sldMasterId id="2147483648" r:id="rId1" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships"/>
     </p:sldMasterIdLst>
     <p:sldIdLst>
      <p:sldId id="256" r:id="rId2" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships"/>
     </p:sldIdLst>
     <p:sldSz cx="9144000" cy="6858000" type="screen4x3"/>
     <p:notesSz cx="6858000" cy="9144000"/>
     <p:defaultTextStyle/>
    </p:presentation>

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