次の方法で共有


C プログラムの例: コレクションと兄弟証明書ストアの操作

次の例では、複数の証明書ストアの内容を実際に含む一時的な 証明書ストア であるコレクション ストアの概念を示します。 1 つ以上のストアをコレクションに追加して、1 つの関数呼び出しでコレクション内の任意のストアの内容にアクセスできます。

この例では、次のタスクと CryptoAPI 関数を示します。

この例では、 関数 MyHandleError を使用します。 この関数のコードは、サンプルに含まれています。 この関数およびその他の補助関数のコードは、General Purpose関数にも一覧表示されます。

この例では、「DACL の作成」トピックで定義されている CreateMyDACL 関数を使用して、開いているファイルが適切な DACL で作成されるようにします。

次の例では、コレクション ストアを開き、メモリ内に新しい証明書ストアを作成し、新しいストアを兄弟ストアとしてコレクション ストアに追加します。 その後、プログラムによってシステム ストアが開き、証明書が取得されます。 その証明書はメモリ ストアに追加されます。 2 つ目の証明書がシステム ストアから取得され、その証明書へのリンクがメモリ ストアに追加されます。 その後、証明書とリンクがコレクション ストアから取得され、兄弟ストア内の証明書とリンクをコレクション ストアから取得できることを示します。 メモリはディスクに保存されます。 その後、メモリ ストアがコレクションから削除されます。 メモリ ストアに追加されたリンクは引き続きメモリ ストアにありますが、コレクション ストアには見つかりません。 すべてのストアとファイルが閉じられ、ファイル ストアが再度開き、証明書リンクの検索が行われます。 このプログラムの成功は、利用可能なマイ ストアによって異なります。 そのストアには、サブジェクト "Insert_cert_subject_name1" の証明書と、サブジェクト "Insert_cert_subject_name2" を持つ 2 つ目の証明書が含まれている必要があります。 サブジェクトの名前は、My ストアにあることがわかっている証明書のサブジェクトの名前に変更する必要があります。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <Wincrypt.h>
#define  MY_ENCODING_TYPE  (PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING | X509_ASN_ENCODING)
void MyHandleError(char *s);

void main(void)
{
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) Microsoft.  All rights reserved.
// Declare and initialize variables.

HCERTSTORE  hCollectionStore;           // Collection store 
                                        // handle
HCERTSTORE  hSystemStore;               // System store handle
HCERTSTORE  hMemoryStore;               // Memory store handle
PCCERT_CONTEXT  pDesiredCert = NULL;    // Set to NULL for the first 
                                        // call to
                                        // CertFindCertificateInStore
HANDLE hStoreFileHandle ;               // Output file handle
LPWSTR pszFileName = L"TestStor.sto";    // Output file name
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa;                 // for DACL
LPWSTR pswzFirstCert = L"Insert_cert_subject_name1";
                                        // Subject of the first 
                                        // certificate
LPWSTR pswzSecondCert = L"Insert_cert_subject_name2";    
                                        // Subject of the second
                                        // certificate

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Open a collection certificate store.

if(hCollectionStore = CertOpenStore(
      CERT_STORE_PROV_COLLECTION, // Collection store
      0,                          // Encoding type 
                                  // Not used with a collection store
      NULL,                       // Use the default provider
      0,                          // No flags
      NULL))                      // Not needed
{
   printf("Opened a collection store. \n");
}
else
{
   MyHandleError( "Error opening the collection store.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Open a new certificate store in memory.

if(hMemoryStore = CertOpenStore(
      CERT_STORE_PROV_MEMORY,    // Memory store
      0,                         // Encoding type
                                 // not used with a memory store
      NULL,                      // Use the default provider
      0,                         // No flags
      NULL))                     // Not needed
{
   printf("Opened a memory store. \n");
}
else
{
   MyHandleError( "Error opening a memory store.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Open the My system store using CertOpenStore.

if(hSystemStore = CertOpenStore(
     CERT_STORE_PROV_SYSTEM, // System store will be a 
                             // virtual store
     0,                      // Encoding type not needed 
                             // with this PROV
     NULL,                   // Accept the default HCRYPTPROV
     CERT_SYSTEM_STORE_CURRENT_USER,
     L"MY"))                 // System store name
{
   printf("Opened the My system store. \n");
}
else
{
   MyHandleError( "Could not open the My system store.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Get a certificate that has the string
// "Insert_cert_subject_name1" in its subject. 
if(pDesiredCert)
    CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
      hSystemStore,
      MY_ENCODING_TYPE,            // Use X509_ASN_ENCODING
      0,                           // No dwFlags needed
      CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR,       // Find a certificate with a
                                   // subject that matches the string
                                   // in the next parameter
      pswzFirstCert,               // The Unicode string to be found
                                   // in a certificate's subject
      NULL))                       // NULL is used so that the 
                                   // search will begin at the 
                                   // beginning of the certificate
                                   // store
{
  printf("The %S certificate was found. \n",pswzFirstCert);
}
else
{
   MyHandleError("Could not find the desired certificate.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// pDesiredCert is a pointer to a certificate with a subject that 
// includes the string passed as parameter five to the function.

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Add the certificate from the My store to the memory store.

if(CertAddCertificateContextToStore(
      hMemoryStore,                // Store handle
      pDesiredCert,                // Pointer to a certificate
      CERT_STORE_ADD_USE_EXISTING,
      NULL))
{
   printf("Certificate added to the memory store. \n");
}
else
{
   MyHandleError("Could not add the certificate to the "
       "memory store.");
}

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Add the memory store as a sibling to the collection store. 
//  All certificates in the memory store will now be available in
//  the collection store. Any new certificates added to the memory 
//  store will also be available in the collection store.

if(CertAddStoreToCollection(
   hCollectionStore,
   hMemoryStore,
   CERT_PHYSICAL_STORE_ADD_ENABLE_FLAG,// New certificates can be
                                       // added to the sibling store
   1))                                 // The sibling store's 
                                       // priority
                                       // because this store has 
                                       // the highest priority, 
                                       // certificates added to
                                       // the collection store will
                                       // actually be stored in this
                                       // store
{
     printf("The memory store is added to the collection store.\n");
}
else
{
     MyHandleError("The memory store was not added "
         "to the collection.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Find a different certificate in the My store, and add, to the 
//  memory store, a link to that certificate.
if(pDesiredCert)
    CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
      hSystemStore,
      MY_ENCODING_TYPE,            // Use X509_ASN_ENCODING
      0,                           // No dwFlags needed
      CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR,       // Find a certificate with a
                                   // subject that matches the string
                                   // in the next parameter
      pswzSecondCert,              // The Unicode string to be found
                                   // in a certificate's subject
      NULL))                       // NULL is used so that the 
                                   // search will begin at the 
                                   // beginning of the certificate
                                   // store
{
  printf("The %S certificate was found. \n",pswzSecondCert);
}
else
{
   MyHandleError("Could not find the second certificate.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Add a link to a second certificate from the My store to the new 
// memory store.

if(CertAddCertificateLinkToStore(
      hMemoryStore,                // store handle
      pDesiredCert,                // pointer to a certificate
      CERT_STORE_ADD_USE_EXISTING,
      NULL))
{
   printf("%S link added to the memory store. \n",pswzSecondCert);
}
else
{
   MyHandleError("Could not add the certificate link to the "
       "memory store.");
}

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Find the first certificate in the memory store.
if(pDesiredCert)
    CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
      hMemoryStore,                // Store handle
      MY_ENCODING_TYPE,            // Use X509_ASN_ENCODING
      0,                           // No dwFlags needed
      CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR,       // Find a certificate with a
                                   // subject that matches the string
                                   // in the next parameter
      pswzFirstCert,               // The Unicode string to be found
                                   // in a certificate's subject
      NULL))                       // NULL is used so that the 
                                   // search will begin at the 
                                   // beginning of the certificate
                                   // store
{
  printf("The %S certificate was found in the "
      "memory store. \n",pswzFirstCert);
}
else
{
   printf("The %S certificate was not in the "
       "memory store.\n", pswzFirstCert);
}

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Find that same certificate in the collection store.
if(pDesiredCert)
    CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
      hCollectionStore,
      MY_ENCODING_TYPE,            // Use X509_ASN_ENCODING
      0,                           // No dwFlags needed
      CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR,       // Find a certificate with a
                                   // subject that matches the string
                                   // in the next parameter
      pswzFirstCert,               // The Unicode string to be found
                                   // in a certificate's subject
      NULL))                       // NULL is used so that the 
                                   // search will begin at the 
                                   // beginning of the certificate
                                   // store
{
  printf("The %S certificate was found in the "
      "collection store. \n", pswzFirstCert);
}
else
{
  printf("The %S certificate was not in the "
      "memory collection.\n", pswzFirstCert);
}

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Find the certificate link in the memory store.

if(pDesiredCert)
    CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
      hCollectionStore,
      MY_ENCODING_TYPE,            // Use X509_ASN_ENCODING
      0,                           // Mo dwFlags needed
      CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR,       // Find a certificate with a
                                   // subject that matches the string
                                   // in the next parameter
      pswzSecondCert,              // The Unicode string to be found
                                   // in a certificate's subject
      NULL))                       // NULL is used so that the 
                                   // search will begin at the 
                                   // beginning of the certificate
                                   // store
{
  printf("The %S link was found in the "
      "collection store. \n", pswzSecondCert);
}
else
{
   printf("The %S certificate link was not in the "
       "memory store.\n", pswzSecondCert);
}

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Create a file to save the new store and certificate into.

// Create a DACL for the file.
sa.nLength = sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
sa.bInheritHandle = FALSE;  

// Call function to set the DACL. The DACL
// is set in the SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES 
// lpSecurityDescriptor member.
// if CreateMyDACL(&sa) fails, call MyHandleError("CreateMyDACL failed.")

if(hStoreFileHandle = CreateFile(
      pszFileName,             // File path
      GENERIC_WRITE,           // Access mode
      0,                       // Share mode
      &sa,                     // Security 
      CREATE_ALWAYS,           // How to create the file
      FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,   // File attributes
      NULL))                   // File template
{
   printf("Created a new file on disk. \n");
}
else
{
   MyHandleError("Could not create a file on disk.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// hStoreFileHandle is the output file handle.
// Save the memory store and its certificate to the output file.

if( CertSaveStore(
      hMemoryStore,            // Store handle
      0,                       // Encoding type not needed here
      CERT_STORE_SAVE_AS_STORE,
      CERT_STORE_SAVE_TO_FILE,
      hStoreFileHandle,        // The handle of an open disk file
      0))                      // dwFlags--no flags are needed here
{
   printf("Saved the memory store to disk. \n");
}
else
{
   MyHandleError("Could not save the memory store to disk.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Remove the sibling store from the collection.
//  CertRemoveStoreFromCollection returns void.

printf("\nRemoving the memory store from the collection.\n");
CertRemoveStoreFromCollection(
    hCollectionStore,
    hMemoryStore);

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
//   Find the link in the memory store.
if(pDesiredCert)
    CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
      hMemoryStore,
      MY_ENCODING_TYPE,            // Use X509_ASN_ENCODING
      0,                           // No dwFlags needed
      CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR,       // Find a certificate with a
                                   // subject that matches the string
                                   // in the next parameter
      pswzSecondCert,              // Unicode string to be found
                                   // in a certificate's subject
      NULL))                       // NULL is used so that the 
                                   // search will begin at the 
                                   // beginning of the certificate
                                   // store
{
  printf("The %S link is still in the "
      "memory store. \n", pswzSecondCert);
}
else
{
   printf("The certificate link was not in the "
       "memory store.\n");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Try to find certificate link in the collection store.
if(pDesiredCert)
    CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
      hCollectionStore,
      MY_ENCODING_TYPE,            
      0, 
      CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR,    
      pswzSecondCert,
      NULL))       
{
  printf("The %S link was found in the "
      "collection store. \n", pswzSecondCert);
}
else
{
   printf("Removing the store from the collection worked.\n");
   printf("The %S link is not in the "
       "collection store.\n",pswzSecondCert);
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Close the stores and the file. Reopen the file store, 
// and check its contents.

if(hMemoryStore)
    CertCloseStore(
        hMemoryStore, 
        CERT_CLOSE_STORE_CHECK_FLAG);

if(hSystemStore)
    CertCloseStore(
        hSystemStore, 
        CERT_CLOSE_STORE_CHECK_FLAG);

if(hStoreFileHandle)
     CloseHandle(hStoreFileHandle);

printf("All of the stores and files are closed. \n");

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Reopen the file store.

if(hMemoryStore = CertOpenStore(
       CERT_STORE_PROV_FILENAME,    // Store provider type
       MY_ENCODING_TYPE,            // If needed, use the usual
                                    // encoding types
       NULL,                        // Use the default HCRYPTPROV
       0,                           // Accept the default for all
                                    // dwFlags
       L"TestStor.sto" ))           // The name of an existing file
                                    // as a Unicode string
{
     printf("The file store has been reopened. \n");
}
else
{
    printf("The file store could not be reopened. \n");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Find the certificate link in the reopened file store.
if(pDesiredCert)
    CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);
if(pDesiredCert=CertFindCertificateInStore(
      hMemoryStore,
      MY_ENCODING_TYPE,            
      0,                          
      CERT_FIND_SUBJECT_STR,      
      pswzSecondCert,              
      NULL))                       
{
  printf("The %S certificate link was found in the "
      "file store. \n",pswzSecondCert);
}
else
{
   printf("The certificate link was not in the file store.\n");
}

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Clean up memory and end.

if(pDesiredCert)
    CertFreeCertificateContext(pDesiredCert);

if(hMemoryStore)
    CertCloseStore(
        hMemoryStore, 
        CERT_CLOSE_STORE_CHECK_FLAG);

printf("All of the stores and files are closed. \n");

} // End of main

//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// This example uses the function MyHandleError, a simple error
// handling function, to print an error message to the standard error 
// (stderr) file and exit the program. 
// For most applications, replace this function with one 
// that does more extensive error reporting.

void MyHandleError(char *s)
{
    fprintf(stderr,"An error occurred in running the program. \n");
    fprintf(stderr,"%s\n",s);
    fprintf(stderr, "Error number %x.\n", GetLastError());
    fprintf(stderr, "Program terminating. \n");
    exit(1);
} // End of MyHandleError