ロックを保持しているクエリを特定する方法
データベース管理者は、データベース パフォーマンスを低下させているロックのソースを特定しなければならないことがよくあります。
たとえば、サーバーのパフォーマンスの問題が、ブロックに起因する可能性があるとします。sys.dm_exec_requests に対してクエリを実行すると、複数のセッションが中断モードになっており、待機の種類から、ロックが待機対象のリソースとなっていることがわかりました。
sys.dm_tran_locks に対してクエリを実行した結果、未解決のロックが多数存在しているにもかかわらず、ロックが許可されたセッションの sys.dm_exec_requests にアクティブな要求がないことがわかりました。
この例は、ロックが保持されたときのクエリ、クエリのプラン、および Transact-SQL スタックを特定する方法を示します。さらに、拡張イベント セッションでのペアリング ターゲットの使用法も示します。
この作業には、SQL Server Management Studio のクエリ エディターを使用した次の手順の実行も含まれます。
注 |
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この例では、AdventureWorks2008R2 データベースを使用します。 |
ロックを保持しているクエリを特定するには
クエリ エディターで、次のステートメントを実行します。
-- Perform cleanup. IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.server_event_sessions WHERE name='FindBlockers') DROP EVENT SESSION FindBlockers ON SERVER GO -- Use dynamic SQL to create the event session and allow creating a -- predicate on the AdventureWorks2008R2 database id. -- DECLARE @dbid int SELECT @dbid = db_id('AdventureWorks2008R2') IF @dbid IS NULL BEGIN RAISERROR('AdventureWorks2008R2 is not installed. Install AdventureWorks2008R2 before proceeding', 17, 1) RETURN END DECLARE @sql nvarchar(1024) SET @sql = ' CREATE EVENT SESSION FindBlockers ON SERVER ADD EVENT sqlserver.lock_acquired (action ( sqlserver.sql_text, sqlserver.database_id, sqlserver.tsql_stack, sqlserver.plan_handle, sqlserver.session_id) WHERE ( database_id=' + cast(@dbid as nvarchar) + ' AND resource_0!=0) ), ADD EVENT sqlserver.lock_released (WHERE ( database_id=' + cast(@dbid as nvarchar) + ' AND resource_0!=0 )) ADD TARGET package0.pair_matching ( SET begin_event=''sqlserver.lock_acquired'', begin_matching_columns=''database_id, resource_0, resource_1, resource_2, transaction_id, mode'', end_event=''sqlserver.lock_released'', end_matching_columns=''database_id, resource_0, resource_1, resource_2, transaction_id, mode'', respond_to_memory_pressure=1) WITH (max_dispatch_latency = 1 seconds)' EXEC (@sql) -- -- Create the metadata for the event session -- Start the event session -- ALTER EVENT SESSION FindBlockers ON SERVER STATE = START -- Perform cleanup. IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sys.server_event_sessions WHERE name='FindBlockers') DROP EVENT SESSION FindBlockers ON SERVER GO -- Use dynamic SQL to create the event session and allow creating a -- predicate on the AdventureWorks2008R2 database id. -- DECLARE @dbid int SELECT @dbid = db_id('AdventureWorks2008R2') IF @dbid IS NULL BEGIN RAISERROR('AdventureWorks2008R2 is not installed. Install AdventureWorks2008R2 before proceeding', 17, 1) RETURN END DECLARE @sql nvarchar(1024) SET @sql = ' CREATE EVENT SESSION FindBlockers ON SERVER ADD EVENT sqlserver.lock_acquired (action ( sqlserver.sql_text, sqlserver.database_id, sqlserver.tsql_stack, sqlserver.plan_handle, sqlserver.session_id) WHERE ( database_id=' + cast(@dbid as nvarchar) + ' AND resource_0!=0) ), ADD EVENT sqlserver.lock_released (WHERE ( database_id=' + cast(@dbid as nvarchar) + ' AND resource_0!=0 )) ADD TARGET package0.pair_matching ( SET begin_event=''sqlserver.lock_acquired'', begin_matching_columns=''database_id, resource_0, resource_1, resource_2, transaction_id, mode'', end_event=''sqlserver.lock_released'', end_matching_columns=''database_id, resource_0, resource_1, resource_2, transaction_id, mode'', respond_to_memory_pressure=1) WITH (max_dispatch_latency = 1 seconds)' EXEC (@sql) -- -- Create the metadata for the event session -- Start the event session -- ALTER EVENT SESSION FindBlockers ON SERVER STATE = START
サーバーでワークロードを実行したら、クエリ エディターで次のステートメントを実行して、ロックを保持しているクエリを見つけます。
-- -- The pair matching targets report current unpaired events using -- the sys.dm_xe_session_targets dynamic management view (DMV) -- in XML format. -- The following query retrieves the data from the DMV and stores -- key data in a temporary table to speed subsequent access and -- retrieval. -- SELECT objlocks.value('(action[@name="session_id"]/value)[1]', 'int') AS session_id, objlocks.value('(data[@name="database_id"]/value)[1]', 'int') AS database_id, objlocks.value('(data[@name="resource_type"]/text)[1]', 'nvarchar(50)' ) AS resource_type, objlocks.value('(data[@name="resource_0"]/value)[1]', 'bigint') AS resource_0, objlocks.value('(data[@name="resource_1"]/value)[1]', 'bigint') AS resource_1, objlocks.value('(data[@name="resource_2"]/value)[1]', 'bigint') AS resource_2, objlocks.value('(data[@name="mode"]/text)[1]', 'nvarchar(50)') AS mode, objlocks.value('(action[@name="sql_text"]/value)[1]', 'varchar(MAX)') AS sql_text, CAST(objlocks.value('(action[@name="plan_handle"]/value)[1]', 'varchar(MAX)') AS xml) AS plan_handle, CAST(objlocks.value('(action[@name="tsql_stack"]/value)[1]', 'varchar(MAX)') AS xml) AS tsql_stack INTO #unmatched_locks FROM ( SELECT CAST(xest.target_data as xml) lockinfo FROM sys.dm_xe_session_targets xest JOIN sys.dm_xe_sessions xes ON xes.address = xest.event_session_address WHERE xest.target_name = 'pair_matching' AND xes.name = 'FindBlockers' ) heldlocks CROSS APPLY lockinfo.nodes('//event[@name="lock_acquired"]') AS T(objlocks) -- -- Join the data acquired from the pairing target with other -- DMVs to return provide additional information about blockers -- SELECT ul.* FROM #unmatched_locks ul INNER JOIN sys.dm_tran_locks tl ON ul.database_id = tl.resource_database_id AND ul.resource_type = tl.resource_type WHERE resource_0 IS NOT NULL AND session_id IN (SELECT blocking_session_id FROM sys.dm_exec_requests WHERE blocking_session_id != 0) AND tl.request_status='wait' AND REPLACE(ul.mode, 'LCK_M_', '' ) = tl.request_mode
-- -- The pair matching targets report current unpaired events using -- the sys.dm_xe_session_targets dynamic management view (DMV) -- in XML format. -- The following query retrieves the data from the DMV and stores -- key data in a temporary table to speed subsequent access and -- retrieval. -- SELECT objlocks.value('(action[@name="session_id"]/value)[1]', 'int') AS session_id, objlocks.value('(data[@name="database_id"]/value)[1]', 'int') AS database_id, objlocks.value('(data[@name="resource_type"]/text)[1]', 'nvarchar(50)' ) AS resource_type, objlocks.value('(data[@name="resource_0"]/value)[1]', 'bigint') AS resource_0, objlocks.value('(data[@name="resource_1"]/value)[1]', 'bigint') AS resource_1, objlocks.value('(data[@name="resource_2"]/value)[1]', 'bigint') AS resource_2, objlocks.value('(data[@name="mode"]/text)[1]', 'nvarchar(50)') AS mode, objlocks.value('(action[@name="sql_text"]/value)[1]', 'varchar(MAX)') AS sql_text, CAST(objlocks.value('(action[@name="plan_handle"]/value)[1]', 'varchar(MAX)') AS xml) AS plan_handle, CAST(objlocks.value('(action[@name="tsql_stack"]/value)[1]', 'varchar(MAX)') AS xml) AS tsql_stack INTO #unmatched_locks FROM ( SELECT CAST(xest.target_data as xml) lockinfo FROM sys.dm_xe_session_targets xest JOIN sys.dm_xe_sessions xes ON xes.address = xest.event_session_address WHERE xest.target_name = 'pair_matching' AND xes.name = 'FindBlockers' ) heldlocks CROSS APPLY lockinfo.nodes('//event[@name="lock_acquired"]') AS T(objlocks) -- -- Join the data acquired from the pairing target with other -- DMVs to return provide additional information about blockers -- SELECT ul.* FROM #unmatched_locks ul INNER JOIN sys.dm_tran_locks tl ON ul.database_id = tl.resource_database_id AND ul.resource_type = tl.resource_type WHERE resource_0 IS NOT NULL AND session_id IN (SELECT blocking_session_id FROM sys.dm_exec_requests WHERE blocking_session_id != 0) AND tl.request_status='wait' AND REPLACE(ul.mode, 'LCK_M_', '' ) = tl.request_mode
問題を特定したら、一時テーブルとイベント セッションを削除します。
DROP TABLE #unmatched_locks DROP EVENT SESSION FindBlockers ON SERVER DROP TABLE #unmatched_locks DROP EVENT SESSION FindBlockers ON SERVER