Compiler-Generated Exceptions (C# Programming Guide) 

Some exceptions are thrown automatically by the .NET Framework's common language runtime (CLR) as a result of basic operations that fail. These exceptions and their error conditions are listed below.

Exception	Description
ArithmeticException	A base class for exceptions that occur during arithmetic operations, such as DivideByZeroException and OverflowException .
ArrayTypeMismatchException	Thrown when an array cannot store a given element because the actual type of the element is incompatible with the actual type of the array.
DivideByZeroException	Thrown when an attempt is made to divide an integral value by zero.
IndexOutOfRangeException	Thrown when an attempt is made to index an array when the index is less than zero or outside the bounds of the array.
InvalidCastException	Thrown when an explicit conversion from a base type to an interface or to a derived type fails at runtime.
NullReferenceException	Thrown when a null reference is used in a way that causes the referenced object to be required.
OutOfMemoryException	Thrown when an attempt to allocate memory via new fails.
OverflowException	Thrown when an arithmetic operation in a checked context overflows.
StackOverflowException	Thrown when the execution stack is exhausted by having too many pending method calls; usually indicates a very deep or infinite recursion.
TypeInitializationException	Thrown when a static constructor throws an exception and no compatible catch clause exists to catch it.

See Also

Reference

Exceptions and Exception Handling (C# Programming Guide)
Exception Handling (C# Programming Guide)
try-catch (C# Reference)
try-finally (C# Reference)
try-catch-finally (C# Reference)

Concepts

C# Programming Guide