Environment クラス

[アーティクル]
03/28/2008

現在の環境およびプラットフォームに関する情報、およびそれらを操作する手段を提供します。このクラスは継承できません。

この型のすべてのメンバの一覧については、Environment メンバを参照してください。

System.Object
System.Environment

NotInheritable Public Class Environment
[C#]
public sealed class Environment
[C++]
public __gc __sealed class Environment
[JScript]
public class Environment

スレッドセーフ

この型の public static (Visual Basicでは Shared) のすべてのメンバは、マルチスレッド操作で安全に使用できます。インスタンスのメンバの場合は、スレッドセーフであるとは限りません。

解説

Environment クラスは、コマンドライン引数、終了コード、環境変数設定、コールスタックの内容、前回のシステム起動時からの経過時間、共通言語ランタイムのバージョンなどの情報を取得するために使用します。

使用例

 
' Sample for Environment class summary
Imports System
Imports System.Collections

Class Sample
   Public Shared Sub Main()
      Dim str As [String]
      Dim nl As [String] = Environment.NewLine
      '
      Console.WriteLine()
      Console.WriteLine("-- Environment members --")
      
      '  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
      Console.WriteLine("CommandLine: {0}", Environment.CommandLine)
      
      Dim arguments As [String]() = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()
      Console.WriteLine("GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", [String].Join(", ", arguments))
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment.CurrentDirectory)
      
      Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: {0}", Environment.ExitCode)
      
      Console.WriteLine("HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment.HasShutdownStarted)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("MachineName: {0}", Environment.MachineName)
      
      Console.WriteLine("NewLine: {0}  first line{0}  second line{0}" & _
                        "  third line", Environment.NewLine)
      
      Console.WriteLine("OSVersion: {0}", Environment.OSVersion.ToString())
      
      Console.WriteLine("StackTrace: '{0}'", Environment.StackTrace)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment.SystemDirectory)
      
      Console.WriteLine("TickCount: {0}", Environment.TickCount)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("UserDomainName: {0}", Environment.UserDomainName)
      
      Console.WriteLine("UserInteractive: {0}", Environment.UserInteractive)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("UserName: {0}", Environment.UserName)
      
      Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString())
      
      Console.WriteLine("WorkingSet: {0}", Environment.WorkingSet)
      
      '  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.

      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Dim query As [String] = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my" & _
                              " system root is %SystemRoot%"
      str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query)
      Console.WriteLine("ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0}  {1}", nl, str)
      
      Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary directory is {1}.", _
                        nl, Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP"))
      
      Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariables: ")
      Dim environmentVariables As IDictionary = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables()
      Dim de As DictionaryEntry
      For Each de In environmentVariables
         Console.WriteLine("  {0} = {1}", de.Key, de.Value)
      Next de
      
      Console.WriteLine("GetFolderPath: {0}", _
              Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System))
      
      Dim drives As [String]() = Environment.GetLogicalDrives()
      Console.WriteLine("GetLogicalDrives: {0}", [String].Join(", ", drives))
   End Sub 'Main
End Class 'Sample
'
'This example produces results similar to the following:
'(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain 
'secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)
'
'C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
'
'-- Environment members --
'CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
'GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
'CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
'ExitCode: 0
'HasShutdownStarted: False
'MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
'NewLine:
'  first line
'  second line
'  third line
'OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
'StackTrace: '   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
'   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
'   at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
'   at Sample.Main()'
'SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
'TickCount: 17995355
'UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
'UserInteractive: True
'UserName: !---OMITTED---!
'Version: !---OMITTED---!
'WorkingSet: 5038080
'ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
'  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
'GetEnvironmentVariable:
'  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
'GetEnvironmentVariables: 
'  !---OMITTED---!
'GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
'GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\
'

[C#] 
// Sample for Environment class summary
using System;
using System.Collections;

class Sample 
{
    public static void Main() 
    {
    String str;
    String nl = Environment.NewLine;
//
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine("-- Environment members --");

//  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
    Console.WriteLine("CommandLine: {0}", Environment.CommandLine);

    String[] arguments = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
    Console.WriteLine("GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", String.Join(", ", arguments));

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
    Console.WriteLine("CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment.CurrentDirectory);

    Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: {0}", Environment.ExitCode);

    Console.WriteLine("HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment.HasShutdownStarted);

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
    Console.WriteLine("MachineName: {0}", Environment.MachineName);

    Console.WriteLine("NewLine: {0}  first line{0}  second line{0}  third line",
                          Environment.NewLine);

    Console.WriteLine("OSVersion: {0}", Environment.OSVersion.ToString());

    Console.WriteLine("StackTrace: '{0}'", Environment.StackTrace);

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
    Console.WriteLine("SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment.SystemDirectory);

    Console.WriteLine("TickCount: {0}", Environment.TickCount);

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
    Console.WriteLine("UserDomainName: {0}", Environment.UserDomainName);

    Console.WriteLine("UserInteractive: {0}", Environment.UserInteractive);

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
    Console.WriteLine("UserName: {0}", Environment.UserName);

    Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString());

    Console.WriteLine("WorkingSet: {0}", Environment.WorkingSet);

//  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
    String query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system root is %SystemRoot%";
    str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query);
    Console.WriteLine("ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0}  {1}", nl, str);

    Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary directory is {1}.", nl,
                           Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP"));

    Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariables: ");
    IDictionary    environmentVariables = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables();
    foreach (DictionaryEntry de in environmentVariables)
        {
        Console.WriteLine("  {0} = {1}", de.Key, de.Value);
        }

    Console.WriteLine("GetFolderPath: {0}", 
                 Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System));

    String[] drives = Environment.GetLogicalDrives();
    Console.WriteLine("GetLogicalDrives: {0}", String.Join(", ", drives));
    }
}
/*
This example produces results similar to the following:
(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain 
secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)

C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT

-- Environment members --
CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
ExitCode: 0
HasShutdownStarted: False
MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
NewLine:
  first line
  second line
  third line
OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
StackTrace: '   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
   at Sample.Main()'
SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
TickCount: 17995355
UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
UserInteractive: True
UserName: !---OMITTED---!
Version: !---OMITTED---!
WorkingSet: 5038080
ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
GetEnvironmentVariable:
  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
GetEnvironmentVariables: 
  !---OMITTED---!
GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\

*/

[C++] 
// Sample for Environment class summary
#using <mscorlib.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;

int main() {
   String* str;
   String*  nl = Environment::NewLine;
   //
   Console::WriteLine();
   Console::WriteLine(S"-- Environment members --");

   //  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
   Console::WriteLine(S"CommandLine: {0}", Environment::CommandLine);

   String*  arguments[] = Environment::GetCommandLineArgs();
   Console::WriteLine(S"GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", String::Join(S", ", arguments));

   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine(S"CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment::CurrentDirectory);

   Console::WriteLine(S"ExitCode: {0}", __box(Environment::ExitCode));

   Console::WriteLine(S"HasShutdownStarted: {0}", __box(Environment::HasShutdownStarted));

   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine(S"MachineName: {0}", Environment::MachineName);

   Console::WriteLine(S"NewLine: {0}  first line {0}  second line {0}  third line",
      Environment::NewLine);

   Console::WriteLine(S"OSVersion: {0}", Environment::OSVersion);

   Console::WriteLine(S"StackTrace: ' {0}'", Environment::StackTrace);

   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine(S"SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment::SystemDirectory);

   Console::WriteLine(S"TickCount: {0}", __box(Environment::TickCount));

   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine(S"UserDomainName: {0}", Environment::UserDomainName);

   Console::WriteLine(S"UserInteractive: {0}", __box(Environment::UserInteractive));

   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine(S"UserName: {0}", Environment::UserName);

   Console::WriteLine(S"Version: {0}", Environment::Version);

   Console::WriteLine(S"WorkingSet: {0}", __box(Environment::WorkingSet));

   //  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.

   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   String*  query = S"My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system root is %SystemRoot%";
   str = Environment::ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query);
   Console::WriteLine(S"ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0} {1}", nl, str);

   Console::WriteLine(S"GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary directory is {1}.", nl,
      Environment::GetEnvironmentVariable(S"TEMP"));

   Console::WriteLine(S"GetEnvironmentVariables: ");
   IDictionary*    environmentVariables = Environment::GetEnvironmentVariables();
   IEnumerator* myEnum = environmentVariables->GetEnumerator();
   while (myEnum->MoveNext()) {
      DictionaryEntry* de = __try_cast<DictionaryEntry*>(myEnum->Current);

      Console::WriteLine(S" {0} = {1}", de->Key, de->Value);
   }

   Console::WriteLine(S"GetFolderPath: {0}",
      Environment::GetFolderPath(Environment::SpecialFolder::System));

   String*  drives[] = Environment::GetLogicalDrives();
   Console::WriteLine(S"GetLogicalDrives: {0}", String::Join(S", ", drives));
}
/*
This example produces results similar to the following:
(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain 
secure has been omitted and marked S"!---OMITTED---!".)

C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT

-- Environment members --
CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
ExitCode: 0
HasShutdownStarted: False
MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
NewLine:
  first line
  second line
  third line
OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
StackTrace: '   at System::Environment::GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System::Environment::GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System::Environment::get_StackTrace()
   at Sample::Main()'
SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
TickCount: 17995355
UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
UserInteractive: True
UserName: !---OMITTED---!
Version: !---OMITTED---!
WorkingSet: 5038080
ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
GetEnvironmentVariable:
  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
GetEnvironmentVariables:
  !---OMITTED---!
GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\

*/

[JScript] JScript のサンプルはありません。Visual Basic、C#、および C++ のサンプルを表示するには、このページの左上隅にある言語のフィルタボタンをクリックします。

必要条件

名前空間: System

プラットフォーム: Windows 98, Windows NT 4.0, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows 2000, Windows XP Home Edition, Windows XP Professional, Windows Server 2003 ファミリ, .NET Compact Framework - Windows CE .NET

アセンブリ: Mscorlib (Mscorlib.dll 内)

参照

Environment メンバ | System 名前空間

次の方法で共有

Environment クラス

スレッドセーフ

解説

使用例

必要条件

参照

その他のリソース