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Azure Deployments - Speeding up PowerShell DSC by testing locally before using it in an Azure Resource Manager template or from a PowerShell deployment script

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Hi Everyone,

As you may know, Azure Virtual Machines relies on Virtual Machine Extensions to perform some critical functionality, PowerShell DSC is one of them and it allows us to execute post installation tasks or to keep existing virtual machines in a state that we require them to be. This blog post shows some quick steps to help testing your DSC configuration locally, just before you add it to the Azure Resource Manager template or in a PowerShell deployment script, which saves time and troubleshooting gets a little bit easier. For more information about available extensions, please refer to this article.

This example shows the steps to execute locally a configuration file that installs an MSI file (Azure PowerShell Module).

 

  1. In a computer with Powershell 4.0 or greater, copy you DSC configuration file (xyz.PS1) to a folder, e.g. C:\DscTest

  2. Copy any executable or MSI files to the same folder if you’re using it (in this case I’m installing Azure-Powershell.1.5.1.msi, all available module versions can be downloaded from this GitHub link.)

  3. Rename your <xyz>.PS1 file to localhost.ps1

  4. Install any necessary DSC Modules to C:\Program Files\WindowsPowerShell\Modules

  5. Edit the localhost.ps1 file with Powershell ISE and add the configuration name to the end of the file (must be after the closing curly bracket), like the example below

    image

  6. Execute this file from ISE

  7. You will notice that a MOF file will be created in a folder with the same name as the configuration file and the MOF file will be named localhost.mof, for example:

    image

  8. To execute the DSC just run this cmdlet

     Start-DscConfiguration -Path C:\DscTest\InstallAzurePowershell -ComputerName localhost -Force -wait -Verbose

    Note: the –path argument is the path where your localhost.ps1 resides plus the configuration folder name

  9. This is the resultant output that you can use to identify issues and make necessary corrections, in this example everything is fine and we are good to implement this configuration to our deployment scripts or Azure Resource Manager template.

    image

  10. If you identify any issue with your DSC configuration, just fix your PS1 file and execute steps 6 through 8 again to test it, so it get a new MOF file with the updated configuration.

 

Troubleshooting

When executing DSC on step 8 you get the following error message

The client cannot connect to the destination specified in the request. Verify that the service on the destination is running and is accepting requests. Consult the logs and documentation for the WS-Management service running on the
destination, most commonly IIS or WinRM. If the destination is the WinRM service, run the following command on the destination to analyze and configure the WinRM service: "winrm quickconfig".
+ CategoryInfo : ConnectionError: (root/Microsoft/...gurationManager:String) [], CimException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : HRESULT 0x80338012
+ PSComputerName : localhost

 

Enable WinRM with the following cmdlet:

 Enable-PSRemoting

 

That’s it for this quick article.

Comments

  • Anonymous
    December 30, 2016
    Great test-before-you-deploy best practices advice Paulo!