UI Extensibility in Office 2010

[アーティクル]
11/02/2009

When introducing the Ribbon UI in Office 2007, we also introduced the RibbonX (Ribbon extensibility) model, a new way to programmatically customize the Office UI. RibbonX enables 3^rd party developers and solution providers to build on top of the Ribbon by authoring custom tabs and groups, targeting scenarios unique to and optimized for their customers.

Office 2010 extends the span of the UI extensibility platform by providing support for customization of the new Backstage view. It also adds several new, powerful features to the existent RibbonX platform.

Extending the Backstage View

The Backstage view is a new integral part of the Office UI. It elevates the file-level features (printing, sharing, distributing, collaborating, etc.) the way the Ribbon elevated document creation features. Making it easy for 3^rd parties to extend the Backstage view’s immersive UI in meaningful ways is a large area of our extensibility focus in Office 2010.

One may ask – “when is it appropriate to extend the Ribbon and when the Backstage view?” If you are building a solution that targets document editing and content generation scenarios (i.e. your features will be helping customers when working in the document), extending the Ribbon is the way to go. If, on the other hand, your customers need a solution that helps them work with documents, processes and custom workflows that those documents are associated with, extending the Backstage is the recommended approach.

Example 1 – Efficient Project/Process Management via Custom Backstage Tab

More than ever in the past, today’s documents evolve via collaborative efforts, shifting through various stages and cycles. Processes that those documents are tied to are often highly customized and organization-specific. The Backstage view offers a great place to expose custom info about documents and those idiosyncratic processes, and enable users to “move” those documents through various stages.

Below is an add-in that adds a custom Contoso Process tab to the Backstage view; all of the custom UI in the example is built using the new Backstage extensibility model. Contoso Process tab displays relevant metadata about the spreadsheet and the phase it is in, as well as remaining steps that need to be taken for the spreadsheet to progress to the next stage. Schedule For Design Phase and Open Design Issues groups are red, indicating issues that require immediate attention. The graph on the right provides “bigger picture,” a summary of where in the process all of the other related spreadsheets are. It is easy to imagine how all of this custom metadata could be pulled from a SharePoint library which hosts the spreadsheets.

The Contoso Process UI displays custom metadata and contextually-aware custom UI for process management

Once all of the open design issues are resolved, Exit Design Phase button on top of the tab can be enabled programmatically. Clicking it moves the spreadsheet into the legal review phase and the tab updates its content dynamically to show the new status and the requirements for the new phase.

The Contoso Process UI updates dynamically to reflect the new phase spreadsheet has been moved to

Example 2 – Integrating Custom Features with Built-in Backstage Tabs

Imagine you are a solution developer, and sharing documents is a common scenario for your customers. They like the capabilities of the built-in Share tab in the Backstage view, but they also want a direct way to exchange their documents via Windows Live Hotmail and Facebook. Backstage extensibility empowers you to create and integrate both of these custom features into the built-in Share tab.

Here is what the customized Send Using E-Mail form would look like with the Send via Hotmail group added (the bottom right of the picture):

Custom Send via Hotmail group is integrated into the built-in Send Using E-mail form

And, here is what the customized Share tab would look like with the new Post to Facebook task (and the associated form) added:

Built-in Share tab is extended with a custom Post to Facebook task

Example 3 – Adding Quick, Custom File-Level Commands to the Backstage View

Now imagine you are a developer and your customers do a lot of intense data editing in multiple documents simultaneously. They open and close documents frequently, and they don’t want to be prompted to save changes when closing documents.

With the Backstage view extensibility, you can easily replace the built-in Close command with a custom Save and Close control which automatically saves the document before closing it.

Navigation pane in the Backstage before and after the change to replace built-in Close with custom Save & Close

Backstage View Extensibility – High-Level Overview for Developers

Backstage customizations are defined in the same markup file that contains Ribbon and context menu customizations; the Backstage is just another top-level node. Its internal hierarchy is in many ways similar to the Ribbon’s. Primarily, just like the Ribbon, the Backstage uses tabs as its core building blocks. Backstage tabs can contain either one or two columns of groups. The custom Contoso Process tab from the earlier example contains two columns:

Unlike the Ribbon, the Backstage can also host buttons at the top level – they show up as fast commands in the navigation pane, like the Save and Close command from our earlier example.

While groups in the Ribbon and the Backstage have different spatial organization of content, they can host numerous identical control types, with callbacks (custom functions that define unique control behaviors and which are being called by Office code) for those controls being same across the two.

More details on the Backstage extensibility, its structure and features will be provided in the upcoming Beta documentation. As the Beta build of Office 2010 becomes publicly available, the documentation will be published at the Office Developer Center on MSDN, and will include the full Backstage XML schema, the list of built-in control IDs, a comprehensive introductory article on Backstage extensibility, as well as numerous Backstage extensibility code samples.

If your solution customized the Office Menu in Office 2007, it will keep working in Office 2010. All of the custom functionality that was added to the Office Menu shows up in the Add-Ins flyout in the Backstage’s navigation pane:

Custom Office Menu additions (from Office 2007) show up in the Backstage’s navigation pane

RibbonX Platform Improvements

Tab activation and group auto-scaling are frequently requested features we hear from developers who create Ribbon solutions. Tab activation enables developers to activate a tab on demand; this brings the tab to the foreground (as if it were selected) in response to some event. Group auto-scaling enables custom Ribbon groups to adapt their layout to best match the horizontal window size. Improving context menu extensibility is another feature request we hear often. We addressed all these requests in Office 2010.

Tab Activation Support

Imagine a scenario in which you have built an Excel solution with several custom tabs. If each of your custom tabs pertains to a particular type of data, you may want to ensure that the appropriate tab is brought to the foreground when the user interacts with corresponding data type. You achieve this using the ActivateTab method on the IRibbonUI object (passing to it a String-type parameter specifying the custom tab to activate):

IRibbonUI.ActivateTab(String tabID).

You can use a “parallel” ActivateTabMso method to activate a built-in tab and ActivateTabQ method to activate a tab shared between multiple add-ins (ActivateTabQ requires an extra String-type parameter that specifies the namespace of the target add-in).

Custom Group Auto-Scaling

You have probably noticed that built-in Ribbon groups change their layout when you resize the window. When the window is larger, groups in the Ribbon use the space to show labels or “grow” the size of some commands; as the window shrinks down, groups adapt and “pack” more functionality into less space.

Imagine if customers of your solution want to run with non-maximized windows so they can have multiple applications visible simultaneously. However, when they make the application window smaller, they don’t want commands in your custom group to immediately resize into a single button and be an extra click away. Without having to define when or exactly how your custom group scales, in Office 2010 you can just indicate that the group should adaptively change its layout (by setting its autoScale property to “true”), and Office will ensure that it best fits within the changing window size.

Here is an example that shows how an add-in group would scale using autoScale=true; note that you should assign an icon to the group itself as the icon will be used when the group finally transforms into a single button:

In Office 2010 a custom group can change its layout to best fit within the resized application window

If you are building solutions on top of Office and efficient access to frequently-used, contextual functionality is important for users of your solutions, you have probably considered customizing right-click menus. Some context menus have been extensible via the CommandBars Object Model. However, there are context menus that can’t be changed this way; for example, PowerPoint 2007 contains context menus that aren’t accessible via the CommandBars OM. And, several control types (galleries, split-buttons) can’t be added to context menus via the CommandBars OM.

In Office 2010, you can rely on the familiar RibbonX model to also customize context menus. All of the control types supported in built-in menus can now be added to customized context menus. Context menus are accessible in Office 2010 as a new top-level node in the custom UI markup, the same markup that already hosts the Ribbon.

Customized cell context menu in Excel with a custom split-button, gallery and a separator added

Conclusion

The new Backstage extensibility platform and Ribbon extensibility enhancements empower you to build Office 2010 solutions that are even richer than the ones you could build in the past. We hope that you have already started using these features in the Technical Preview build of Office 2010 and we greatly appreciate your continuous feedback.

Comments

Anonymous
January 01, 2003
Will VS 2010 have a visual designer for Backstage?
Anonymous
January 01, 2003
Mirko - relegating add-ins to a flyout would also penalise users who have one or two add-ins that they use all the time. Perhaps the ideal would be for the user to decide which add-ins were prioritized and which relegated?
Anonymous
January 01, 2003
I Would like to use RibbonX ans backstage view in a Windows form or WPF application. Is it possible. Can you give me resource link for helping me. Thanks
Anonymous
January 01, 2003
Thanks for this post. NOW I understand why there is so much white space in some of the panes/sheets in Backstage. I thought the design team would be adding new stuff in the beta, which may, indeed, happen, but ... companies, consultants, even users can really customize their Office experience. Cool evolution.
Anonymous
January 01, 2003
Can i add Our server documents list to Recent documents list.
Anonymous
November 03, 2009
Custom Group Auto-Scaling I have a custom Tab with autoScale=false. However When I resize the Excel Window it still shrinks to a "Green Blob" - Please tell me that this is a BUG in TP and has been corrected in the Beta Release.... Many solutions will break if this is not the case
Anonymous
November 03, 2009
I have a problem with Example 1. "Contoso Process UI" is placed directly among the file menu, and at this rate, the file menu will exceed the screen with many plugins vying for that space. You can compare this to IE with LOTS of toolbars from Yahoo, Windows Live, MSN, StumbleUpon, etc... Seriously, I've seen someone with that many toolbars!!! I think that all additions in the File Menu should be placed in the Add-Ins submenu so that the UI will scale without cluttering.
Anonymous
November 04, 2009
Sam, can you check if setting autoScale to "true" (not "false") on your custom group(s) (not tabs) solves the unexpected behavior you are seeing? thenonhacker, thanks for the feedback! You make an interesting point and these types of questions are exactly what we are asking ourselves and our customers when building the UI extensibility platform. Striking a fine balance between being too rigid with what 3rd parties can do and ensuring that the underlying UI can't be "stretched too thin" by all of the custom additions is a constant challenge. In this particular case, based on our research around the types of solutions that we believe 3rd parties will want to build in the Backstage, limiting customizations to a single flyout felt too restrictive. The Backstage scaling support was designed with that in mind, though. While the end-user experience could degrade if too many custom tabs are added to the Backstage, all of them will always be available to the user.
Anonymous
November 06, 2009
Is the full schema and/or examples for the 2010 ribbon available anywhere? There's lots of articles about what can be done but none about how to do it. thanks - dave
Anonymous
November 07, 2009
Mirko, I tried that...no luck..If I have many controls on the Tab it will shrink to a green blob ! We dont get the Slider arrow like in 2007
Anonymous
November 07, 2009

Will Microsoft finally provide a developer based Ribbon/Backstage/Context Menu customization tool that will handle most of the XML code generation?
Why did you leave out basic Ribbon customization options in the Excel UI e.g. button size, screentip/supertip, custom button images etc? The omissions seem quite arbitrary.

Anonymous
November 12, 2009
This article is excellent news. However, as some others asked, is there any comprehensive documentation that would help us to anticipate GUI development Thank you
Anonymous
November 12, 2009
A few of you have asked about documentation. Coinciding with the public release of Office 2010 Beta, the following UI extensibility resources will be published on MSDN:

Introduction to the Office 2010 Backstage View for Developers
Customizing the Office 2010 Backstage View
Customizing Context Menus in Office 2010
Ribbon Extensibility in Microsoft Office 2010: Tab Activation and Auto-Scaling
Targeting User Interface Solutions to the 2007 and 2010 Releases of Microsoft Office
Office 2010 Schema: Fluent User Interface Schema
Office 2010 Help Files: Office Fluent User Interface Control Identifiers The resources will be based on and compatible with the Beta build. Also, if you are authoring document-based solutions, you should know that Trang Luu’s Custom UI Editor tool will be updated with a few functional and usability improvements. Once all of these resources become available publicly I will post another comment here. In the meantime, you can keep checking the Microsoft Office 2010 Developer Center (see the link at the end of my post).

Anonymous
November 17, 2009
Will Microsoft be providing pre-configured backstage view to recreate the Office 2003 interface (i.e. menus+toolbar and no ribbon)? There are a considerable number of people that hate the ribbon with passion so a menus + toolbar view would be most welcome.
Anonymous
November 20, 2009
Technical articles mentioned at the end of my post have become available on MSDN (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee692951(office.14).aspx). In addition to the technical articles, the following two downloads are also available:

Office 2010 Schema: Fluent User Interface Schema (http://download.microsoft.com/download/F/F/3/FF36D32F-4080-494B-83B8-49DADC68A999/Office2010FluentUISchema.exe)
Office 2010 Help Files: Office Fluent User Interface Control Identifiers (http://download.microsoft.com/download/0/7/B/07BF35CE-4FA1-4DED-B4AA-3801D4E49F89/Office2010ControlIDs.exe) The updated Custom UI Editor tool is available at (http://openxmldeveloper.org/archive/2009/11/18/7802.aspx). The tool is compatible both with Office 2007 and with the Beta build of Office 2010. While not strictly related to UI extensibility, the MSDN article on deploying customized Ribbon (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee704589(office.14).aspx) and Melissa Kerr’s blog post on UI customization (http://blogs.technet.com/office2010/archive/2009/11/09/making-the-ribbon-mine.aspx) may be of interest to you. I hope you find these resources valuable. Thanks for helping us make Office better and keep sending your feedback!

Anonymous
November 23, 2009
We started development on backstage. While I think the general design is very interesting and allows to plug-in many different business rules, we discoverd a strong regression : the whole model is static. For instance the menus can't be populated each time they need to be. Where is the dynamicMenu control that turned out to be a very nice feature in Office 2007 ????
Anonymous
November 25, 2009
Is there complete documentation for the ribbon and backstage anywhere? You show lots of useful examples of what can be done. But I can't find a complete list of all functionality (ie, definition & description of all the tags in the xml). Can you please point a link to that? thanks - dave
Anonymous
December 09, 2009
I echo the concern voiced by thenonhacker. We have many 3rd party plug-ins for Office, and I can see folks wanting to implement many custom business solutions on this. It would be nice to have some rudimentary organizational abilities--perhaps a tiered structure? Besides the limitations on space, some of this is more about clutter and deployment. What control does IT have over this? Is it easy to deploy certain tabs only to certain groups, for example? And if so, is it easy for IT to enforce the presence of a given tab? Maybe some of those types of scenarios weren't envisioned for Backstage use and would best be implemented another way? I guess if nothing else, please provide very specific guidance about how Backstage should be used (and how it should not be used), and any other best practices you recommend. Cool stuff! :)
Anonymous
January 25, 2010
@ Sam: This is possible if you are adding a custom group to a built-in tab. In order to ensure optimal scaling of all groups (including the built-in ones) within a built-in group, your custom group can in some cases scale directly to a big button, without going through the gradual auto-scaling sequence. @ David, Nicolas: Please see my last comment for the UI extensibility documentation for Office 2010 Beta. More specifically, the schema is available athttp://download.microsoft.com/download/0/7/B/07BF35CE-4FA1-4DED-B4AA-3801D4E49F89/Office2010ControlIDs.exe; the list of all the Backstage elements and their properties is available at the end of this article -http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee691833(office.14).aspx; and, of course, the Office 2007 documentation (athttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa338199.aspx) for the Ribbon elements and their properties is still valid. @ Nicolas: Thanks for the feedback on dynamically generated UI. While you can’t build custom dynamic menus in the Backstage, keep in mind that the UI is not entirely static. In fact, you can use a lot of the callbacks that are identical to those available in the Ribbon extensibility model to dynamically change the appearance of your controls (including their visibility). @ Colin, Simon: VSTO offers a Ribbon Visual Designer, which automatically generates the underlying custom markup from an easy-to-customize visual representation of the actual UI. VSTO’s Visual Designer currently offers no support for the Backstage extensibility. @ Colin: This post focuses on our UI extensibility work in Office 2010. The features you have mentioned (“basic Ribbon customization options in the Excel UI e.g. button size, screentip/supertip, custom button images”) have been documented elsewhere – in particular, check out the Office Fluent User Interface Developer Center at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/office/aa905530.aspx and various UI extensibility posts on the Office 2007 UI blog (http://blogs.msdn.com/jensenh/). @ Oliver: Thanks for the feedback. There are no plans to offer UI extensibity capabilities for recreating the Office 2003 interface. @ thenonhacker, mary_branscombe, Ryan: IT departments have control over which add-ins are installed on the computers in their organizations and also, over how end-users can customize their Office applications. See this article (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee704589(office.14).aspx) for more info.
Anonymous
February 04, 2010
Where one has created a customised ribbon and then exported this, as can be achieved through File | Options | Customize Ribbon, how can one incoporate the ribbon as part of the Office 2010 installation?
Anonymous
February 11, 2010
I'm porting our Outlook 2007 Addin to 2010. and testing the different new features. I've copied the xml for the back stage and it doesn't work! I can get the ribbonX in the Explorer to load with ribbon items and context menus using the sample XML. but the backstage sample XML doesn't show up. any ideas what the problem can be? is the an error log for the 2010 beta anywhere?
Anonymous
February 16, 2010
@ Graham: My name is Melissa and I am the PM for Ribbon Customization. There exists an MSDN article (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee704589(office.14).aspx) that provides instructions on Deploying a Customized Ribbon & Quick Access Toolbar to a set of user via an OS script. This article is not specifically about deploying customizations during Office 2010 installation time, but I think it will provide you with the necessary information in order to do this. Thanks for your question!
Anonymous
March 30, 2010
Many Thanks Melissa!

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