Lettura dell'utente non può modificare la password (provider LDAP)
La possibilità di un utente di modificare la password è un'autorizzazione che può essere concessa o negata.
Per determinare se l'autorizzazione di modifica della password viene concessa o negata
Eseguire l'associazione all'oggetto utente.
Ottenere l'oggetto IADsSecurityDescriptor dalla proprietà ntSecurityDescriptor dell'oggetto utente.
Ottenere un'interfaccia IADsAccessControlList per il descrittore di sicurezza dalla proprietà IADsSecurityDescriptor.DiscretionaryAcl.
Enumerare le voci di controllo di accesso (ACE) per l'oggetto e cercare gli ACL con il GUID della password delle modifiche ({AB721A53-1E2F-11D0-9819-00AA0040529B}) per la proprietà IADsAccessControlEntry.ObjectType e "Everyone" o "NT AUTHORITY\edizione Standard LF" per la proprietà IADsAccessControlEntry.Trustee.
Nota
Le stringhe "Everyone" e "NT AUTHORITY\edizione Standard LF" vengono localizzate in base alla lingua del primo controller di dominio nel dominio. Pertanto, le stringhe non devono essere usate direttamente. I nomi degli account devono essere ottenuti in fase di esecuzione chiamando la funzione LookupAccountSid con il SID per le entità di sicurezza note "Everyone" ("S-1-1-0") e "NT AUTHORITY\edizione Standard LF" ("S-1-5-10"). Gli esempi di codice C++ GetSidAccountName, GetSidAccountName_Everyone e GetSidAccountName_Self seguenti illustrano come eseguire questa operazione.
Se gli ACL "Everyone" e "NT AUTHORITY\edizione Standard LF" hanno il valore ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_DENIED_OBJECT per la proprietà IADsAccessControlEntry.AceType, l'autorizzazione viene negata.
Codice di esempio
Nell'esempio di codice seguente viene illustrato come determinare se l'autorizzazione Utente non può modificare la password usando il provider LDAP.
/***************************************************************************
GetSidAccountName()
Retrieves the account name for the specified SID.
pSid - Pointer to the SID that the account name should be retrieved for.
pbstrAccountName - Pointer to a BSTR that receives the account name. The
caller must free this with SysFreeString when it is no longer required.
***************************************************************************/
HRESULT GetSidAccountName(PSID pSid, BSTR *pbstrAccountName)
{
if(!pbstrAccountName)
{
return E_INVALIDARG;
}
HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
BOOL fReturn;
WCHAR wszAccountName[MAX_PATH];
DWORD dwAccountName;
WCHAR wszDomainName[MAX_PATH];
DWORD dwDomainName;
SID_NAME_USE SidNameUse;
DWORD dwSidSize;
dwAccountName = MAX_PATH;
dwDomainName = MAX_PATH;
dwSidSize = SECURITY_MAX_SID_SIZE;
/*
Get the account name for the specified SID.
*/
fReturn = LookupAccountSidW(
NULL,
pSid,
wszAccountName,
&dwAccountName,
wszDomainName,
&dwDomainName,
&SidNameUse);
if(fReturn)
{
CComBSTR sbstrReturn;
if(lstrlenW(wszDomainName) > 0)
{
sbstrReturn = wszDomainName;
sbstrReturn += "\\";
sbstrReturn += wszAccountName;
}
else
{
sbstrReturn = wszAccountName;
}
*pbstrAccountName = sbstrReturn.Detach();
hr = S_OK;
}
return hr;
}
/***************************************************************************
GetSidAccountName_Everyone()
Retrieves the local account name for the "World", also known as
"Everyone", account.
pbstrAccountName - Pointer to a BSTR that receives the account name. The
caller must free this with SysFreeString when it is no longer required.
***************************************************************************/
HRESULT GetSidAccountName_Everyone(BSTR *pbstrAccountName)
{
if(!pbstrAccountName)
{
return E_INVALIDARG;
}
HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
BOOL fReturn;
PSID psidAlloc;
// Create the SID for "Everyone".
SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY SidAuth = SECURITY_WORLD_SID_AUTHORITY;
fReturn = AllocateAndInitializeSid(
&SidAuth,
1,
SECURITY_WORLD_RID,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
&psidAlloc);
if(fReturn)
{
hr = GetSidAccountName(psidAlloc, pbstrAccountName);
LocalFree(psidAlloc);
}
return hr;
}
/***************************************************************************
GetSidAccountName_Self()
Retrieves the local account name for the "NT AUTHORITY\SELF" account.
pbstrAccountName - Pointer to a BSTR that receives the account name. The
caller must free this with SysFreeString when it is no longer required.
***************************************************************************/
HRESULT GetSidAccountName_Self(BSTR *pbstrAccountName)
{
HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
BOOL fReturn;
PSID psidAlloc;
// Create the SID for "Everyone".
SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY SidAuth = SECURITY_NT_AUTHORITY;
fReturn = AllocateAndInitializeSid(
&SidAuth,
1,
SECURITY_PRINCIPAL_SELF_RID,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
&psidAlloc);
if(fReturn)
{
hr = GetSidAccountName(psidAlloc, pbstrAccountName);
LocalFree(psidAlloc);
}
return hr;
}
#define CHANGE_PASSWORD_GUID_W L"{AB721A53-1E2F-11D0-9819-00AA0040529B}"
/***************************************************************************
GetObjectACE()
Retrieves the IADsAccessControlEntry for the ACE that matches the
specified object type and trustee in the specified IADsAccessControlList.
Returns a value other than S_OK if the ACE is not found.
pACL - Pointer to an IADsAccessControlList object that will be searched.
pwszObject - Pointer to a null-terminated Unicode string that contains
the object type to find.
pwszTrustee - Pointer to a null-terminated Unicode string that contains
the trustee to find.
ppACE - Pointer to an IADsAccessControlEntry pointer that receives the
ACE if successful. This receives NULL if not successful.
***************************************************************************/
HRESULT GetObjectACE(IADsAccessControlList* pACL,
LPCWSTR pwszObject,
LPCWSTR pwszTrustee,
IADsAccessControlEntry** ppACE)
{
if(NULL == pACL || NULL == pwszObject)
{
return E_INVALIDARG;
}
*ppACE = NULL;
HRESULT hr;
IUnknown *pUnk;
hr = pACL->get__NewEnum(&pUnk);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
return hr;
}
IEnumVARIANT *pEnum;
hr = pUnk->QueryInterface(IID_IEnumVARIANT, (LPVOID*)&pEnum);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
ULONG ulFetched;
BOOL fEveryone = FALSE;
BOOL fSelf = FALSE;
CComVariant svarACE;
for(hr = pEnum->Next(1, &svarACE, &ulFetched);
S_OK == hr && 1 == ulFetched;
hr = pEnum->Next(1, &svarACE, &ulFetched))
{
if(VT_DISPATCH == svarACE.vt)
{
IADsAccessControlEntry *pACE;
hr = svarACE.pdispVal->QueryInterface(IID_IADsAccessControlEntry, (void**)&pACE);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
CComBSTR sbstrObjectType;
hr = pACE->get_ObjectType(&sbstrObjectType);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
if(0 == lstrcmpiW(pwszObject, sbstrObjectType))
{
CComBSTR sbstrTrustee;
hr = pACE->get_Trustee(&sbstrTrustee);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr) && (0 == lstrcmpiW(sbstrTrustee, pwszTrustee)))
{
*ppACE = pACE;
break;
}
}
}
pACE->Release();
}
}
}
pEnum->Release();
}
return hr;
}
/***************************************************************************
UserCannotChangePassword()
Retrieves the "User Cannot Change Password" privilege using the LDAP
provider. This is determined by the presence and value of the change
password GUID ACE for the Everyone and Self trustees. The default result
of this function is that the user can change their password unless the
two ACEs specifically deny the privilege.
pwszUserDN - A null-terminated Unicode string that contains the LDAP
ADsPath of the user object to verify.
pwszUsername - A null-terminated Unicode string that contains the user
name to use for authorization. If this is NULL, the credentials of the
current user are used.
pwszPassword - A null-terminated Unicode string that contains the
password to use for authorization. This is ignored if pwszUsername is
NULL.
pfCannotChangePassword - Receives the setting for the privilege.
Receives nonzero if the user cannot change their password or zero if
the can change their password.
***************************************************************************/
HRESULT UserCannotChangePassword(LPCWSTR pwszUserDN,
LPCWSTR pwszUsername,
LPCWSTR pwszPassword,
BOOL *pfCannotChangePassword)
{
HRESULT hr;
CComBSTR sbstrEveryone;
hr = GetSidAccountName_Everyone(&sbstrEveryone);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
return hr;
}
CComBSTR sbstrSelf;
hr = GetSidAccountName_Self(&sbstrSelf);
if(FAILED(hr))
{
return hr;
}
if(NULL == pwszUserDN)
{
return E_INVALIDARG;
}
IADs *pads;
*pfCannotChangePassword = FALSE;
hr = ADsOpenObject( pwszUserDN,
pwszUsername,
pwszPassword,
ADS_SECURE_AUTHENTICATION,
IID_IADs,
(LPVOID*)&pads);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
CComVariant svar;
hr = pads->Get(CComBSTR("ntSecurityDescriptor"), &svar);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
IADsSecurityDescriptor *psd;
hr = svar.pdispVal->QueryInterface(IID_IADsSecurityDescriptor, (LPVOID*)&psd);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
IDispatch *pDisp;
hr = psd->get_DiscretionaryAcl(&pDisp);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
IADsAccessControlList *pACL;
hr = pDisp->QueryInterface(IID_IADsAccessControlList, (void**)&pACL);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
BOOL fEveryone = FALSE;
BOOL fSelf = FALSE;
IADsAccessControlEntry *pACEEveryone = NULL;
IADsAccessControlEntry *pACESelf = NULL;
// Get the ACE for everyone.
hr = GetObjectACE(pACL, CHANGE_PASSWORD_GUID_W, sbstrEveryone, &pACEEveryone);
// Get the ACE for self.
hr = GetObjectACE(pACL, CHANGE_PASSWORD_GUID_W, sbstrSelf, &pACESelf);
if(pACEEveryone && pACESelf)
{
LONG lAceType;
hr = pACEEveryone->get_AceType(&lAceType);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr) && (ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_DENIED_OBJECT == lAceType))
{
fEveryone = TRUE;
}
hr = pACESelf->get_AceType(&lAceType);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr) && (ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_DENIED_OBJECT == lAceType))
{
fSelf = TRUE;
}
}
if(fEveryone && fSelf)
{
*pfCannotChangePassword = TRUE;
}
else
{
*pfCannotChangePassword = FALSE;
}
}
pDisp->Release();
}
psd->Release();
}
}
pads->Release();
}
return hr;
}
Nell'esempio di codice seguente viene illustrato come determinare l'autorizzazione Utente non può modificare la password usando il provider LDAP.
Nota
L'esempio di codice seguente funziona solo per i domini in cui la lingua primaria è inglese, perché le stringhe "Everyone" e "NT AUTHORITY\edizione Standard LF" vengono localizzate in base alla lingua del primo controller di dominio nel dominio. In Visual Basic non è possibile ottenere i nomi degli account per un'entità di sicurezza nota senza chiamare la funzione LookupAccountSid. Se si usa Visual Basic, è consigliabile usare il provider WinNT per determinare l'autorizzazione Utente non può modificare la password, come illustrato in Lettura utente non può modificare la password (provider WinNT).If using Visual Basic, it is suggested that you use the WinNT provider to determine the User Cannot Change Password Permission as shown in Reading User Cannot Change Password (WinNT Provider).
Const CHANGE_PASSWORD_GUID = "{AB721A53-1E2F-11D0-9819-00AA0040529B}"
Const ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_DENIED_OBJECT = &H6
Function UserCannotChangePassword(strUserDN As String, strUsername As String, strPassword As String) As Boolean
UserCannotChangePassword = False
Dim oUser As IADs
Dim oSecDesc As IADsSecurityDescriptor
Dim oACL As IADsAccessControlList
Dim oACE As IADsAccessControlEntry
Dim fEveryone As Boolean
Dim fSelf As Boolean
fEveryone = False
fSelf = False
If "" <> strUsername Then
Dim dso As IADsOpenDSObject
' Bind to the group with the specified user name and password.
Set dso = GetObject("LDAP:")
Set oUser = dso.OpenDSObject(strUserDN, strUsername, strPassword, 1)
Else
' Bind to the group with the current credentials.
Set oUser = GetObject(strUserDN)
End If
Set oSecDesc = oUser.Get("ntSecurityDescriptor")
Set oACL = oSecDesc.DiscretionaryAcl
For Each oACE In oACL
If UCase(oACE.ObjectType) = UCase(CHANGE_PASSWORD_GUID) Then
If oACE.Trustee = "Everyone" And oACE.AceType = ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_DENIED_OBJECT Then
fEveryone = True
End If
If oACE.Trustee = "NT AUTHORITY\SELF" And oACE.AceType = ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_DENIED_OBJECT Then
fSelf = True
End If
End If
Next
If fSelf And fEveryone Then
UserCannotChangePassword = True
Else
UserCannotChangePassword = False
End If
End Function