Math Class
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Provides constants and static methods for trigonometric, logarithmic, and other common mathematical functions.
Inheritance Hierarchy
System.Object
System.Math
Namespace: System
Assembly: mscorlib (in mscorlib.dll)
Syntax
'Declaration
Public NotInheritable Class Math
public static class Math
The Math type exposes the following members.
Methods
| Name | Description | |
|---|---|---|
.gif "Public method") .gif "Static member") .gif "Supported by Silverlight for Windows Phone") .gif "Supported by Xbox 360") |
Abs(Decimal) | Returns the absolute value of a Decimal number. |
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Abs(Double) | Returns the absolute value of a double-precision floating-point number. |
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Abs(Int16) | Returns the absolute value of a 16-bit signed integer. |
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Abs(Int32) | Returns the absolute value of a 32-bit signed integer. |
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Abs(Int64) | Returns the absolute value of a 64-bit signed integer. |
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Abs(SByte) | Returns the absolute value of an 8-bit signed integer. |
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Abs(Single) | Returns the absolute value of a single-precision floating-point number. |
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Acos | Returns the angle whose cosine is the specified number. |
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Asin | Returns the angle whose sine is the specified number. |
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Atan | Returns the angle whose tangent is the specified number. |
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Atan2 | Returns the angle whose tangent is the quotient of two specified numbers. |
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Ceiling | Returns the smallest integral value greater than or equal to the specified double-precision floating-point number. |
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Cos | Returns the cosine of the specified angle. |
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Cosh | Returns the hyperbolic cosine of the specified angle. |
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Exp | Returns e raised to the specified power. |
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Floor | Returns the largest integer less than or equal to the specified double-precision floating-point number. |
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IEEERemainder | Returns the remainder resulting from the division of a specified number by another specified number. |
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Log(Double) | Returns the natural (base e) logarithm of a specified number. |
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Log(Double, Double) | Returns the logarithm of a specified number in a specified base. |
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Log10 | Returns the base 10 logarithm of a specified number. |
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Max(Byte, Byte) | Returns the larger of two 8-bit unsigned integers. |
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Max(Decimal, Decimal) | Returns the larger of two decimal numbers. |
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Max(Double, Double) | Returns the larger of two double-precision floating-point numbers. |
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Max(Int16, Int16) | Returns the larger of two 16-bit signed integers. |
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Max(Int32, Int32) | Returns the larger of two 32-bit signed integers. |
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Max(Int64, Int64) | Returns the larger of two 64-bit signed integers. |
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Max(SByte, SByte) | Returns the larger of two 8-bit signed integers. |
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Max(Single, Single) | Returns the larger of two single-precision floating-point numbers. |
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Max(UInt16, UInt16) | Returns the larger of two 16-bit unsigned integers. |
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Max(UInt32, UInt32) | Returns the larger of two 32-bit unsigned integers. |
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Max(UInt64, UInt64) | Returns the larger of two 64-bit unsigned integers. |
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Min(Byte, Byte) | Returns the smaller of two 8-bit unsigned integers. |
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Min(Decimal, Decimal) | Returns the smaller of two decimal numbers. |
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Min(Double, Double) | Returns the smaller of two double-precision floating-point numbers. |
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Min(Int16, Int16) | Returns the smaller of two 16-bit signed integers. |
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Min(Int32, Int32) | Returns the smaller of two 32-bit signed integers. |
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Min(Int64, Int64) | Returns the smaller of two 64-bit signed integers. |
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Min(SByte, SByte) | Returns the smaller of two 8-bit signed integers. |
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Min(Single, Single) | Returns the smaller of two single-precision floating-point numbers. |
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Min(UInt16, UInt16) | Returns the smaller of two 16-bit unsigned integers. |
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Min(UInt32, UInt32) | Returns the smaller of two 32-bit unsigned integers. |
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Min(UInt64, UInt64) | Returns the smaller of two 64-bit unsigned integers. |
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Pow | Returns a specified number raised to the specified power. |
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Round(Decimal) | Rounds a decimal value to the nearest integral value. |
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Round(Double) | Rounds a double-precision floating-point value to the nearest integral value. |
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Round(Decimal, Int32) | Rounds a decimal value to a specified number of fractional digits. |
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Round(Double, Int32) | Rounds a double-precision floating-point value to a specified number of fractional digits. |
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Sign(Decimal) | Returns a value indicating the sign of a decimal number. |
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Sign(Double) | Returns a value indicating the sign of a double-precision floating-point number. |
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Sign(Int16) | Returns a value indicating the sign of a 16-bit signed integer. |
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Sign(Int32) | Returns a value indicating the sign of a 32-bit signed integer. |
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Sign(Int64) | Returns a value indicating the sign of a 64-bit signed integer. |
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Sign(SByte) | Returns a value indicating the sign of an 8-bit signed integer. |
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Sign(Single) | Returns a value indicating the sign of a single-precision floating-point number. |
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Sin | Returns the sine of the specified angle. |
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Sinh | Returns the hyperbolic sine of the specified angle. |
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Sqrt | Returns the square root of a specified number. |
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Tan | Returns the tangent of the specified angle. |
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Tanh | Returns the hyperbolic tangent of the specified angle. |
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Fields
| Name | Description | |
|---|---|---|
.gif "Public field") |
E | Represents the natural logarithmic base, specified by the constant, e. |
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PI | Represents the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, specified by the constant, π. |
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Examples
The following code sample uses several mathematical and trigonometric functions from the Math class to calculate the inner angles of a trapezoid.
'The following class represents simple functionality of the trapezoid.
Class Example
Private m_longBase As Double
Private m_shortBase As Double
Private m_leftLeg As Double
Private m_rightLeg As Double
Public Sub New(ByVal longbase As Double, ByVal shortbase As Double, ByVal leftLeg As Double, ByVal rightLeg As Double)
m_longBase = Math.Abs(longbase)
m_shortBase = Math.Abs(shortbase)
m_leftLeg = Math.Abs(leftLeg)
m_rightLeg = Math.Abs(rightLeg)
End Sub
Private Function GetRightSmallBase() As Double
GetRightSmallBase = (Math.Pow(m_rightLeg, 2) - Math.Pow(m_leftLeg, 2) + Math.Pow(m_longBase, 2) + Math.Pow(m_shortBase, 2) - 2 * m_shortBase * m_longBase) / (2 * (m_longBase - m_shortBase))
End Function
Public Function GetHeight() As Double
Dim x As Double = GetRightSmallBase()
GetHeight = Math.Sqrt(Math.Pow(m_rightLeg, 2) - Math.Pow(x, 2))
End Function
Public Function GetSquare() As Double
GetSquare = GetHeight() * m_longBase / 2
End Function
Public Function GetLeftBaseRadianAngle() As Double
Dim sinX As Double = GetHeight() / m_leftLeg
GetLeftBaseRadianAngle = Math.Round(Math.Asin(sinX), 2)
End Function
Public Function GetRightBaseRadianAngle() As Double
Dim x As Double = GetRightSmallBase()
Dim cosX As Double = (Math.Pow(m_rightLeg, 2) + Math.Pow(x, 2) - Math.Pow(GetHeight(), 2)) / (2 * x * m_rightLeg)
GetRightBaseRadianAngle = Math.Round(Math.Acos(cosX), 2)
End Function
Public Function GetLeftBaseDegreeAngle() As Double
Dim x As Double = GetLeftBaseRadianAngle() * 180 / Math.PI
GetLeftBaseDegreeAngle = Math.Round(x, 2)
End Function
Public Function GetRightBaseDegreeAngle() As Double
Dim x As Double = GetRightBaseRadianAngle() * 180 / Math.PI
GetRightBaseDegreeAngle = Math.Round(x, 2)
End Function
Public Shared Sub Demo(ByVal outputBlock As System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock)
Dim trpz As Example = New Example(20, 10, 8, 6)
outputBlock.Text += String.Format("The trapezoid's bases are 20.0 and 10.0, the trapezoid's legs are 8.0 and 6.0") & vbCrLf
Dim h As Double = trpz.GetHeight()
outputBlock.Text &= "Trapezoid height is: " + h.ToString() & vbCrLf
Dim dxR As Double = trpz.GetLeftBaseRadianAngle()
outputBlock.Text &= "Trapezoid left base angle is: " + dxR.ToString() + " Radians" & vbCrLf
Dim dyR As Double = trpz.GetRightBaseRadianAngle()
outputBlock.Text &= "Trapezoid right base angle is: " + dyR.ToString() + " Radians" & vbCrLf
Dim dxD As Double = trpz.GetLeftBaseDegreeAngle()
outputBlock.Text &= "Trapezoid left base angle is: " + dxD.ToString() + " Degrees" & vbCrLf
Dim dyD As Double = trpz.GetRightBaseDegreeAngle()
outputBlock.Text &= "Trapezoid left base angle is: " + dyD.ToString() + " Degrees" & vbCrLf
End Sub
End Class
/// <summary>
/// The following class represents simple functionality of the trapezoid.
/// </summary>
class Example
{
private double m_longBase;
private double m_shortBase;
private double m_leftLeg;
private double m_rightLeg;
public Example(double longbase, double shortbase, double leftLeg, double rightLeg)
{
m_longBase = Math.Abs(longbase);
m_shortBase = Math.Abs(shortbase);
m_leftLeg = Math.Abs(leftLeg);
m_rightLeg = Math.Abs(rightLeg);
}
private double GetRightSmallBase()
{
return (Math.Pow(m_rightLeg, 2.0) - Math.Pow(m_leftLeg, 2.0) + Math.Pow(m_longBase, 2.0) + Math.Pow(m_shortBase, 2.0) - 2 * m_shortBase * m_longBase) / (2 * (m_longBase - m_shortBase));
}
public double GetHeight()
{
double x = GetRightSmallBase();
return Math.Sqrt(Math.Pow(m_rightLeg, 2.0) - Math.Pow(x, 2.0));
}
public double GetSquare()
{
return GetHeight() * m_longBase / 2.0;
}
public double GetLeftBaseRadianAngle()
{
double sinX = GetHeight() / m_leftLeg;
return Math.Round(Math.Asin(sinX), 2);
}
public double GetRightBaseRadianAngle()
{
double x = GetRightSmallBase();
double cosX = (Math.Pow(m_rightLeg, 2.0) + Math.Pow(x, 2.0) - Math.Pow(GetHeight(), 2.0)) / (2 * x * m_rightLeg);
return Math.Round(Math.Acos(cosX), 2);
}
public double GetLeftBaseDegreeAngle()
{
double x = GetLeftBaseRadianAngle() * 180 / Math.PI;
return Math.Round(x, 2);
}
public double GetRightBaseDegreeAngle()
{
double x = GetRightBaseRadianAngle() * 180 / Math.PI;
return Math.Round(x, 2);
}
public static void Demo(System.Windows.Controls.TextBlock outputBlock)
{
Example trpz = new Example(20.0, 10.0, 8.0, 6.0);
outputBlock.Text += String.Format("The trapezoid's bases are 20.0 and 10.0, the trapezoid's legs are 8.0 and 6.0") + "\n";
double h = trpz.GetHeight();
outputBlock.Text += "Trapezoid height is: " + h.ToString() + "\n";
double dxR = trpz.GetLeftBaseRadianAngle();
outputBlock.Text += "Trapezoid left base angle is: " + dxR.ToString() + " Radians" + "\n";
double dyR = trpz.GetRightBaseRadianAngle();
outputBlock.Text += "Trapezoid right base angle is: " + dyR.ToString() + " Radians" + "\n";
double dxD = trpz.GetLeftBaseDegreeAngle();
outputBlock.Text += "Trapezoid left base angle is: " + dxD.ToString() + " Degrees" + "\n";
double dyD = trpz.GetRightBaseDegreeAngle();
outputBlock.Text += "Trapezoid left base angle is: " + dyD.ToString() + " Degrees" + "\n";
}
}
Version Information
Silverlight
Supported in: 5, 4, 3
Silverlight for Windows Phone
Supported in: Windows Phone OS 7.1, Windows Phone OS 7.0
XNA Framework
Supported in: Xbox 360, Windows Phone OS 7.0
Platforms
For a list of the operating systems and browsers that are supported by Silverlight, see Supported Operating Systems and Browsers.
Thread Safety
Any public static (Shared in Visual Basic) members of this type are thread safe. Any instance members are not guaranteed to be thread safe.