Procedura: Esporre un feed sia come Atom che come RSS

Articolo
03/25/2025

Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) consente di creare un servizio che espone un feed di diffusione. Questo argomento illustra come creare un servizio di diffusione che espone un feed di diffusione usando sia Atom 1.0 che RSS 2.0. Questo servizio espone un endpoint che può restituire uno dei formati di syndication. Per semplicità, il servizio usato in questo esempio è self-hosted. In un ambiente di produzione un servizio di questo tipo verrebbe ospitato in IIS o WAS. Per altre informazioni sulle diverse opzioni di hosting WCF, vedere Hosting.

Per creare un servizio di diffusione di base

Definire un contratto di servizio usando un'interfaccia contrassegnata con l'attributo WebGetAttribute. Ogni operazione esposta come feed di diffusione restituisce un oggetto SyndicationFeedFormatter. Si notino i parametri per il WebGetAttribute. UriTemplate specifica l'URL usato per richiamare questa operazione del servizio. La stringa per questo parametro contiene valori letterali e una variabile tra parentesi graffe ({formato}). Questa variabile corrisponde al parametro format dell'operazione del servizio. Per altre informazioni, vedere UriTemplate. BodyStyle influisce sul modo in cui vengono scritti i messaggi inviati e ricevuti dall'operazione del servizio. Bare specifica che i dati inviati a e da questa operazione del servizio non vengono inclusi negli elementi XML definiti dall'infrastruttura. Per altre informazioni, vedere WebMessageBodyStyle.
```
[ServiceContract]
[ServiceKnownType(typeof(Atom10FeedFormatter))]
[ServiceKnownType(typeof(Rss20FeedFormatter))]
public interface IBlog
{
    [OperationContract]
    [WebGet(UriTemplate = "GetBlog?format={format}")]
    SyndicationFeedFormatter GetBlog(string format);
}
```
```
<ServiceContract()> _
<ServiceKnownType(GetType(Atom10FeedFormatter))> _
<ServiceKnownType(GetType(Rss20FeedFormatter))> _
Public Interface IBlog
    <OperationContract()> _
    <WebGet(UriTemplate:="GetBlog?format={format}")> _
    Function GetBlog(ByVal format As String) As SyndicationFeedFormatter
End Interface
```
Nota

Utilizzare il ServiceKnownTypeAttribute per specificare i tipi restituiti dalle operazioni del servizio in questa interfaccia.

Implementare il contratto di servizio.

public class BlogService : IBlog
{
    public SyndicationFeedFormatter GetBlog(string format)
    {
        SyndicationFeed feed = new SyndicationFeed("My Blog Feed", "This is a test feed", new Uri("http://SomeURI"));
        feed.Authors.Add(new SyndicationPerson("someone@microsoft.com"));
        feed.Categories.Add(new SyndicationCategory("How To Sample Code"));
        feed.Description = new TextSyndicationContent("This is a sample that demonstrates how to expose a feed through RSS and Atom with WCF");
        SyndicationItem item1 = new SyndicationItem(
            "Item One",
            "This is the content for item one",
            new Uri("http://localhost/Content/One"),
            "ItemOneID",
            DateTime.Now);

        SyndicationItem item2 = new SyndicationItem(
            "Item Two",
            "This is the content for item two",
            new Uri("http://localhost/Content/Two"),
            "ItemTwoID",
            DateTime.Now);

        SyndicationItem item3 = new SyndicationItem(
            "Item Three",
            "This is the content for item three",
            new Uri("http://localhost/Content/three"),
            "ItemThreeID",
            DateTime.Now);
        List<SyndicationItem> items = new List<SyndicationItem>();
        items.Add(item1);
        items.Add(item2);
        items.Add(item3);

        feed.Items = items;

        if (format == "rss")
            return new Rss20FeedFormatter(feed);
        else if (format == "atom")
            return new Atom10FeedFormatter(feed);
        else return null;
    }
}

Public Class BlogService
    implements IBlog

    Public Function GetBlog(ByVal format As String) As SyndicationFeedFormatter Implements IBlog.GetBlog
        Dim feed As New SyndicationFeed("My Blog Feed", "This is a test feed", New Uri("http://SomeURI"))
        feed.Authors.Add(New SyndicationPerson("someone@microsoft.com"))
        feed.Categories.Add(New SyndicationCategory("How To Sample Code"))
        feed.Description = New TextSyndicationContent("This is a sample that demonstrates how to expose a feed through RSS and Atom with WCF")
        Dim item1 As New SyndicationItem( _
            "Item One", _
            "This is the content for item one", _
            New Uri("http://localhost/Content/One"), _
            "ItemOneID", _
            DateTime.Now)

        Dim item2 As New SyndicationItem( _
            "Item Two", _
            "This is the content for item two", _
            New Uri("http://localhost/Content/Two"), _
            "ItemTwoID", _
            DateTime.Now)

        Dim item3 As New SyndicationItem( _
            "Item Three", _
            "This is the content for item three", _
            New Uri("http://localhost/Content/three"), _
            "ItemThreeID", _
            DateTime.Now)
        Dim items As New List(Of SyndicationItem)()
        items.Add(item1)
        items.Add(item2)
        items.Add(item3)

        feed.Items = items

        If (format = "rss") Then
            Return New Rss20FeedFormatter(feed)
        Else
            Return New Atom10FeedFormatter(feed)
        End If
    End Function
End Class

Creare un oggetto SyndicationFeed e aggiungere un autore, una categoria e una descrizione.

SyndicationFeed feed = new SyndicationFeed("My Blog Feed", "This is a test feed", new Uri("http://SomeURI"));
feed.Authors.Add(new SyndicationPerson("someone@microsoft.com"));
feed.Categories.Add(new SyndicationCategory("How To Sample Code"));
feed.Description = new TextSyndicationContent("This is a sample that demonstrates how to expose a feed through RSS and Atom with WCF");

Dim feed As New SyndicationFeed("My Blog Feed", "This is a test feed", New Uri("http://SomeURI"))
feed.Authors.Add(New SyndicationPerson("someone@microsoft.com"))
feed.Categories.Add(New SyndicationCategory("How To Sample Code"))
feed.Description = New TextSyndicationContent("This is a sample that demonstrates how to expose a feed through RSS and Atom with WCF")

Creare diversi oggetti SyndicationItem.

SyndicationItem item1 = new SyndicationItem(
    "Item One",
    "This is the content for item one",
    new Uri("http://localhost/Content/One"),
    "ItemOneID",
    DateTime.Now);

SyndicationItem item2 = new SyndicationItem(
    "Item Two",
    "This is the content for item two",
    new Uri("http://localhost/Content/Two"),
    "ItemTwoID",
    DateTime.Now);

SyndicationItem item3 = new SyndicationItem(
    "Item Three",
    "This is the content for item three",
    new Uri("http://localhost/Content/three"),
    "ItemThreeID",
    DateTime.Now);

Dim item1 As New SyndicationItem( _
    "Item One", _
    "This is the content for item one", _
    New Uri("http://localhost/Content/One"), _
    "ItemOneID", _
    DateTime.Now)

Dim item2 As New SyndicationItem( _
    "Item Two", _
    "This is the content for item two", _
    New Uri("http://localhost/Content/Two"), _
    "ItemTwoID", _
    DateTime.Now)

Dim item3 As New SyndicationItem( _
    "Item Three", _
    "This is the content for item three", _
    New Uri("http://localhost/Content/three"), _
    "ItemThreeID", _
    DateTime.Now)

Aggiungere gli oggetti SyndicationItem al feed.

List<SyndicationItem> items = new List<SyndicationItem>();
items.Add(item1);
items.Add(item2);
items.Add(item3);

feed.Items = items;

Dim items As New List(Of SyndicationItem)()
items.Add(item1)
items.Add(item2)
items.Add(item3)

feed.Items = items

Usare il parametro format per restituire il formato richiesto.

if (format == "rss")
    return new Rss20FeedFormatter(feed);
else if (format == "atom")
    return new Atom10FeedFormatter(feed);
else return null;

If (format = "rss") Then
    Return New Rss20FeedFormatter(feed)
Else
    Return New Atom10FeedFormatter(feed)
End If

Per ospitare il servizio

Creare un oggetto WebServiceHost. La classe WebServiceHost aggiunge automaticamente un endpoint all'indirizzo di base del servizio, a meno che non ne sia specificato uno nel codice o nella configurazione. In questo esempio non viene specificato alcun endpoint in modo che l'endpoint predefinito venga esposto.
```
Uri address = new Uri("http://localhost:8000/BlogService/");
WebServiceHost svcHost = new WebServiceHost(typeof(BlogService), address);
```
```
Dim address As New Uri("http://localhost:8000/BlogService/")
Dim svcHost As New WebServiceHost(GetType(BlogService), address)
```

Aprire l'host del servizio, caricare il feed dal servizio, visualizzare il feed e attendere che l'utente preme INVIO.

svcHost.Open();
Console.WriteLine("Service is running");

Console.WriteLine("Loading feed in Atom 1.0 format.");
XmlReader atomReader = XmlReader.Create("http://localhost:8000/BlogService/GetBlog?format=atom");
SyndicationFeed atomFeed = SyndicationFeed.Load(atomReader);
Console.WriteLine(atomFeed.Title.Text);
Console.WriteLine("Items:");
foreach (SyndicationItem item in atomFeed.Items)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"Title: {item.Title.Text}");
    Console.WriteLine("Content: {0}", ((TextSyndicationContent)item.Content).Text);
}

Console.WriteLine("Loading feed in RSS 2.0 format.");
XmlReader rssReader = XmlReader.Create("http://localhost:8000/BlogService/GetBlog?format=rss");
SyndicationFeed rssFeed = SyndicationFeed.Load(rssReader);
Console.WriteLine(rssFeed.Title.Text);
Console.WriteLine("Items:");
foreach (SyndicationItem item in rssFeed.Items)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"Title: {item.Title.Text}");
    // Notice we are using item.Summary here instead of item.Content. This is because
    // of the differences between Atom 1.0 and RSS 2.0 specs.
    Console.WriteLine("Content: {0}", ((TextSyndicationContent)item.Summary).Text);
}

Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to quit...");
Console.ReadLine();
svcHost.Close();

svcHost.Open()
Console.WriteLine("Service is running")

Console.WriteLine("Loading feed in Atom 1.0 format.")
Dim atomReader As XmlReader = XmlReader.Create("http://localhost:8000/BlogService/GetBlog?format=atom")
Dim atomFeed As SyndicationFeed = SyndicationFeed.Load(atomReader)
Console.WriteLine(atomFeed.Title.Text)
Console.WriteLine("Items:")
For Each item As SyndicationItem In atomFeed.Items
    Console.WriteLine("Title: {0}", item.Title.Text)
    Console.WriteLine("Content: {0}", CType(item.Content, TextSyndicationContent).Text)
Next

Console.WriteLine("Loading feed in RSS 2.0 format.")
Dim rssReader As XmlReader = XmlReader.Create("http://localhost:8000/BlogService/GetBlog?format=rss")
Dim rssFeed As SyndicationFeed = SyndicationFeed.Load(rssReader)
Console.WriteLine(rssFeed.Title.Text)
Console.WriteLine("Items:")
For Each item As SyndicationItem In rssFeed.Items
    Console.WriteLine("Title: {0}", item.Title.Text)
    Console.WriteLine("Content: {0}", CType(item.Content, TextSyndicationContent).Text)
Next


Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to quit...")
Console.ReadLine()
svcHost.Close()

Per chiamare GetBlog con HTTP GET

Apri un browser, inserisci il seguente URL, e premi Enter: http://localhost:8000/BlogService/GetBlog.

L'URL contiene l'indirizzo di base del servizio (http://localhost:8000/BlogService), l'indirizzo relativo dell'endpoint e l'operazione del servizio da chiamare.

Per chiamare GetBlog() dal codice

Crea un XmlReader con l'indirizzo di base e il metodo che stai chiamando.

XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create("http://localhost:8000/BlogService/GetBlog?format=atom");

Dim atomReader As XmlReader = XmlReader.Create("http://localhost:8000/BlogService/GetBlog?format=atom")

Chiama il metodo statico Load(XmlReader), passando il XmlReader appena creato.
```
SyndicationFeed feed = SyndicationFeed.Load(reader);
```
```
Dim feed As SyndicationFeed = SyndicationFeed.Load(atomReader)
```
Viene richiamata l'operazione del servizio e viene popolata una nuova SyndicationFeed con il formattatore restituito dall'operazione del servizio.

Accedere all'oggetto feed.

Console.WriteLine(feed.Title.Text);
Console.WriteLine("Items:");
foreach (SyndicationItem item in feed.Items)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"Title: {item.Title.Text}");
    Console.WriteLine("Content: {0}", ((TextSyndicationContent)item.Content).Text);
}

Console.WriteLine(feed.Title.Text)
Console.WriteLine("Items:")
For Each item As SyndicationItem In feed.Items
    Console.WriteLine("Title: {0}", item.Title.Text)
    Console.WriteLine("Content: {0}", (CType(item.Content, TextSyndicationContent).Text))
Next

Esempio

Di seguito è riportato il listato di codice completo per questo esempio.

using System;
using System.Xml;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Description;
using System.ServiceModel.Syndication;
using System.ServiceModel.Web;
namespace Service
{
    [ServiceContract]
    [ServiceKnownType(typeof(Atom10FeedFormatter))]
    [ServiceKnownType(typeof(Rss20FeedFormatter))]
    public interface IBlog
    {
        [OperationContract]
        [WebGet(UriTemplate = "GetBlog?format={format}")]
        SyndicationFeedFormatter GetBlog(string format);
    }

    public class BlogService : IBlog
    {
        public SyndicationFeedFormatter GetBlog(string format)
        {
            SyndicationFeed feed = new SyndicationFeed("My Blog Feed", "This is a test feed", new Uri("http://SomeURI"));
            feed.Authors.Add(new SyndicationPerson("someone@microsoft.com"));
            feed.Categories.Add(new SyndicationCategory("How To Sample Code"));
            feed.Description = new TextSyndicationContent("This is a sample that demonstrates how to expose a feed through RSS and Atom with WCF");
            SyndicationItem item1 = new SyndicationItem(
                "Item One",
                "This is the content for item one",
                new Uri("http://localhost/Content/One"),
                "ItemOneID",
                DateTime.Now);

            SyndicationItem item2 = new SyndicationItem(
                "Item Two",
                "This is the content for item two",
                new Uri("http://localhost/Content/Two"),
                "ItemTwoID",
                DateTime.Now);

            SyndicationItem item3 = new SyndicationItem(
                "Item Three",
                "This is the content for item three",
                new Uri("http://localhost/Content/three"),
                "ItemThreeID",
                DateTime.Now);
            List<SyndicationItem> items = new List<SyndicationItem>();
            items.Add(item1);
            items.Add(item2);
            items.Add(item3);

            feed.Items = items;

            if (format == "rss")
                return new Rss20FeedFormatter(feed);
            else if (format == "atom")
                return new Atom10FeedFormatter(feed);
            else return null;
        }
    }

    public class Host
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Uri address = new Uri("http://localhost:8000/BlogService/");
            WebServiceHost svcHost = new WebServiceHost(typeof(BlogService), address);
            try
            {
                svcHost.Open();
                Console.WriteLine("Service is running");

                Console.WriteLine("Loading feed in Atom 1.0 format.");
                XmlReader atomReader = XmlReader.Create("http://localhost:8000/BlogService/GetBlog?format=atom");
                SyndicationFeed atomFeed = SyndicationFeed.Load(atomReader);
                Console.WriteLine(atomFeed.Title.Text);
                Console.WriteLine("Items:");
                foreach (SyndicationItem item in atomFeed.Items)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine($"Title: {item.Title.Text}");
                    Console.WriteLine("Content: {0}", ((TextSyndicationContent)item.Content).Text);
                }

                Console.WriteLine("Loading feed in RSS 2.0 format.");
                XmlReader rssReader = XmlReader.Create("http://localhost:8000/BlogService/GetBlog?format=rss");
                SyndicationFeed rssFeed = SyndicationFeed.Load(rssReader);
                Console.WriteLine(rssFeed.Title.Text);
                Console.WriteLine("Items:");
                foreach (SyndicationItem item in rssFeed.Items)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine($"Title: {item.Title.Text}");
                    // Notice we are using item.Summary here instead of item.Content. This is because
                    // of the differences between Atom 1.0 and RSS 2.0 specs.
                    Console.WriteLine("Content: {0}", ((TextSyndicationContent)item.Summary).Text);
                }

                Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to quit...");
                Console.ReadLine();
                svcHost.Close();
            }
            catch (CommunicationException ce)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"An exception occurred: {ce.Message}");
                svcHost.Abort();
            }
        }
    }
}

Compilazione del codice

Quando si compila il codice precedente, fare riferimento a System.ServiceModel.dll e System.ServiceModel.Web.dll.

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