Multicloud: Connessione a tutte le aree con le librerie di Azure per Python

È possibile usare le librerie di Azure per Python per connettersi a tutte le aree in cui Azure è disponibile.

Per impostazione predefinita, le librerie di Azure sono configurate per connettersi al cloud globale di Azure.

Uso di costanti predefinite per il cloud sovrano

Le costanti cloud sovrane predefinite vengono fornite dal AzureAuthorityHosts modulo della azure.identity libreria:

• AZURE_CHINA
• AZURE_GOVERNMENT
• AZURE_PUBLIC_CLOUD

Per usare una definizione, importare la costante appropriata da azure.identity.AzureAuthorityHosts e applicarla durante la creazione di oggetti client.

Quando si usa DefaultAzureCredential, come illustrato nell'esempio seguente, è possibile specificare il cloud usando il valore appropriato da azure.identity.AzureAuthorityHosts.

import os
from azure.mgmt.resource import ResourceManagementClient, SubscriptionClient
from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential, AzureAuthorityHosts

authority = AzureAuthorityHosts.AZURE_CHINA
resource_manager = "https://management.chinacloudapi.cn"

# Set environment variable AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID as well as environment variables
# for DefaultAzureCredential. For combinations of environment variables, see
# https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-python/tree/main/sdk/identity/azure-identity#environment-variables
subscription_id = os.environ["AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID"]

# When using sovereign domains (that is, any cloud other than AZURE_PUBLIC_CLOUD),
# you must use an authority with DefaultAzureCredential.
credential = DefaultAzureCredential(authority=authority)

resource_client = ResourceManagementClient(
    credential, subscription_id,
    base_url=resource_manager,
    credential_scopes=[resource_manager + "/.default"])

subscription_client = SubscriptionClient(
    credential,
    base_url=resource_manager,
    credential_scopes=[resource_manager + "/.default"])

Uso di una definizione di cloud personalizzata

Nel codice seguente sostituire i valori delle authorityvariabili , endpointe audience con i valori appropriati per il cloud privato.

import os
from azure.mgmt.resource import ResourceManagementClient, SubscriptionClient
from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential
from azure.profiles import KnownProfiles

# Set environment variable AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID as well as environment variables
# for DefaultAzureCredential. For combinations of environment variables, see
# https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-python/tree/main/sdk/identity/azure-identity#environment-variables
subscription_id = os.environ["AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID"]

authority = "<your authority>"
endpoint = "<your endpoint>"
audience = "<your audience>"

# When using a private cloud, you must use an authority with DefaultAzureCredential.
# The active_directory endpoint should be a URL like https://login.microsoftonline.com.
credential = DefaultAzureCredential(authority=authority)

resource_client = ResourceManagementClient(
    credential, subscription_id,
    base_url=endpoint,
    profile=KnownProfiles.v2019_03_01_hybrid,
    credential_scopes=[audience])

subscription_client = SubscriptionClient(
    credential,
    base_url=endpoint,
    profile=KnownProfiles.v2019_03_01_hybrid,
    credential_scopes=[audience])

Ad esempio, per Azure Stack, è possibile usare il comando az cloud show CLI per restituire i dettagli di un cloud registrato. L'output seguente mostra i valori restituiti per il cloud pubblico di Azure, ma l'output per un cloud privato di Azure Stack dovrebbe essere simile.

{
  "endpoints": {
    "activeDirectory": "https://login.microsoftonline.com",
    "activeDirectoryDataLakeResourceId": "https://datalake.azure.net/",
    "activeDirectoryGraphResourceId": "https://graph.windows.net/",
    "activeDirectoryResourceId": "https://management.core.windows.net/",
    "appInsightsResourceId": "https://api.applicationinsights.io",
    "appInsightsTelemetryChannelResourceId": "https://dc.applicationinsights.azure.com/v2/track",
    "attestationResourceId": "https://attest.azure.net",
    "azmirrorStorageAccountResourceId": null,
    "batchResourceId": "https://batch.core.windows.net/",
    "gallery": "https://gallery.azure.com/",
    "logAnalyticsResourceId": "https://api.loganalytics.io",
    "management": "https://management.core.windows.net/",
    "mediaResourceId": "https://rest.media.azure.net",
    "microsoftGraphResourceId": "https://graph.microsoft.com/",
    "ossrdbmsResourceId": "https://ossrdbms-aad.database.windows.net",
    "portal": "https://portal.azure.com",
    "resourceManager": "https://management.azure.com/",
    "sqlManagement": "https://management.core.windows.net:8443/",
    "synapseAnalyticsResourceId": "https://dev.azuresynapse.net",
    "vmImageAliasDoc": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Azure/azure-rest-api-specs/main/arm-compute/quickstart-templates/aliases.json"
  },
  "isActive": true,
  "name": "AzureCloud",
  "profile": "latest",
  "suffixes": {
    "acrLoginServerEndpoint": ".azurecr.io",
    "attestationEndpoint": ".attest.azure.net",
    "azureDatalakeAnalyticsCatalogAndJobEndpoint": "azuredatalakeanalytics.net",
    "azureDatalakeStoreFileSystemEndpoint": "azuredatalakestore.net",
    "keyvaultDns": ".vault.azure.net",
    "mariadbServerEndpoint": ".mariadb.database.azure.com",
    "mhsmDns": ".managedhsm.azure.net",
    "mysqlServerEndpoint": ".mysql.database.azure.com",
    "postgresqlServerEndpoint": ".postgres.database.azure.com",
    "sqlServerHostname": ".database.windows.net",
    "storageEndpoint": "core.windows.net",
    "storageSyncEndpoint": "afs.azure.net",
    "synapseAnalyticsEndpoint": ".dev.azuresynapse.net"
  }
}

Nel codice precedente è possibile impostare authority sul valore della endpoints.activeDirectory proprietà, endpoint sul valore della endpoints.resourceManager proprietà e audience sul valore di endpoints.activeDirectoryResourceId property + ".default".

Per altre informazioni, vedere Usare l'interfaccia della riga di comando di Azure con l'hub di Azure Stack e Ottenere informazioni sull'autenticazione per l'hub di Azure Stack.