Redirecting Well Known Containers (CN=Users; CN=Computers etc.)

Articolo
11/25/2009

In this post we will see the Powershell way of redirecting Users and Computers containers (i.e. Powershell equivalent of tools: redirusr.exe and redircmp.exe).

By now you might know that you can use Get-ADDomain cmdlet for viewing the well-known containers of a domain, For example:

 PS C:\Users\Administrator.DSWAMIPAT-W7-V1> Get-ADDomain | select *Container


ComputersContainer                 : CN=Computers,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
DeletedObjectsContainer            : CN=Deleted Objects,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
DomainControllersContainer         : OU=Domain Controllers,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
ForeignSecurityPrincipalsContainer : CN=ForeignSecurityPrincipals,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
LostAndFoundContainer              : CN=LostAndFound,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
QuotasContainer                    : CN=NTDS Quotas,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
SystemsContainer                   : CN=System,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
UsersContainer                     : OU=SwamTempOU,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com

However, Get-ADDomain cmdlet does not show you all the well-known containers. For example some lesser known containers such as: Program Data Container, Managed Service Account Container (which is technically an Other-Well-Known container) etc. are missing. Also, one cannot change/redirect a well-known container to some other OU using Set-ADDomain cmdlets.

These limitations can be easily overcome using Get-ADObject and Set-ADObject cmdlets. This blog discusses how to do these tasks using ADObject cmdlets and also provides easy-to-use functions for them.

Fetching well-known containers is really simple. All you have to do is read the wellKnownObjects and otherWellKnownObjects properties of the domain’s default naming context.

 PS C:\Users\Administrator.DSWAMIPAT-W7-V1> Get-ADObject (Get-ADRootDSE).DefaultNamingContext -Properties otherWellKnownObjects, wellKnownObjects | fl OtherWellKnownObjects, wellKnownObjects


OtherWellKnownObjects : {B:32:1EB93889E40C45DF9F0C64D23BBB6237:OU=TestMSAOU,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com}
wellKnownObjects      : {B:32:A9D1CA15768811D1ADED00C04FD8D5CD:OU=SwamTempOU,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com, B:32:6227F0AF1FC2410D8E3BB10615BB5B0F:CN=NTDS Quotas,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com, B:32:F4BE92A4C777485E878E9421D53087DB:CN=Microsoft,CN=Program Data,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com, B:32:09460C08AE1E4A4EA0F64AEE7DAA1E5A:CN=Program Data, DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com...}

These properties contain a list of well-known object containers by GUID and distinguished name. Of course you must know the GUID of the container that you are looking for, to find its value.

Also, changing/redirecting a well-known container can be done using Set-ADObject cmdlet by removing the old value from wellKnownObjects/otherWellKnownObjects attribute on the default naming context (i.e. DC=domainname,DC=com) and adding a new value. For example in order to redirect the Users container, one would run the following command:

 PS C:\Users\Administrator.DSWAMIPAT-W7-V1> Set-ADObject (Get-ADRootDSE).DefaultNamingContext -Remove @{wellKnownObjects = "B:32:A9D1CA15768811D1ADED00C04FD8D5CD:CN=Users,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com" } -Add @{wellKnownObjects = "B:32:A9D1CA15768811D1ADED00C04FD8D5CD:OU=SwamTempOU,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com" } -server (Get-ADDomain).PDCEmulator

NOTE: The operation must be performed on the Primary domain controller (PDC).

Though it is feasible to use Get-ADObject and Set-ADObject cmdlets to read and manipulate well known containers, it is cumbersome. I have written few functions that would Get and Set the values of these containers.

In order to express the container name in a user-friendly way (rather than a cryptic GUID) I have created a new Enum called: WellKnownGuid. (I used a modified version of Add-Enum script described here in order to create the Enum)

There are two functions Get-XADWellKnownContainer and Set-XADWellKnownContainer that would get and set the value of a well-known container identified by its WellKnownGuid.

Example:

 PS C:\Users\Administrator.DSWAMIPAT-W7-V1> Get-XADWellKnownContainer UsersContainer
OU=SwamTempOU,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com


PS C:\Users\Administrator.DSWAMIPAT-W7-V1> Get-XADWellKnownContainer ComputersContainer
CN=Computers,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com

For getting the values of all the Well-known containers of a domain type this:

 PS C:\Users\Administrator.DSWAMIPAT-W7-V1> [Enum]::GetNames([WellKnownGuid]) | %{ $_.PadRight(30) + " : "+(Get-XADWellKnownContainer $_)}
UsersContainer                 : OU=SwamTempOU,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
ComputersContainer             : CN=Computers,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
SystemsContainer               : CN=System,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
DCContainer                    : OU=Domain Controllers,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
InfrastructureContainer        : CN=Infrastructure,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
DeletedObjectsContainer        : CN=Deleted Objects,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
LostAndFoundContainer          : CN=LostAndFound,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
ForeignSecurityPrincipalContainer : CN=ForeignSecurityPrincipals,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
ProgramDataContainer           : CN=Program Data,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
MicrosoftProgramDataContainer  : CN=Microsoft,CN=Program Data,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
NtdsQuotasContainer            : CN=NTDS Quotas,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com
ManagedServiceAccountContainer : OU=LeakTestOU,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com

For changing/redirecting a well-known container simply pass the container name and new DN to Set-XADWellKnownContainer function.

Example:

 PS C:\Users\Administrator.DSWAMIPAT-W7-V1> Set-XADWellKnownContainer  UsersContainer CN=Users,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com"


PS C:\Users\Administrator.DSWAMIPAT-W7-V1> Get-XADWellKnownContainer  UsersContainer
CN=Users,DC=dswamipat-w7-vm1,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com

The script that contains these functions can be found attached to this blog.

For more information on well-known containers, read this: Binding to Well-Known Objects using WKGUID.

Cheers,

Swami

RedirectingWellKnownGuidContainer.ps1

Comments

Anonymous
February 23, 2011
dont ry this stuff it can break your AD
Anonymous
October 31, 2011
^^All Active Directory modifications must be taken with caution. Make sure you know what you are doing before you start to make changes you do not understand.
Anonymous
January 17, 2012
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Redirecting Well Known Containers (CN=Users; CN=Computers etc.)

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