Enumerable.GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TElement, TResult> Method (IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource, TKey>, Func<TSource, TElement>, Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TElement>, TResult>)
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Groups the elements of a sequence according to a specified key selector function and creates a result value from each group and its key. The elements of each group are projected by using a specified function.
Namespace: System.Linq
Assembly: System.Core (in System.Core.dll)
Syntax
'Declaration
<ExtensionAttribute> _
Public Shared Function GroupBy(Of TSource, TKey, TElement, TResult) ( _
source As IEnumerable(Of TSource), _
keySelector As Func(Of TSource, TKey), _
elementSelector As Func(Of TSource, TElement), _
resultSelector As Func(Of TKey, IEnumerable(Of TElement), TResult) _
) As IEnumerable(Of TResult)
public static IEnumerable<TResult> GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TElement, TResult>(
this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector,
Func<TSource, TElement> elementSelector,
Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TElement>, TResult> resultSelector
)
Type Parameters
- TSource
The type of the elements of source.
- TKey
The type of the key returned by keySelector.
- TElement
The type of the elements in each IGrouping<TKey, TElement>.
- TResult
The type of the result value returned by resultSelector.
Parameters
- source
Type: System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TSource>
An IEnumerable<T> whose elements to group.
- keySelector
Type: System.Func<TSource, TKey>
A function to extract the key for each element.
- elementSelector
Type: System.Func<TSource, TElement>
A function to map each source element to an element in an IGrouping<TKey, TElement>.
- resultSelector
Type: System.Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TElement>, TResult>
A function to create a result value from each group.
Return Value
Type: System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<TResult>
A collection of elements of type TResult where each element represents a projection over a group and its key.
Usage Note
In Visual Basic and C#, you can call this method as an instance method on any object of type IEnumerable<TSource>. When you use instance method syntax to call this method, omit the first parameter.
Remarks
In query expression syntax, a group by (Visual C#) or Group By Into (Visual Basic) clause translates to an invocation of GroupBy.
Examples
The following code example demonstrates how to use GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TElement, TResult>(IEnumerable<TSource>, Func<TSource, TKey>, Func<TSource, TElement>, Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TElement>, TResult>) to group the projected elements of a sequence and then project a sequence of results of type TResult.
Structure Pet
Public Name As String
Public Age As Double
End Structure
Public Sub GroupByEx4()
' Create a list of pets.
Dim petsList As New List(Of Pet)(New Pet() _
{New Pet With {.Name = "Barley", .Age = 8.3}, _
New Pet With {.Name = "Boots", .Age = 4.9}, _
New Pet With {.Name = "Whiskers", .Age = 1.5}, _
New Pet With {.Name = "Daisy", .Age = 4.3}})
' Group Pet.Age values by the Math.Floor of the age.
' Then project an anonymous type from each group
' that consists of the key, the count of the group's
' elements, and the minimum and maximum age in the group.
Dim query = petsList.GroupBy( _
Function(pet) Math.Floor(pet.Age), _
Function(pet) pet.Age, _
Function(baseAge, ages) New With _
{.Key = baseAge, _
.Count = ages.Count(), _
.Min = ages.Min(), _
.Max = ages.Max()} _
)
Dim output As New System.Text.StringBuilder
' Iterate over each anonymous type.
For Each result In query
output.AppendLine(vbCrLf & "Age group: " & result.Key)
output.AppendLine("Number of pets in this age group: " & result.Count)
output.AppendLine("Minimum age: " & result.Min)
output.AppendLine("Maximum age: " & result.Max)
Next
' Display the output.
outputBlock.Text &= output.ToString() & vbCrLf
End Sub
' This code produces the following output:
' Age group: 8
' Number of pets in this age group: 1
' Minimum age: 8.3
' Maximum age: 8.3
'
' Age group: 4
' Number of pets in this age group: 2
' Minimum age: 4.3
' Maximum age: 4.9
'
' Age group: 1
' Number of pets in this age group: 1
' Minimum age: 1.5
' Maximum age: 1.5
class Pet
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public double Age { get; set; }
}
public static void GroupByEx4()
{
// Create a list of pets.
List<Pet> petsList =
new List<Pet>{ new Pet { Name="Barley", Age=8.3 },
new Pet { Name="Boots", Age=4.9 },
new Pet { Name="Whiskers", Age=1.5 },
new Pet { Name="Daisy", Age=4.3 } };
// Group Pet.Age values by the Math.Floor of the age.
// Then project an anonymous type from each group
// that consists of the key, the count of the group's
// elements, and the minimum and maximum age in the group.
var query = petsList.GroupBy(
pet => Math.Floor(pet.Age),
pet => pet.Age,
(baseAge, ages) => new
{
Key = baseAge,
Count = ages.Count(),
Min = ages.Min(),
Max = ages.Max()
});
// Iterate over each anonymous type.
foreach (var result in query)
{
outputBlock.Text += "\nAge group: " + result.Key + "\n";
outputBlock.Text += "Number of pets in this age group: " + result.Count + "\n";
outputBlock.Text += "Minimum age: " + result.Min + "\n";
outputBlock.Text += "Maximum age: " + result.Max + "\n";
}
/* This code produces the following output:
Age group: 8
Number of pets in this age group: 1
Minimum age: 8.3
Maximum age: 8.3
Age group: 4
Number of pets in this age group: 2
Minimum age: 4.3
Maximum age: 4.9
Age group: 1
Number of pets in this age group: 1
Minimum age: 1.5
Maximum age: 1.5
*/
}
Version Information
Silverlight
Supported in: 5, 4, 3
Silverlight for Windows Phone
Supported in: Windows Phone OS 7.1, Windows Phone OS 7.0
XNA Framework
Supported in: Xbox 360, Windows Phone OS 7.0
Platforms
For a list of the operating systems and browsers that are supported by Silverlight, see Supported Operating Systems and Browsers.