Save data in a transaction

Article
11/15/2016

Note

This article applies to Visual Studio 2015. If you're looking for the latest Visual Studio documentation, see Visual Studio documentation. We recommend upgrading to the latest version of Visual Studio. Download it here

This walkthrough demonstrates how to save data in a transaction by using the System.Transactions namespace. This example uses the Customers and Orders tables from the Northwind sample database.

Prerequisites

This walkthrough requires access to the Northwind sample database.

Create a Windows application

The first step is to create a Windows Application.

To create the new Windows project

In Visual Studio, on the File menu, create a new Project.
Name the project SavingDataInATransactionWalkthrough.
Select Windows Application, and then select OK. For more information, see Client Applications.

The SavingDataInATransactionWalkthrough project is created and added to Solution Explorer.

Create a database data source

This step uses the Data Source Configuration Wizard to create a data source based on the Customers and Orders tables in the Northwind sample database.

To create the data source

On the Data menu, selectShow Data Sources.
In the Data Sources window, select Add New Data Source to start the Data Source Configuration Wizard.
On the Choose a Data Source Typescreen, select Database, and then select Next.
On the Choose your Data Connectionscreen do one of the following:
- If a data connection to the Northwind sample database is available in the drop-down list, select it.
  
  -or-
- Select New Connection to launch the Add/Modify Connection dialog box and create a connection to the Northwind database.
If your database requires a password, select the option to include sensitive data, and then select Next.
On the Save connection string to the Application Configuration file screen, select Next.
On the Choose your Database Objects screen, expand the Tables node.
Select the Customers and Orders tables, and then select Finish.

The NorthwindDataSet is added to your project and the Customers and Orders tables appear in the Data Sources window.

Addcontrols to the form

You can create the data-bound controls by dragging items from the Data Sources window onto your form.

To create data bound controls on the Windows form

In the Data Sources window, expand the Customers node.
Drag the main Customers node from the Data Sources window onto Form1.

A DataGridView control and a tool strip (BindingNavigator) for navigating records appear on the form. A NorthwindDataSet, CustomersTableAdapter, BindingSource, and BindingNavigator appear in the component tray.
Drag the related Orders node (not the main Orders node, but the related child-table node below the Fax column) onto the form below the CustomersDataGridView.

A DataGridView appears on the form. An OrdersTableAdapter and BindingSource appear in the component tray.

Add a reference to the System.Transactions assembly

Transactions use the System.Transactions namespace. A project reference to the System.Transactions assembly is not added by default, so you need to manually add it.

To add a reference to the System.Transactions DLL file

On the Project menu, selectAdd Reference.
Select System.Transactions(on the .NET tab), and then select OK.

A reference to System.Transactions is added to the project.

Modifythe code in the BindingNavigator's SaveItem button

For the first table dropped onto your form, code is added by default to the click event of the save button on the BindingNavigator. You need to manually add code to update any additional tables. For this walkthrough, we refactor the existing save code out of the save button's click event handler.We also create a few more methods to provide specific update functionality based on whether the row needs to be added or deleted.

To modify the auto-generated save code

Select the Save button on the CustomersBindingNavigator (the button with the floppy disk icon).

Replace the CustomersBindingNavigatorSaveItem_Click method with the following code:

private void customersBindingNavigatorSaveItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    UpdateData();
}

private void UpdateData()
{
    this.Validate();
    this.customersBindingSource.EndEdit();
    this.ordersBindingSource.EndEdit();

    using (System.Transactions.TransactionScope updateTransaction = 
        new System.Transactions.TransactionScope())
    {
        DeleteOrders();
        DeleteCustomers();
        AddNewCustomers();
        AddNewOrders();

        updateTransaction.Complete();
        northwindDataSet.AcceptChanges();
    }
}

Private Sub CustomersBindingNavigatorSaveItem_Click() Handles CustomersBindingNavigatorSaveItem.Click
    UpdateData()
End Sub

Private Sub UpdateData()
    Me.Validate()
    Me.CustomersBindingSource.EndEdit()
    Me.OrdersBindingSource.EndEdit()

    Using updateTransaction As New Transactions.TransactionScope

        DeleteOrders()
        DeleteCustomers()
        AddNewCustomers()
        AddNewOrders()

        updateTransaction.Complete()
        NorthwindDataSet.AcceptChanges()
    End Using
End Sub

The order for reconciling changes to related data is as follows:

Delete child records. (In this case, delete records from the Orders table.)
Delete parent records. (In this case, delete records from the Customers table.)
Insert parent records.(In this case, insert records in the Customers table.)
Insert child records. (In this case, insert records in the Orders table.)

To delete existing orders

Add the following DeleteOrders method to Form1:

private void DeleteOrders()
{
    NorthwindDataSet.OrdersDataTable deletedOrders;
    deletedOrders = (NorthwindDataSet.OrdersDataTable)
        northwindDataSet.Orders.GetChanges(DataRowState.Deleted);

    if (deletedOrders != null)
    {
        try
        {
            ordersTableAdapter.Update(deletedOrders);
        }
        catch (System.Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("DeleteOrders Failed");
        }
    }
}

Private Sub DeleteOrders()

    Dim deletedOrders As NorthwindDataSet.OrdersDataTable
    deletedOrders = CType(NorthwindDataSet.Orders.GetChanges(Data.DataRowState.Deleted),
        NorthwindDataSet.OrdersDataTable)

    If Not IsNothing(deletedOrders) Then
        Try
            OrdersTableAdapter.Update(deletedOrders)

        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show("DeleteOrders Failed")
        End Try
    End If
End Sub

To delete existing customers

Add the following DeleteCustomers method to Form1:

private void DeleteCustomers()
{
    NorthwindDataSet.CustomersDataTable deletedCustomers;
    deletedCustomers = (NorthwindDataSet.CustomersDataTable)
        northwindDataSet.Customers.GetChanges(DataRowState.Deleted);

    if (deletedCustomers != null)
    {
        try
        {
            customersTableAdapter.Update(deletedCustomers);
        }
        catch (System.Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("DeleteCustomers Failed");
        }
    }
}

Private Sub DeleteCustomers()

    Dim deletedCustomers As NorthwindDataSet.CustomersDataTable
    deletedCustomers = CType(NorthwindDataSet.Customers.GetChanges(Data.DataRowState.Deleted),
        NorthwindDataSet.CustomersDataTable)

    If Not IsNothing(deletedCustomers) Then
        Try
            CustomersTableAdapter.Update(deletedCustomers)

        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show("DeleteCustomers Failed" & vbCrLf & ex.Message)
        End Try
    End If
End Sub

To add new customers

Add the following AddNewCustomers method to Form1:

private void AddNewCustomers()
{
    NorthwindDataSet.CustomersDataTable newCustomers;
    newCustomers = (NorthwindDataSet.CustomersDataTable)
        northwindDataSet.Customers.GetChanges(DataRowState.Added);

    if (newCustomers != null)
    {
        try
        {
            customersTableAdapter.Update(newCustomers);
        }
        catch (System.Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("AddNewCustomers Failed");
        }
    }
}

Private Sub AddNewCustomers()

    Dim newCustomers As NorthwindDataSet.CustomersDataTable
    newCustomers = CType(NorthwindDataSet.Customers.GetChanges(Data.DataRowState.Added),
        NorthwindDataSet.CustomersDataTable)

    If Not IsNothing(newCustomers) Then
        Try
            CustomersTableAdapter.Update(newCustomers)

        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show("AddNewCustomers Failed" & vbCrLf & ex.Message)
        End Try
    End If
End Sub

To add new orders

Add the following AddNewOrders method to Form1:

private void AddNewOrders()
{
    NorthwindDataSet.OrdersDataTable newOrders;
    newOrders = (NorthwindDataSet.OrdersDataTable)
        northwindDataSet.Orders.GetChanges(DataRowState.Added);

    if (newOrders != null)
    {
        try
        {
            ordersTableAdapter.Update(newOrders);
        }
        catch (System.Exception ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("AddNewOrders Failed");
        }
    }
}

Private Sub AddNewOrders()

    Dim newOrders As NorthwindDataSet.OrdersDataTable
    newOrders = CType(NorthwindDataSet.Orders.GetChanges(Data.DataRowState.Added),
        NorthwindDataSet.OrdersDataTable)

    If Not IsNothing(newOrders) Then
        Try
            OrdersTableAdapter.Update(newOrders)

        Catch ex As Exception
            MessageBox.Show("AddNewOrders Failed" & vbCrLf & ex.Message)
        End Try
    End If
End Sub

Run the application

To run the application

Select F5 to run the application.

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