_cprintf, _cprintf_l, _cwprintf, _cwprintf_l

Article
04/22/2008

Formats and prints to the console. More secure versions are available; see _cprintf_s, _cprintf_s_l, _cwprintf_s, _cwprintf_s_l.

int _cprintf( 
   const char * format [, 
      argument] ... 
);
int _cprintf_l( 
   const char * format,
   locale_t locale [,
      argument] … 
);
int _cwprintf(
   const wchar * format [, 
      argument] …
);
int _cwprintf_l(
   const wchar * format,
   locale_t locale [, 
      argument] …
);

Parameters

format
Format-control string.
argument
Optional parameters.
locale
The locale to use.

Return Value

The number of characters printed.

Remarks

Thesefunctions format and print a series of characters and values directly to the console, using the _putch function (_putwch for _cwprintf) to output characters. Each argument (if any) is converted and output according to the corresponding format specification in format. The format has the same form and function as the format parameter for the printf function. Unlike the fprintf, printf, and sprintf functions, neither _cprintf nor _cwprintf translates line-feed characters into carriage return–line feed (CR-LF) combinations when output.

An important distinction is that _cwprintf displays Unicode characters when used in Windows NT. Unlike _cprintf, _cwprintf uses the current console locale settings.

The versions of these functions with the _l suffix are identical except that they use the locale parameter passed in instead of the current locale.

_cprintf validates the format parameter. If format is a null pointer, the function invokes the invalid parameter handler, as described in Parameter Validation. If execution is allowed to continue, the function returns -1 and sets errno to EINVAL.

Security Note:
Ensure that format is not a user-defined string.

Generic-Text Routine Mappings

Tchar.h routine	_UNICODE and _MBCS not defined	_MBCS defined	_UNICODE defined
_tcprintf	_cprintf	_cprintf	_cwprintf
_tcprintf_l	_cprintf_l	_cprintf_l	_cwprintf_l

Requirements

Routine	Required header
_cprintf, _cprintf_l	<conio.h>
_cwprintf, _cwprintf_l	<conio.h>

For more compatibility information, see Compatibility in the Introduction.

Example

// crt_cprintf.c
// compile with: /c
// This program displays some variables to the console.

#include <conio.h>

int main( void )
{
    int         i = -16,
                h = 29;
    unsigned    u = 62511;
    char        c = 'A';
    char        s[] = "Test";

    // Note that console output does not translate \n as
    // standard output does. Use \r\n instead.
    //
    _cprintf( "%d  %.4x  %u  %c %s\r\n", i, h, u, c, s );
}

-16  001d  62511  A Test

.NET Framework Equivalent

Not applicable. To call the standard C function, use PInvoke. For more information, see Platform Invoke Examples.

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