getc, getwc
Read a character from a stream.
int getc(
FILE *stream
);
wint_t getwc(
FILE *stream
);
Parameters
- stream
Input stream.
Return Value
Returns the character read. To indicate a read error or end-of-file condition, getc returns EOF, and getwc returns WEOF. For getc, use ferror or feof to check for an error or for end of file. If stream is NULL, getc and getwc invoke the invalid parameter handler, as described in Parameter Validation. If execution is allowed to continue, these functions return EOF (or WEOF forgetwc) and set errno to EINVAL.
See _doserrno, errno, _sys_errlist, and _sys_nerr for more information on these, and other, error codes.
Remarks
Each routine reads a single character from a file at the current position and increments the associated file pointer (if defined) to point to the next character. The file is associated with stream.
These functions lock the calling thread and are therefore thread-safe. For a non-locking version, see _getc_nolock, _getwc_nolock.
Routine-specific remarks follow.
Routine |
Remarks |
|---|---|
getc |
Same as fgetc, but implemented as a function and as a macro. |
getwc |
Wide-character version of getc. Reads a multibyte character or a wide character according to whether stream is opened in text mode or binary mode. |
Generic-Text Routine Mappings
TCHAR.H routine |
_UNICODE & _MBCS not defined |
_MBCS defined |
_UNICODE defined |
|---|---|---|---|
_gettc |
getc |
getc |
getwc |
Requirements
Routine |
Required header |
|---|---|
getc |
<stdio.h> |
getwc |
<stdio.h> or <wchar.h> |
For additional compatibility information, see Compatibility in the Introduction.
Example
// crt_getc.c
// Use getc to read a line from a file.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char buffer[81];
int i, ch;
FILE* fp;
// Read a single line from the file "crt_getc.txt".
fopen_s(&fp, "crt_getc.txt", "r");
if (!fp)
{
printf("Failed to open file crt_getc.txt.\n");
exit(1);
}
for (i = 0; (i < 80) && ((ch = getc(fp)) != EOF)
&& (ch != '\n'); i++)
{
buffer[i] = (char) ch;
}
// Terminate string with a null character
buffer[i] = '\0';
printf( "Input was: %s\n", buffer);
fclose(fp);
}
Input: crt_getc.txt
Line one.
Line two.
Output
Input was: Line one.