_RPT, _RPTF, _RPTW, _RPTFW Macros

Article
04/22/2008

Tracks an application's progress by generating a debug report (debug version only). Note that n specifies the number of arguments in args and can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

_RPTn(
      reportType,
      format,
...[args]
);
_RPTFn(
      reportType,
      format,
   [args]
);
_RPTWn(
      reportType,
      format 
   [args]
);
_RPTFWn(
      reportType,
      format 
   [args]
);

Parameters

reportType
Report type: _CRT_WARN, _CRT_ERROR, or _CRT_ASSERT.
format
Format-control string used to create the user message.
args
Substitution arguments used by format.

Remarks

All these macros take the reportType and format parameters. In addition, they might also take up to four additional arguments, signified by the number appended to the macro name. For example, _RPT0 and _RPTF0 take no additional arguments, _RPT1 and _RPTF1 take arg1, _RPT2 and _RPTF2 take arg1 and arg2, and so on.

The _RPT and _RPTF macros are similar to the printf function, because they can be used to track an application's progress during the debugging process. However, these macros are more flexible than printf because they do not need to be enclosed in #ifdef statements to prevent them from being called in a retail build of an application. This flexibility is achieved by using the _DEBUG macro; the _RPT and _RPTF macros are only available when the _DEBUG flag is defined. When _DEBUG is not defined, calls to these macros are removed during preprocessing.

The _RPTW and _RPTFW macros are new in Visual C++ 2005 and are wide-character versions of these macros. They are like wprintf and take wide-character strings as arguments.

The _RPT macros call the _CrtDbgReport function to generate a debug report with a user message. The _RPTW macros call the _CrtDbgReportW function to generate the same report with wide characters. The _RPTF and _RPTFW macros create a debug report with the source file and line number where the report macro was called, in addition to the user message. The user message is created by substituting the arg[n] arguments into the format string, using the same rules defined by the printf function.

_CrtDbgReport or _CrtDbgReportW generates the debug report and determines its destinations based on the current report modes and file defined for reportType. The _CrtSetReportMode and _CrtSetReportFile functions are used to define the destinations for each report type.

If an _RPT macro is called and neither _CrtSetReportMode nor _CrtSetReportFile has been called, messages are displayed as follows.

Report type	Output destination
_CRT_WARN	Warning text is not displayed.
_CRT_ERROR	A pop-up window. Same as if _CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_ERROR, _CRTDBG_MODE_WNDW); had been specified.
_CRT_ASSERT	Same as _CRT_ERROR.

When the destination is a debug message window and the user chooses the Retry button, _CrtDbgReport or _CrtDbgReportW returns 1, causing these macros to start the debugger, provided that just-in-time (JIT) debugging is enabled. For more information about using these macros as a debugging error handling mechanism, see Using Macros for Verification and Reporting.

Two other macros exist that generate a debug report. The _ASSERT macro generates a report, but only when its expression argument evaluates to FALSE. _ASSERTE is exactly like _ASSERT, but includes the failed expression in the generated report.

Requirements

Macro	Required header
_RPT macros	<crtdbg.h>
_RPTF macros	<crtdbg.h>
_RPTW macros	<crtdbg.h>
_RPTFW macros	<crtdbg.h>

For more compatibility information, see Compatibility in the Introduction.

Libraries

Debug versions of C run-time libraries only.

Although these are macros and are obtained by including Crtdbg.h, the application must link with one of the debug libraries because these macros call other run-time functions.

Example

See the example in the _ASSERT topic.

.NET Framework Equivalent

Not applicable. To call the standard C function, use PInvoke. For more information, see Platform Invoke Examples.

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