How to: Call a Windows Function that Takes Unsigned Types 

If you are consuming a class, module, or structure that has members of unsigned integer types, you can access these members with Visual Basic.

To call a Windows function that takes an unsigned type

1. Use a Declare Statement to tell Visual Basic which library holds the function, what its name is in that library, what its calling sequence is, and how to convert strings when calling it.

2. In the Declare statement, use UInteger, ULong, UShort, or Byte as appropriate for each parameter with an unsigned type.

3. Consult the documentation for the Windows function you are calling to find the names and values of the constants it uses. Many of these are defined in the WinUser.h file.

4. Declare the necessary constants in your code. Many Windows constants are 32-bit unsigned values, and you should declare these As UInteger.

5. Call the function in the normal way. The following example calls the Windows function MessageBox, which takes an unsigned integer argument.

   Public Class windowsMessage
       Private Declare Auto Function mb Lib "user32.dll" Alias "MessageBox" _
           (ByVal hWnd As Integer, _
           ByVal lpText As String, _
           ByVal lpCaption As String, _
           ByVal uType As UInteger) As Integer
       Private Const MB_OK As UInteger = 0
       Private Const MB_ICONEXCLAMATION As UInteger = &H30
       Private Const IDOK As UInteger = 1
       Private Const IDCLOSE As UInteger = 8
       Private Const c As UInteger = MB_OK Or MB_ICONEXCLAMATION
       Public Function messageThroughWindows() As String
           Dim r As Integer = mb(0, "Click OK if you see this!", _
               "Windows API call", c)
           Dim s As String = "Windows API MessageBox returned " _
               & CStr(r)& vbCrLf & "(IDOK = " & CStr(IDOK) _
               & ", IDCLOSE = " & CStr(IDCLOSE) & ")"
           Return s
       End Function
   End Class
   

   You can test the function messageThroughWindows with the following code.

   Public Sub consumeWindowsMessage()
       Dim w As New windowsMessage
       w.messageThroughWindows()
   End Sub
   

   Warning

   The UInteger, ULong, UShort, and SByte data types are not part of the Common Language Specification (CLS), so CLS-compliant code cannot consume a component that uses them.

   Security Note
   Making a call to unmanaged code, such as the Windows application programming interface (API), exposes your code to potential security risks.

   Security Note
   Calling the Windows API requires unmanaged code permission, which might affect its execution in partial-trust situations. For more information, see SecurityPermission and Code Access Permissions.

See Also

Tasks

How to: Optimize Storage of Positive Integers With Unsigned Types
Walkthrough: Calling Windows APIs

Reference

Data Type Summary (Visual Basic)
Integer Data Type (Visual Basic)
UInteger Data Type
Declare Statement