Procédure : valider à l'aide de XSD (LINQ to XML)
L'espace de noms System.Xml.Schema contient des méthodes d'extension qui facilitent la validation d'une arborescence XML par rapport à un fichier XSD (XML Schema Definition Language). Pour plus d'informations, consultez la documentation sur la méthode Validate.
Exemple
L'exemple suivant crée un objet XmlSchemaSet, puis valide deux objets XDocument par rapport au jeu de schémas. L'un des documents est valide, l'autre non.
string xsdMarkup =
@"<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'>
<xsd:element name='Root'>
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name='Child1' minOccurs='1' maxOccurs='1'/>
<xsd:element name='Child2' minOccurs='1' maxOccurs='1'/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>";
XmlSchemaSet schemas = new XmlSchemaSet();
schemas.Add("", XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(xsdMarkup)));
XDocument doc1 = new XDocument(
new XElement("Root",
new XElement("Child1", "content1"),
new XElement("Child2", "content1")
)
);
XDocument doc2 = new XDocument(
new XElement("Root",
new XElement("Child1", "content1"),
new XElement("Child3", "content1")
)
);
Console.WriteLine("Validating doc1");
bool errors = false;
doc1.Validate(schemas, (o, e) =>
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}", e.Message);
errors = true;
});
Console.WriteLine("doc1 {0}", errors ? "did not validate" : "validated");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("Validating doc2");
errors = false;
doc2.Validate(schemas, (o, e) =>
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}", e.Message);
errors = true;
});
Console.WriteLine("doc2 {0}", errors ? "did not validate" : "validated");
Dim errors As Boolean = False
Private Sub XSDErrors(ByVal o As Object, ByVal e As ValidationEventArgs)
Console.WriteLine("{0}", e.Message)
errors = True
End Sub
Sub Main()
Dim xsdMarkup As XElement = _
<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'>
<xsd:element name='Root'>
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name='Child1' minOccurs='1' maxOccurs='1'/>
<xsd:element name='Child2' minOccurs='1' maxOccurs='1'/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
Dim schemas As XmlSchemaSet = New XmlSchemaSet()
schemas.Add("", xsdMarkup.CreateReader)
Dim doc1 As XDocument = _
<?xml version='1.0'?>
<Root>
<Child1>content1</Child1>
<Child2>content1</Child2>
</Root>
Dim doc2 As XDocument = _
<?xml version='1.0'?>
<Root>
<Child1>content1</Child1>
<Child3>content1</Child3>
</Root>
Console.WriteLine("Validating doc1")
errors = False
doc1.Validate(schemas, AddressOf XSDErrors)
Console.WriteLine("doc1 {0}", IIf(errors = True, "did not validate", "validated"))
Console.WriteLine()
Console.WriteLine("Validating doc2")
errors = False
doc2.Validate(schemas, AddressOf XSDErrors)
Console.WriteLine("doc2 {0}", IIf(errors = True, "did not validate", "validated"))
End Sub
Cet exemple génère la sortie suivante :
Validating doc1
doc1 validated
Validating doc2
The element 'Root' has invalid child element 'Child3'. List of possible elements expected: 'Child2'.
doc2 did not validate
L'exemple suivant vérifie que le document XML de Exemple de fichier XML : Clients et commandes (LINQ to XML) est valide par rapport au schéma de Exemple de fichier XSD : Clients et commandes. Il modifie ensuite le document XML source. Il modifie l'attribut CustomerID sur le premier client. Après la modification, les commandes feront référence à un client qui n'existe pas ; le document XML ne sera donc plus validé.
Cet exemple utilise le document XML suivant : Exemple de fichier XML : Clients et commandes (LINQ to XML).
Cet exemple utilise le schéma XSD suivant : Exemple de fichier XSD : Clients et commandes.
XmlSchemaSet schemas = new XmlSchemaSet();
schemas.Add("", "CustomersOrders.xsd");
Console.WriteLine("Attempting to validate");
XDocument custOrdDoc = XDocument.Load("CustomersOrders.xml");
bool errors = false;
custOrdDoc.Validate(schemas, (o, e) =>
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}", e.Message);
errors = true;
});
Console.WriteLine("custOrdDoc {0}", errors ? "did not validate" : "validated");
Console.WriteLine();
// Modify the source document so that it will not validate.
custOrdDoc.Root.Element("Orders").Element("Order").Element("CustomerID").Value = "AAAAA";
Console.WriteLine("Attempting to validate after modification");
errors = false;
custOrdDoc.Validate(schemas, (o, e) =>
{
Console.WriteLine("{0}", e.Message);
errors = true;
});
Console.WriteLine("custOrdDoc {0}", errors ? "did not validate" : "validated");
Dim errors As Boolean = False
Private Sub XSDErrors(ByVal o As Object, ByVal e As ValidationEventArgs)
Console.WriteLine("{0}", e.Message)
errors = True
End Sub
Sub Main()
Dim schemas As XmlSchemaSet = New XmlSchemaSet()
schemas.Add("", "CustomersOrders.xsd")
Console.WriteLine("Attempting to validate")
Dim custOrdDoc As XDocument = XDocument.Load("CustomersOrders.xml")
errors = False
custOrdDoc.Validate(schemas, AddressOf XSDErrors)
Console.WriteLine("custOrdDoc {0}", IIf(errors, "did not validate", "validated"))
Console.WriteLine()
' Modify the source document so that it will not validate.
custOrdDoc.<Root>.<Orders>.<Order>.<CustomerID>(0).Value = "AAAAA"
Console.WriteLine("Attempting to validate after modification")
errors = False
custOrdDoc.Validate(schemas, AddressOf XSDErrors)
Console.WriteLine("custOrdDoc {0}", IIf(errors, "did not validate", "validated"))
End Sub
Cet exemple génère la sortie suivante :
Attempting to validate
custOrdDoc validated
Attempting to validate after modification
The key sequence 'AAAAA' in Keyref fails to refer to some key.
custOrdDoc did not validate