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NPer Function 

  • Article

Returns a Double specifying the number of periods for an annuity based on periodic fixed payments and a fixed interest rate.

Function NPer( _
   ByVal Rate As Double, _
   ByVal Pmt As Double, _
   ByVal PV As Double, _
   Optional ByVal FV As Double = 0, _
   Optional ByVal Due As DueDate = DueDate.EndOfPeriod _
) As Double

Parameters

  • Rate
    Required. Double specifying interest rate per period. For example, if you get a car loan at an annual percentage rate (APR) of 10 percent and make monthly payments, the rate per period is 0.1/12, or 0.0083.
  • Pmt
    Required. Double specifying payment to be made each period. Payments usually contain principal and interest that does not change over the life of the annuity.
  • PV
    Required. Double specifying present value, or value today, of a series of future payments or receipts. For example, when you borrow money to buy a car, the loan amount is the present value to the lender of the monthly car payments you will make.
  • FV
    Optional. Double specifying future value or cash balance you want after you have made the final payment. For example, the future value of a loan is $0 because that is its value after the final payment. However, if you want to save $50,000 over 18 years for your child's education, then $50,000 is the future value. If omitted, 0 is assumed.
  • Due
    Optional. Object of type DueDate Enumeration that specifies when payments are due. This argument must be either DueDate.EndOfPeriod if payments are due at the end of the payment period, or DueDate.BegOfPeriod if payments are due at the beginning of the period. If omitted, DueDate.EndOfPeriod is assumed.

Exceptions

Exception type Error number Condition

ArgumentException

5

Rate <= -1.

ArgumentException

5

Rate = 0 and Pmt = 0

See the "Error number" column if you are upgrading Visual Basic 6.0 applications that use unstructured error handling. (You can compare the error number against the Number Property (Err Object).) However, when possible, you should consider replacing such error control with Structured Exception Handling Overview for Visual Basic.

Remarks

An annuity is a series of fixed cash payments made over a period of time. An annuity can be a loan (such as a home mortgage) or an investment (such as a monthly savings plan).

For all arguments, cash paid out (such as deposits to savings) is represented by negative numbers; cash received (such as dividend checks) is represented by positive numbers.

Example

This example uses the NPer function to return the number of periods during which payments must be made to pay off a loan whose value is contained in PVal. Also provided are the interest percentage rate per period (APR / 12), the payment (Payment), the future value of the loan (FVal), and a number that indicates whether the payment is due at the beginning or end of the payment period (PayType).

Sub TestNPer()
    Dim TotPmts As Double
    Dim PVal, APR, Payment As Double
    Dim PayType As DueDate
    Dim Response As MsgBoxResult

    ' Usually 0 for a loan.
    Dim Fval As Double = 0
    PVal = CDbl(InputBox("How much do you want to borrow?"))
    APR = CDbl(InputBox("What is the annual percentage rate of your loan?"))
    ' Usually 0 for a loan.
    If APR > 1 Then APR = APR / 100
    Payment = CDbl(InputBox("How much do you want to pay each month?"))
    Response = MsgBox("Do you make payments at the end of month?", MsgBoxStyle.YesNo)
    If Response = MsgBoxResult.No Then
        PayType = DueDate.BegOfPeriod
    Else
        PayType = DueDate.EndOfPeriod
    End If
    TotPmts = NPer(APR / 12, -Payment, PVal, FVal, PayType)
    If Int(TotPmts) <> TotPmts Then TotPmts = Int(TotPmts) + 1

    MsgBox("It will take you " & TotPmts & " months to pay off your loan.")
End Sub

Requirements

Namespace: Microsoft.VisualBasic

Module: Financial

Assembly: Visual Basic Runtime Library (in Microsoft.VisualBasic.dll)

See Also

Reference

Financial Summary
ArgumentException