search_n

Article
12/01/2015

Searches for the first subsequence in a range that of a specified number of elements having a particular value or a relation to that value as specified by a binary predicate.

Syntax

template<class ForwardIterator1, class Diff2, class Type>
   ForwardIterator1 search_n(
      ForwardIterator1 _First1, 
      ForwardIterator1 _Last1,
      Diff2 _Count, 
      const Type& _Val
   );
template<class ForwardIterator1, class Diff2, class Type, class BinaryPredicate>
   ForwardIterator1 search_n(
      ForwardIterator1 _First1, 
      ForwardIterator1 _Last1,
      Diff2 _Count, 
      const Type& _Val,
      BinaryPredicate _Comp
   );

Parameters

_First1
A forward iterator addressing the position of the first element in the range to be searched.
_Last1
A forward iterator addressing the position one past the final element in the range to be searched.
_Count
The size of the subsequence being searched for.
_Val
The value of the elements in the sequence being searched for.
_Comp
User-defined predicate function object that defines the condition to be satisfied if two elements are to be taken as equivalent. A binary predicate takes two arguments and returns true when satisfied and false when not satisfied.

Return Value

A forward iterator addressing the position of the first element of the first subsequence that matches the specified sequence or that is equivalent in a sense specified by a binary predicate.

Remarks

The operator== used to determine the match between an element and the specified value must impose an equivalence relation between its operands.

The range referenced must be valid; all pointers must be dereferenceable and within the sequence the last position is reachable from the first by incrementation.

Complexity is linear with respect to the size of the searched.

Example

// alg_search_n.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>

// Return whether second element is 1/2 of the first
bool one_half ( int elem1, int elem2 )
{
   return elem1 == 2 * elem2;
}

int main( ) 
{
   using namespace std;
   vector <int> v1, v2;
   vector <int>::iterator Iter1;

   int i;
   for ( i = 0 ; i <= 5 ; i++ )
   {
      v1.push_back( 5 * i );
   }

   for ( i = 0 ; i <= 2 ; i++ )
   {
      v1.push_back( 5  );
   }

   for ( i = 0 ; i <= 5 ; i++ )
   {
      v1.push_back( 5 * i );
   }

   for ( i = 0 ; i <= 2 ; i++ )
   {
      v1.push_back( 10  );
   }

   cout << "Vector v1 = ( " ;
   for ( Iter1 = v1.begin( ) ; Iter1 != v1.end( ) ; Iter1++ )
      cout << *Iter1 << " ";
   cout << ")" << endl;

   // Searching v1 for first match to (5 5 5) under identity
   vector <int>::iterator result1;
   result1 = search_n ( v1.begin( ), v1.end( ), 3, 5 );

   if ( result1 == v1.end( ) )
      cout << "There is no match for a sequence ( 5 5 5 ) in v1."
           << endl;
   else
      cout << "There is at least one match of a sequence ( 5 5 5 )"
           << "\n in v1 and the first one begins at "
           << "position "<< result1 - v1.begin( ) << "." << endl;

   // Searching v1 for first match to (5 5 5) under one_half
   vector <int>::iterator result2;
   result2 = search_n (v1.begin( ), v1.end( ), 3, 5, one_half );

   if ( result2 == v1.end( ) )
      cout << "There is no match for a sequence ( 5 5 5 ) in v1"
           << " under the equivalence predicate one_half." << endl;
   else
      cout << "There is a match of a sequence ( 5 5 5 ) "
           << "under the equivalence\n predicate one_half "
           << "in v1 and the first one begins at "
           << "position "<< result2 - v1.begin( ) << "." << endl;
}

Vector v1 = ( 0 5 10 15 20 25 5 5 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 10 10 10 )
There is at least one match of a sequence ( 5 5 5 )
 in v1 and the first one begins at position 6.
There is a match of a sequence ( 5 5 5 ) under the equivalence
 predicate one_half in v1 and the first one begins at position 15.

Requirements

Header: <algorithm>

Namespace: std

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