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Test a large application with multiple UI Maps

  • Artikkeli

Applies to: yesVisual Studio noVisual Studio for Mac

Note

This article applies to Visual Studio 2017. If you're looking for the latest Visual Studio documentation, see Visual Studio documentation. We recommend upgrading to the latest version of Visual Studio. Download it here

This topic discusses how to use coded UI tests when you are testing a large application by using multiple UI Maps.

Note

Coded UI Test for automated UI-driven functional testing is deprecated. Visual Studio 2019 is the last version where Coded UI Test will be fully available. We recommend using Playwright for testing web apps and Appium with WinAppDriver for testing desktop and UWP apps. Consider Xamarin.UITest for testing iOS and Android apps using the NUnit test framework. To reduce the impact on users some minimum support will still be available in Visual Studio 2022 Preview 4 or later.

Requirements

  • Visual Studio Enterprise

When you create a new coded UI test, the Visual Studio testing framework generates code for the test by default in a UIMap class. For more information about how to record coded UI tests, see Create coded UI tests and Anatomy of a coded UI test.

The generated code for the UI Map contains a class for each object that the test interacts with. For each generated method, a companion class for method parameters is generated specifically for that method. If there are a large number of objects, pages, and forms and controls in your application, the UI Map can grow very large. Also, if several people are working on tests, the application becomes unwieldy with a single large UI Map file.

Using multiple UI Map files can provide the following benefits:

  • Each map can be associated with a logical subset of the application. This makes changes easier to manage.

  • Each tester can work on a section of the application and check in their code without interfering with other testers working on other sections of the application.

  • Additions to the application UI can be scaled incrementally with minimal effect on tests for other parts of the UI.

Do you need multiple UI Maps?

Create multiple UI Maps in each of these types of situations:

  • Several complex sets of composite UI controls that together perform a logical operation, such as a registration page in a website, or the purchase page of a shopping cart.

  • An independent set of controls that is accessed from various points of the application, such as a wizard with several pages of operations. If each page of a wizard is especially complex, you could create separate UI Maps for each page.

Add multiple UI Maps

To add a UI Map to your coded UI test project

  1. In Solution Explorer, to create a folder in your coded UI test project to store all the UI Maps, right-click the coded UI test project file, point to Add, and then choose New Folder. For example, you could name it UIMaps.

    The new folder is displayed under the coded UI test project.

  2. Right-click the UIMaps folder, point to Add, and then choose New Item.

    The Add New Item dialog box is displayed.

    Note

    You must be in a coded UI test project to add a new coded UI test map.

  3. Select Coded UI Test Map from the list.

    In the Name box, enter a name for the new UI Map. Use the name of the component or page that the map will represent, for example, HomePageMap.

  4. Choose Add.

    The Visual Studio window minimizes and the Coded UI Test Builder dialog box is displayed.

  5. Record the actions for the first method and choose Generate Code.

  6. After you have recorded all actions and assertions for the first component or page and grouped them into methods, close the Coded UI Test Builder dialog box.

  7. Continue to create UI Maps. Record the actions and assertions, group them into methods for each component, and then generate the code.

    In many cases, the top-level window of your application remains constant for all wizards, forms, and pages. Although each UI Map has a class for the top-level window, all maps are probably referring to the same top-level window within which all components of your application run. Coded UI tests search for controls hierarchically from the top down, starting from the top-level window, so in a complex application, the real top-level window could be duplicated in every UI Map. If the real top-level window is duplicated, multiple modifications will result if that window changes. This could cause performance problems when you switch between UI Maps.

    To minimize this effect, you can use the CopyFrom() method to make sure that the new top-level window in that UI Map is the same as the main top-level window.

Example

The following example is part of a utility class that provides access to each component and their child controls, which are represented by the classes generated in the various UI Maps.

For this example, a web application named Contoso has a Home Page, a Product Page, and a Shopping Cart Page. Each of these pages shares a common top-level window, which is the browser window. There is a UI Map for each page and the utility class has code similar to the following:

using ContosoProject.UIMaps;
using ContosoProject.UIMaps.HomePageClasses;
using ContosoProject.UIMaps.ProductPageClasses;
using ContosoProject.UIMaps.ShoppingCartClasses;

namespace ContosoProject
{
    public class TestRunUtility
    {
        // Private fields for the properties
        private HomePage homePage = null;
        private ProductPage productPage = null;
        private ShoppingCart shoppingCart = null;

        public TestRunUtility()
        {
            homePage = new HomePage();
        }

        // Properties that get each UI Map
        public HomePage HomePage
        {
            get { return homePage; }
            set { homePage = value; }
        }

        // Gets the ProductPage from the ProductPageMap.
        public ProductPage ProductPageObject
        {
            get
            {
                if (productPage == null)
                {
                    // Instantiate a new page from the UI Map classes
                    productPage = new ProductPage();

                    // Since the Product Page and Home Page both use
                    // the same browser page as the top level window,
                    // get the top level window properties from the
                    // Home Page.
                    productPage.UIContosoFinalizeWindow.CopyFrom(
                        HomePage.UIContosoWindowsIWindow);
                }
                return productPage;
            }
        }

    // Continue to create properties for each page, getting the
    // page object from the corresponding UI Map and copying the
    // top level window properties from the Home Page.
}

See also